antibiotic checklist

BACKGROUND: Listeriosis is a foodborne infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes. Three main forms of listeriosis are well characterised, but little is known about L monocytogenes-associated spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. We used data from the French national surveillance of listeriosis to perform a nationwide retrospective study. METHODS: All patients with L monocytogenes isolated by culture from a peritoneal fluid sample in France between April 1, 1993, and Dec 31, 2022, were included...

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a pressing global health concern, particularly pronounced in low-resource settings. In Ethiopia, the escalating prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) poses a substantial threat to public health. METHODS: A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Hinari, and Google Scholar, identified relevant studies. Inclusion criteria encompassed observational studies reporting the prevalence of meropenem-resistant P...

BACKGROUND: Best practice guidelines from the ACS recommend that patients with open fractures receive antibiotics within 1-hour of presentation. Checklists are effective mechanisms for improving safety and compliance in surgical settings. The current study investigates implementation of a trauma bay checklist, referred to as MARTY, to improve administration of antibiotics in open extremity fractures at a level I trauma center. METHODS: Retrospective pre-post design...

INTRODUCTION: Reconstitution of oral pediatric antibiotic suspension by primary caregivers plays an essential role in determining the overall health outcome of the child. Incorrect reconstitution techniques could lead to underdosing, overdosing, or introduction of infection. Underdosing could lead to non-resolving infection and antimicrobial resistance. OBJECTIVES: To assess the practice and associated factors on reconstitution of oral pediatric antibiotic suspensions (OPAS) among primary caregivers of 3-5-year-old children in a selected district in Sri Lanka...

The preoperative preparation for cesarean delivery is a multistep approach for which protocols should exist at each hospital system. These protocols should be guided by the findings of this review. The interventions reviewed and recommendations made for this review have a common goal of decreasing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality related to cesarean delivery (CD). The preoperative time period starts prior to the patient's arrival to the hospital and ends immediately prior to skin incision. Skin cleansing in addition to CDC recommendations of showering with either soap or an antiseptic solution at least the night prior to a procedure has not been shown to further decrease rates of infection...

Background Infection in orthopedic surgery is one of the most dreaded complications. It is associated with prolonged morbidity, disability, and increased mortality. One of the cornerstones of the prevention of infections is antibiotic prophylaxis. This study assessed the practice of antibiotic prophylaxis in arthroplasty surgeries in our local hospital. Methods One hundred and seventy-one elective joint replacement patients were retrospectively analyzed for documentation of antibiotic plan in postoperative instruction, choice of antibiotic, dose, and dosage...

AIM: This study aimed to quantitatively summarise risk factors associated with surgical site infection (SSI) following surgically managed tibial fractures. METHOD: We searched the Embase/Medline, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases for relevant studies in October 2023. We included original studies investigating risk factors for SSI following surgically managed traumatic tibial fractures that included ≥10 adult patients with SSIs. Meta-analysis was performed when >5 studies investigated the same risk factor...

Nepal's poultry industry has experienced remarkable growth in the last decade, but farm biosafety and biosecurity measures are often overlooked by farmers. As a result, farms often suffer from sporadic and regular outbreaks of many diseases, impacting production and creating public health challenges. Poor management practices, including overuse of antibiotics for prophylaxis and therapeutics, can enhance the spread of poultry diseases by propagating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that is threatening poultry and human health...

INTRODUCTION: Limited information on costs and the cost-effectiveness of hospital interventions to reduce antibiotic resistance (ABR) hinder efficient resource allocation. METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review for studies evaluating the costs and cost-effectiveness of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions aimed at reducing, monitoring and controlling ABR in patients. Articles published until 12 December 2023 were explored using EconLit, EMBASE and PubMed...

BACKGROUND: Charting is an essential component of professional nursing practice and is arguably a key element of patient safety in surgery: without proper, objective, and timely documentation, both benign and tragical errors can occur. From surgery on wrong patients to wrong limbs, to the omission of antibiotics administration, many harms can happen in the operating room. Documentation has thus served as a safeguard for patient safety, professional responsibility, and professional accountability...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine and evaluate interventions that improve an antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) in reduction of the amount of antibiotic use and errors in drug utilization evaluation (DUE) form completion. METHODS: A prospective quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the multifaceted interventions (preauthorization with computerized DUE, self-supervised checklists, and short active reminders of the antibiotic guidelines recommendations) incorporating an ASP among hospitalized internal medicine patients in a Thai tertiary care center...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the current organization and implementation of formalized, multidisciplinary hospital-based antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) structures in Denmark, the Faroe Islands, and Greenland. METHODS: A structured electronic questionnaire was sent to all trainees and specialists in clinical microbiology (n=207) and infectious diseases (n=260), as well as clinical pharmacists (n=20) and paediatricians (n=10) with expertise in infectious diseases. The survey had 30 multiple-choice, rating-scale, and open-ended questions based on an international consensus checklist for hospital AMS, adapted to a Danish context...

BACKGROUND: Biomonitoring-based epidemiological studies on prenatal antibiotic exposure and behavioral problems in preschoolers are lacking. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between prenatal antibiotic exposure and internalizing and externalizing problems in preschoolers. METHODS: Data from 2449 mother-child pairs were analyzed. Urine samples were repeatedly collected across three trimesters, and 43 antibiotics and 2 metabolites were measured, including preferred as veterinary antibiotics (PVAs), VAs, preferred as human antibiotics and human antibiotics...

INTRODUCTION: Aminoglycosides are vital antibiotics for treating Brucella infections, because they interfere with bacterial protein production and are often combined with other antibiotics. They are cost-effective, have fewer side effects, and can penetrate biofilms. The prevalence of brucellosis has increased in recent years, increasing the need for effective treatments. In addition, the emergence of multidrug-resistant Brucella strains has highlighted the need for an updated and comprehensive understanding of aminoglycoside resistance...

BACKGROUND: In recent decades, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is increasing in Haemophilus influenzae (Haemophilus influenzae), which poses important challenges to global health. This research offers a comprehensive meta-analysis of the global epidemiology of multi-drug resistant (MDR) H. influenzae. METHODS: In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis based on PRISMA checklist. Electronic databases including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were reviewed using keywords related to H...

BACKGROUND: Telepharmacy is the provision of pharmacy services from a distance to a patient using telecommunications and other technologies. There has been limited research investigating the cost-effectiveness of telepharmacy services. OBJECTIVE: To provide a comprehensive review and narrative synthesis of the available economic evidence on telepharmacy services in non-cancer settings. METHOD: A systematic literature search of four databases including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and EconLit was undertaken to identify economic evaluations comparing telepharmacy services to standard pharmacy care...

AIM: To explore the views of neonatal intensive care nursing staff on the deliverability of a novel genetic point-of-care test detecting a genetic variant associated with antibiotic-induced ototoxicity. DESIGN: An interpretive, descriptive, qualitative interview study. METHODS: Data were collected using semi-structured interviews undertaken between January and November 2020. Participants were neonatal intensive care nursing staff taking part in the Pharmacogenetics to Avoid Loss of Hearing trial...

BACKGROUND: Metronidazole treats obligate anaerobic bacterial and protozoal infections, with an elimination half-life of around 8 hours. The long elimination half-life, the favorable ratio of steady-state serum levels to minimum inhibitory concentration, and the presence of active metabolites have led to the consideration of metronidazole use at 12-hour dosage intervals. This systematic review aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of twice-daily and thrice-daily metronidazole dosing...

Introduction Sepsis is a preventable cause of mortality and presents challenges in triage and management. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign care bundles improve patient outcomes; however, non-compliance with guidelines, understaffing, and scarcity of training opportunities undermine care quality in resource-limited countries. We aimed to implement the sepsis hour-1 care bundle in the emergency department of a tertiary-care hospital in Pakistan and develop hospital antimicrobial guidelines. Methods The baseline assessment included a survey of knowledge and confidence in sepsis management and a retrospective audit of inpatient medical records...

BACKGROUND: Nosocomial infections are infections incubating or not present at the time of admission to a hospital and manifest 48 hours after hospital admission. The specific factors contributing to the risk of infection during hospitalization remain unclear, particularly for the hospitalized population of the United Kingdom. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic literature review was to explore the risk factors of nosocomial infections in hospitalized adult patients in the United Kingdom...