keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38183627/exposure-to-low-intensity-blast-increases-clearance-of-brain-a%C3%AE
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rania Abutarboush, Eileen Reed, Ye Chen, Ming Gu, Cameron Watson, Usmah Kawoos, Jonathan Keegan Statz, Anna Tschiffely, Stephanie Ciarlone, Georgina Perez Garcia, Miguel A Gama Sosa, Rita De Gasperi, James R Stone, Gregory A Elder, Stephen Ahlers
The long-term effects of exposure to blast overpressure are an important health concern in military personnel. Increase in amyloid beta (Aβ) has been documented after non-blast traumatic brain injury (TBI) and may contribute to neuropathology and an increased risk for Alzheimer's Disease. We have shown that Aβ levels decrease following exposure to a low-intensity blast overpressure event. To further explore this observation, we examined the effects of a single 37kPa (5.4 psi) blast exposure on brain Aβ levels, production, and clearance mechanisms in the acute (24 hours) and delayed (28 days) phases post-blast exposure in an experimental rat model...
January 6, 2024: Journal of Neurotrauma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38162434/the-prophylactic-role-of-mitomycin-c-based-hyperthermic-intraperitoneal-chemotherapy-mmc-based-hipec-on-peritoneal-metastasis-of-spontaneously-ruptured-hepatocellular-carcinoma-srhcc-a-pilot-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziqi Hou, Guoteng Qiu, Qingyun Xie, Zhaoxing Jin, Shizheng Mi, Jiwei Huang
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was featured as spontaneous rupture hemorrhage under intratumoral overpressure. Spontaneous rupture hepatocellular carcinoma (srHCC) has a high propensity for peritoneal metastasis (PM). Although HIPEC has become standard treatment for malignancies with PM, it has been poorly described in srHCC. We conducted a single-arm, open-label, single-center, prospective study to explore the prophylactic role of MMC-based HIPEC on PM of srHCC. A total of 7 patients were collected from April 1, 2021 to April 30, 2022...
December 31, 2023: Global health & medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38138744/exceptional-performance-of-flame-retardant-polyurethane-foam-the-suppression-effect-on-explosion-pressure-and-flame-propagation-of-methane-air-premixed-gas
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Changhua Li, Guangyi Zhang, Bihe Yuan
A self-built gas explosion testing platform was used to explore the quenching effect of flame-retardant polyurethane foam on a gas explosion. The effect of the foam's filling position and length on the explosion suppression performance was explored. The results demonstrate that polyurethane foam exhibits an excellent flame-quenching performance, with a minimum of a 5 cm length of porous material being sufficient to completely quench the flame during propagation. Furthermore, the attenuation function of this porous material on the pressure wave is insignificantly affected by the change in ignition energy...
December 11, 2023: Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38107950/characteristics-of-methane-explosion-and-dynamic-response-of-rock-mass-in-an-h-type-roadway-with-different-ignition-sources
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinbei Dou, Sumei Zhang, Muhammad Umair Manzoor, Xiaoping Wen
Methane explosion is an undesired incident in the coal mining industry. Its high pressure wave can cause damage to the rock mass. This study numerically investigated the flame and wave transport characteristics of methane explosion with ignition sources at three different locations, and the corresponding dynamic response of the rock masses was discussed. The results showed that the flame propagation time is shortest when the ignition position is located at the center of the H-type roadway structure and the maximum overpressure decreases as the ignition position deviates from the center of the H-type roadway structure...
December 12, 2023: ACS Omega
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38073206/-neurobehavioral-effects-of-explosion-exposure-on-acute-and-chronic-traumatic-brain-injury-in-rats
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Q Wang, L Li, H Wang, X L Fan, J H Gao, N Ma
Objective: To explore the effect of nerve injury in rats by neurobehavioral experiments, in order to provide a model and idea for further clarification of the traumatic brain injury mechanism under explosion exposure. Methods: From May 2021 to August 2022, 160 SPF male rats were randomly divided into four groups, including control group, 60 kPa group (low intensity group), 90 kPa group (medium intensity group) and 120 kPa group (high intensity group). The blast induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) model of rats was established by using the shock tube platform to simulate the shock wave parameters of the explosion overpressure of 60 kPa, 90 kPa and 120 kPa...
November 20, 2023: Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38013788/enhancing-c-%C3%A2-2-product-selectivity-in-electrochemical-co-2-reduction-by-controlling-the-microstructure-of-gas-diffusion-electrodes
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesco Bernasconi, Alessandro Senocrate, Peter Kraus, Corsin Battaglia
We fabricate polymer-based gas diffusion electrodes with controllable microstructure for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 , by means of electrospinning and physical vapor deposition. We show that the microstructure of the electrospun substrate is affecting the selectivity of a Cu catalyst, steering it from H2 to C2 H4 and other multicarbon products. Specifically, we demonstrate that gas diffusion electrodes with small pores ( e.g. mean pore size 0.2 μm) and strong hydrophobicity ( e.g. water entry pressure >1 bar) are necessary for achieving a remarkable faradaic efficiency of ∼50% for C2 H4 and ∼75% for C≥2 products in neutral 1M KCl electrolyte at 200 mA cm-2 ...
November 2, 2023: EES Catal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37966502/significant-mitigation-of%C3%A2-blast-overpressure-exposure-during-training-by-adjustment-of%C3%A2-body-position-as-demonstrated-with-field-data
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suthee Wiri, Christina Wagner, Jasmyne Longwell, Tasha Adams, Joshua Whitty, Todd Massow, James Reid, Cyrus Dunbar, Wallace Graves, Andrea Gonzales, Charles E Needham, Fabio Leonessa, Josh L Duckworth
INTRODUCTION: During training and deployment, service members (SMs) experience blast exposure, which may potentially negatively impact brain health in the short and long term. This article explores if blast exposure mitigation can be effectively achieved for four different weapon training scenarios that are being monitored as part of the CONQUER (COmbat and traiNing QUeryable Exposure/event Repository) program. The training scenarios considered here are a detonating cord linear (det linear) breaching charge, a water breaching charge, a shoulder-fired weapon, and a 120-mm mortar...
November 7, 2023: Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37952072/imaging-overpressurised-fracture-networks-and-geological-barriers-hindering-fluid-migrations-across-a-slow-deformation-seismic-gap
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ferdinando Napolitano, Simona Gabrielli, Luca De Siena, Ortensia Amoroso, Paolo Capuano
There is an ongoing debate on the processes producing background seismicity and deformation transients across seismic gaps, i.e., regions that lack historical large-magnitude earthquakes. Essential missing elements are geophysical images that resolve sources of geophysical unrest. Here, we apply seismic scattering and absorption tomography to data recorded during the 2010-2014 seismic sequence within the Mt. Pollino seismic gap region (Southern Italy). The tomographic models show high sensitivity to fluid content, deformed fractured structures, and impermeable layers stopping fluid migrations...
November 11, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37950709/neurological-effects-of-repeated-blast-exposure-in-special-operations-personnel
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James R Stone, Brian B Avants, Nicholas Tustison, Jessica Gill, Elisabeth A Wilde, Kiel D Neumann, Leslie A Gladney, Madison O Kilgore, F Bowling, Christopher M Wilson, John F Detro, Heather Belanger, Katryna Deary, Hans Linsenbardt, Stephen Ahlers
Exposure to blast overpressure has been a pervasive feature of combat-related injuries. Studies exploring the neurological correlates of repeated low-level blast exposure in career Breachers demonstrated higher levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) and decreases in interleukin-10 (IL-10) within brain-derived extracellular vesicles (BDEVs). The current pilot study was initiated in partnership with US Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) to explore whether neuroinflammation is seen within special operators with prior blast exposure...
November 11, 2023: Journal of Neurotrauma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37948283/acute-hearing-deficits-associated-with-weapons-exposure-in%C3%A2-section%C3%A2-734-blast-overpressure-study-bos
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Devon Kulinski, Walter Carr, Bradley A Garfield, Jonathan Salib, Coral Dirks, Benjamin Sheffield, Douglas S Brungart
INTRODUCTION: This prospective, multi-site, observational study describes ongoing efforts in support of the Fiscal Year 2018 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) Section 734 Blast Overpressure Study (BOS) to identify the acute effects impulse and blast exposure have on hearing abilities of the Warfighter in various military training environments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hearing thresholds, a binaural tone detection task, and auditory symptoms were collected before and immediately following weapons exposure across nine military training environments from January 2020 to October 2022...
November 8, 2023: Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37948275/fiscal-year-2018-national-defense-authorization-act-section%C3%A2-734-weapon-systems-line-of%C3%A2-inquiry-overview-and%C3%A2-blast-overpressure-tool-a-module-for%C3%A2-human-body-blast-wave-exposure-for%C3%A2-safer-weapons-training
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel W Spencer, Elizabeth Brokaw, Walter Carr, Zhijian J Chen, Bradley A Garfield, Harsha T Garimella, Hamidreza Gharahi, Joseph Iampaglia, Lisa Lalis, Andrzej Przekwas, Maciej Skotak, Michael A Xynidis, Andrew Dominijanni, George Dias, Lura Danley, Raj K Gupta
INTRODUCTION: Experiences by service members in recent conflicts and training environments illuminate concerns about the possible effects of blast overpressure (BOP) exposure on brain health. Section 734 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year (FY) 2018 (Public Law 115-91) requires that the Secretary of Defense conducts a longitudinal medical study on blast pressure exposure of members of the Armed Forces during combat and training, and the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs was assigned responsibility for fulfilling requirements...
November 8, 2023: Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37948259/comparison-of-biomechanical-outcome-measures-from-characteristically-different-blast-simulators-and-the-influence-of-exposure-location
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Venkatasivasai Sajja, Richard Shoge, Elizabeth McNeil, Stephen Van Albert, Donna Wilder, Joseph Long
INTRODUCTION: Simulation of blast exposure in the laboratory has been inconsistent across laboratories. This is primarily because of adoption of the shock wave-generation techniques that are used in aerodynamic tests as opposed to application of blast exposures that are relevant to combat and training environments of a Warfighter. Because of the differences in blast signatures, characteristically different pathological consequences are observed among the preclinical studies. This is also further confounded by the varied exposure positioning of the animal subject (e...
November 8, 2023: Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37948226/impact-of-blast-overpressure-on-the-pharmacokinetics-of-various-antibiotics-in-sprague-dawley-rats
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kariana E Rios, Daniel J Selig, Radmila Pavlovic, Yonas Alamneh, Chau Vuong, Robert John Nadeau, Kristina M Pannone, Jesse P Deluca, Joseph B Long, Venkatasivasai S Sajja, Stuart Tyner, Vlado Antonic, Derese Getnet, Alexander G Bobrov
INTRODUCTION: Combat injuries are complex and multimodal. Most injuries to the extremities occur because of explosive devices such as improvised explosive devices. Blast exposure dramatically increases the risk of infection in combat wounds, and there is limited available information on the best antibiotic treatments for these injuries. We previously demonstrated that mice exposed to blast displayed a delayed clearance of cefazolin from the plasma and liver; further semi-mechanistic modeling determined that cefazolin concentrations in the skin of these mice were reduced...
November 8, 2023: Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37945574/multiple-impact-effects-of-helium-driven-shocks-on-thin-fiber-metal-laminates
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anand Pai, Marcos Rodriguez-Millan, Chandrakant R Kini, B Satish Shenoy
Fiber Metal Laminates (FMLs) have garnered considerable attention and are increasingly being utilized in the development of protective armors for explosion and ballistic scenarios. While most research has focused on assessing the response of FMLs to single impacts, real battlefield situations often require shielding structures to endure multiple impacts. Thus, this study revolves around the creation of hybrid FMLs designed for shock shielding purposes. The primary focus is on how these laminates withstand repetitive impacts from high-intensity shock waves, aiming to pinpoint the optimal sequence that offers the highest resistance against multiple shock impacts...
November 9, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37877029/differential-effects-on-tdp-43-piezo-2-tight-junction-proteins-in-various-brain-regions-following-repetitive-low-intensity-blast-overpressure
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lanier Heyburn, Shataakshi Dahal, Rania Abutarboush, Eileen Reed, Rodrigo Urioste, Andrew Batuure, Donna Wilder, Stephen T Ahlers, Joseph B Long, Venkatasivasai Sujith Sajja
INTRODUCTION: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) caused by repetitive low-intensity blast overpressure (relBOP) in military personnel exposed to breaching and heavy weapons is often unrecognized and is understudied. Exposure to relBOP poses the risk of developing abnormal behavioral and psychological changes such as altered cognitive function, anxiety, and depression, all of which can severely compromise the quality of the life of the affected individual. Due to the structural and anatomical heterogeneity of the brain, understanding the potentially varied effects of relBOP in different regions of the brain could lend insights into the risks from exposures...
2023: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37876824/preliminary-study-of-all-solid-state-batteries-evaluation-of-blast-formation-during-the-thermal-runaway
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juliette Charbonnel, Sébastien Dubourg, Etienne Testard, Ludovic Broche, Christophe Magnier, Thibaut Rochard, Daniel Marteau, Pierre-Xavier Thivel, Rémi Vincent
All-solid-state batteries have been developed to increase energy density by replacing the lithiated graphite negative electrode by a lithium metal foil and to increase safety by removing the organic compounds. However, the safety issues of these batteries have received little attention up to now. The behavior of a reassembled all-solid-state battery under thermal stress was recorded by X-ray radiography and a high-speed camera. The thermal runaway (TR) lasted about 5 ms, thus extremely fast reaction kinetics...
November 17, 2023: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37851859/optimizing-brain-health-of-united-states-special-operations-forces
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brian L Edlow, Natalie Gilmore, Samantha L Tromly, Katryna B Deary, Isabella R McKinney, Collin G Hu, Jessica N Kelemen, Chiara Maffei, Chieh-En J Tseng, Gabriel Ramos Llorden, Brian C Healy, Maryam Masood, Ryan J Cali, Timothy Baxter, Eveline F Yao, Heather G Belanger, Dan Benjamini, Peter J Basser, David S Priemer, W Taylor Kimberly, Jonathan R Polimeni, Bruce R Rosen, Bruce Fischl, Nicole R Zurcher, Douglas N Greve, Jacob M Hooker, Susie Y Huang, Adam Caruso, Gregory A Smith, Timothy G Szymanski, Daniel P Perl, Kristen Dams-O'Connor, Christine L Mac Donald, Yelena G Bodien
United States Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel are frequently exposed to explosive blasts in training and combat. However, the effects of repeated blast exposure on the human brain are incompletely understood. Moreover, there is currently no diagnostic test to detect repeated blast brain injury (rBBI). In this "Human Performance Optimization" article, we discuss how the development and implementation of a reliable diagnostic test for rBBI has the potential to promote SOF brain health, combat readiness, and quality of life...
October 18, 2023: Journal of Special Operations Medicine: a Peer Reviewed Journal for SOF Medical Professionals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37763802/temporal-changes-in-functional-and-structural-neuronal-activities-in-auditory-system-in-non-severe-blast-induced-tinnitus
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ningning Shao, Maciej Skotak, Navya Pendyala, Jose Rodriguez, Arun Reddy Ravula, Kevin Pang, Venkatesan Perumal, Kakulavarapu V Rama Rao, Namas Chandra
Background and Objectives : Epidemiological data indicate that blast exposure is the most common morbidity responsible for mild TBI among Service Members (SMs) during recent military operations. Blast-induced tinnitus is a comorbidity frequently reported by veterans, and despite its wide prevalence, it is also one of the least understood. Tinnitus arising from blast exposure is usually associated with direct structural damage that results in a conductive and sensorineural impairment in the auditory system. Tinnitus is also believed to be initiated by abnormal neuronal activities and temporal changes in neuroplasticity...
September 18, 2023: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37716221/experimental-and-finite-element-analysis-of-the-generation-mechanism-of-high-impulse-noise-overpressure-caused-by-a-recoilless-weapon-at-the-bottom-of-the-ear
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhiyu Li, Gang Tao, Peng Wen, Baoxiang Ren
The intense impulse noise may damage the soldiers' hearing organs during a weapon's firing. It is essential to find out the generation mechanism of the overpressure at the bottom of the ear. The experiments of measuring the overpressure at the bottom of the ear were conducted through a rotating human head model at a recoilless weapon firing platform. The results showed that the overpressure peak at the bottom of the ear decreases with the increasing incident angle. A simulation of the test condition was developed based on the plane shock wave method...
September 6, 2023: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37713532/blast-overpressures-as-a-military-and-occupational-health-concern
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anthony T Cacace, Batoul Berri
PURPOSE: This tutorial reviews effects of environmental stressors like blast overpressures and other well-known acoustic contaminants (continuous, intermittent, and impulsive noise) on hearing, tinnitus, vestibular, and balance-related functions. Based on the overall outcome of these effects, detailed consideration is given to the health and well-being of individuals. METHOD: Because hearing loss and tinnitus are consequential in affecting quality of life, novel neuromodulation paradigms are reviewed for their positive abatement and treatment-related effects...
September 15, 2023: American Journal of Audiology
keyword
keyword
98261
2
3
Fetch more papers »
Fetching more papers... Fetching...
Remove bar
Read by QxMD icon Read
×

Save your favorite articles in one place with a free QxMD account.

×

Search Tips

Use Boolean operators: AND/OR

diabetic AND foot
diabetes OR diabetic

Exclude a word using the 'minus' sign

Virchow -triad

Use Parentheses

water AND (cup OR glass)

Add an asterisk (*) at end of a word to include word stems

Neuro* will search for Neurology, Neuroscientist, Neurological, and so on

Use quotes to search for an exact phrase

"primary prevention of cancer"
(heart or cardiac or cardio*) AND arrest -"American Heart Association"

We want to hear from doctors like you!

Take a second to answer a survey question.