iliac vein compression syndrome

Iatrogenic venous compression syndrome is defined by extrinsic vein compression due to medical hardware, particularly relevant after joint replacement surgeries. Inserting medical hardware can lead to immediate risks such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolisms due to local tissue inflammation. The long-term issues include venous insufficiency due to chronic vessel irritation, subsequently causing intimal proliferation and thickening. Despite the existing knowledge of venous compression syndromes, iatrogenic cases are severely underreported...

INTRODUCTION: Venous ulcers are a late and severe form of CVI and account for 70% of all etiologies that cause leg ulcers in the lower limb and they account for 20% of the 2.5 million cases complaining of chronic venous disease. Our study aims to investigate the effect of venous stenting of the deep veins on the healing of the venous ulcer. METHODS: This is a single-center, retrospective study conducted on prospectively recorded medical records of 78 patients with chronic deep venous diseases - C6 (either non-occlusive iliac venous lesion or post-thrombotic syndrome)...

May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) is caused by compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common iliac artery against the spinal column. It can range from asymptomatic or present with subtle and unspecific signs and symptoms and rarely exhibit severe complications such as pulmonary embolism (PE). The diagnosis is confirmed by typical imaging findings. Treatment may include conservative measures, anticoagulation, endovascular or even surgical options. We report the case of a 20-year-old female who presented with cardiac arrest caused by an acute massive PE...

BACKGROUND: Venous thromboembolism significantly contributes to patient deterioration and mortality. Management of its etiology and anticoagulation treatment is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive consideration of various factors, including the bleeding risk, dosage, specific anticoagulant medications, and duration of therapy. Herein, a case of lower extremity thrombosis with multiple primary malignant tumors and high risk of bleeding was reviewed to summarize the shortcomings of treatment and prudent anticoagulation experience...

OBJECTIVE: Stent intimal hyperplasia leads to in stent restenosis and thrombosis. This study determined whether Fibulin-1 activity in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contributes to stent restenosis or thrombosis. METHODS: Stent implantation was conducted in a pig model. Target vessel samples were stained and analyzed by protein mass spectrometry. Cell experiments and Fibulin-1 SMC specific knockout mice ( Fbln1 SMKO ) were used to investigate the mechanism of Fibulin-1 induced SMC proliferation and thrombosis...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term outcomes and safety of syringe-assisted test-aspiration with mechanical aspiration thrombectomy in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis. METHODS: This was a single-center, retrospective study of hospitalized patients with iliofemoral and/or inferior vena caval deep venous thrombosis, excluding those with pulmonary embolism. We collected the following patient data from the electronic medical records: age, sex, provoked/unprovoked deep venous thrombosis, symptom duration, thrombosed segments, and the presence of a tumor, thrombophilia, diabetes, and/or iliac vein compression syndrome...

<b/> Background : We aimed to study the long-term safety and efficacy of oblique venous stents for post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) with iliac vein compression. Patients and methods : In the multinational, prospective, single-arm TOPOS study, PTS patients scheduled for endovascular therapy with the sinus-Obliquus® stent and optional distal extension with the sinus-Venous® or sinus-XL Flex® stent were enrolled at eight European vascular centres between October 2016 and December 2020. The primary outcome was primary stent patency at 24 months, and secondary outcomes included the clinical course of PTS (Villalta score, revised Venous Clinical Severity Score [rVCSS], Visual Analog Scale [VAS] of pain), quality of life changes (Chronic Venous Insufficiency Quality of Life Questionnaire, CIVIQ-20), and device-related complications...

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is mainly characterized by orthostatic intolerance and positional tachycardia although it frequently involves a myriad of non-specific symptoms that seem to overlap with existing medical conditions. Recent efforts have been made to further classify subtypes of POTS and associated conditions to better delineate underlying pathophysiology in an effort to guide diagnosis and tailor treatment. Here, we present a 22-year-old female with debilitating symptoms of POTS who reported pelvic pain on review of systems and underwent vascular ultrasound of the inferior vena cava, iliac veins, and bilateral lower extremities which revealed the characteristic left common iliac vein compression of May-Thurner syndrome prompting venous stenting which provided systemic symptomatic relief...

Varicose veins of the lower extremities (VVLEs) are prevalent globally. This study aims to identify prognostic factors and develop a prediction model for recurrence survival (RS) in VVLEs patients after surgery. A retrospective analysis of VVLEs patients from the Third Hospital of Nanchang was conducted between April 2017 and March 2022. A LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) regression model pinpointed significant recurrence predictors, culminating in a prognostic nomogram. The model's performance was evaluated by C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA)...

Introduction: Iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) is present in over 20% of the population and is associated with left leg pain, swelling, and thrombosis. IVCS symptoms are thought to be induced by altered pelvic hemodynamics, however, there currently exists a knowledge gap on the hemodynamic differences between IVCS and healthy patients. To elucidate those differences, we carried out a patient-specific, computational modeling comparative study. Methods: Computed tomography and ultrasound velocity and area data were used to build and validate computational models for a cohort of IVCS (N = 4, Subject group) and control (N = 4, Control group) patients...

BACKGROUND: May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) is iliac vein compression syndrome associated with postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) resulting from chronic compression of the left iliac vein against lumbar vertebrae by the overlying right or left common iliac artery. MTS is not well known as a risk factor for DVT after total hip arthroplasty (THA). We evaluated the incidence of DVT after THA and analyzed if the MTS is a risk factor for DVT after THA. We hypothesized that MTS would be associated with an increased risk of developing DVT after THA...

OBJECTIVE: Intraluminal anomalies within the left common iliac vein, characteristic of iliac vein compression syndrome, are thought to result from compression by and pulsation of the overlying right common iliac artery. This cadaver study was designed to expand on the existing literature by surveying and photographing these spurs in addition to exploring whether certain factors, inherent to the cadaver, are associated with spur presence. METHODS: Dissection to expose the aorta, inferior vena cava, and common iliac arteries and veins was performed in 51 cadavers...

When performing stent intervention for iliac vein compression syndrome, the operator selects the appropriate stent and determines its implantation depth according to the type and severity of iliac vein stenosis in the patient. However, there is still uncertainty regarding how the structure of the stent and its implantation depth affect hemodynamics at the site of lesion. In this paper, we analyzed three commonly used stents (Vena stent from Venmedtch, Venovo from Bard, and Smart stent from Cordis) with different implantation depths (0, 10, 20 mm) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)...

BACKGROUND: In its normal anatomical relationship, the inferior vena cava is located on the right side of the abdominal aorta. Iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) is a pathological condition in which a blood clot is formed due to blood flow obstruction when the left common iliac vein is compressed between the right common iliac artery and the vertebral body. Therefore, right-sided IVCS (RIVCS) is rare. The effectiveness of treatment for RIVCS has not been sufficiently investigated...

Iliac vein stenting for the treatment of iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) has been gradually developed. This article investigated the long-term patency and improvement of clinical symptoms after endovascular stenting for iliac vein obstruction patients. From 2020 to 2022, 83 patients at a single institution with IVCS underwent venous stent implantation and were divided into two groups: non-thrombotic IVCS ( n  = 55) and thrombotic IVCS ( n  = 28). The main stent-related outcomes include technical success, long-term patency, and thrombotic events...

May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) is a rare, yet important, differential diagnosis in reproductive-age women with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It is characterized by the compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common artery against the lumbar vertebra. The condition is complicated by recurrent DVT with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Here is a case of multiparous women in early puerperium with right tubo-ovarian abscess and left lower limb DVT likely due to MTS. The diagnosis was further complicated by the presence of persistent thrombocytosis but a myeloproliferative neoplasm was ruled out by genetic mutation testing...

PURPOSE: To report a case of a patient with May-Thurner syndrome who underwent endovenous stenting and was found to have pulsating arterial compression on the venous stent. REPORT: A 74-year-old man presented with 18 months of progressive right thigh and calf edema. After an extensive work-up, the patient underwent a venogram with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), revealing compression of the right iliac vein by the external iliac artery and psoas muscle. Following stent deployment, fluoroscopy revealed extrinsic compression by an artery, but IVUS confirmed sufficient stent expansion...

BACKGROUND: Double inferior vena cava (DIVC) is a rare vascular malformation. With advances in radiological techniques and diagnosis, more and more types of DIVC were identified and diagnosed. Recognition of the variety of DIVC seen on imaging is essential for subsequent venous interventions. CASE PRESENTATION: A 77-year-old man presented with low back pain with left lower limb pain for 1 month. Scattered petechiae above the skin surface on the left lower leg, especially on the extensor surface, with flaking and mild tingling of the skin, were noted 3 weeks ago...

PURPOSE: To report technical feasibility and clinical efficacy of iliac vein stent placement in adolescent patients with May-Thurner Syndrome (MTS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Single-institution retrospective review of the medical record between 2014 and 2021 found 63 symptomatic patients (F = 40/63; mean age 16.1 years, 12-20 years) who underwent left common iliac vein (LCIV) stent placement for treatment of LCIV compression from an overriding right common iliac artery, or equivalent (n = 1, left IVC)...

May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) also known as iliac vein compression syndrome, is a congenital anatomical variant, that results from the extrinsic compression of the left common iliac vein by the right iliac artery with resultant formation of left venous thrombosis. We report a case of a young man with recurrent unprovoked left lower extremity DVT in the setting of May Thurner syndrome who required endovascular intervention and was discharged on oral anticoagulation.