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Qin Wang, Enos C Kline, Shane D Gilligan-Steinberg, James J Lai, Ian T Hull, Ayokunle O Olanrewaju, Nuttada Panpradist, Barry R Lutz
Pathogens encapsulate or encode their own suite of enzymes to facilitate replication in the host. The pathogen-derived enzymes possess specialized activities that are essential for pathogen replication and have naturally been candidates for drug targets. Phenotypic assays detecting the activities of pathogen-derived enzymes and characterizing their inhibition under drugs offer an opportunity for pathogen detection, drug resistance testing for individual patients, and as a research tool for new drug development...
April 1, 2024: medRxiv
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth M Berrigan, Lin Wang, Hannah Carrillo, Kimberly Echegoyen, Mikayla Kappes, Jorge Torres, Angel Ai-Perreira, Erica McCoy, Emily Shane, Charles D Copeland, Lauren Ragel, Charidimos Georgousakis, Sanghwa Lee, Dawn Reynolds, Avery Talgo, Juan Gonzalez, Ling Zhang, Ashish B Rajurkar, Michel Ruiz, Erin Daniels, Liezl Maree, Shree Pariyar, Wolfgang Busch, Talmo D Pereira
Image segmentation is commonly used to estimate the location and shape of plants and their external structures. Segmentation masks are then used to localize landmarks of interest and compute other geometric features that correspond to the plant's phenotype. Despite its prevalence, segmentation-based approaches are laborious (requiring extensive annotation to train) and error-prone (derived geometric features are sensitive to instance mask integrity). Here, we present a segmentation-free approach that leverages deep learning-based landmark detection and grouping, also known as pose estimation...
2024: Plant phenomics: a science partner journal
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anamarija Jurisic, Pei-Ju Sung, Mark Wappett, Julien Daubriac, Ian T Lobb, Wei-Wei Kung, Nyree Crawford, Natalie Page, Eamon Cassidy, Stephanie Feutren-Burton, J S Shane Rountree, Matthew D Helm, Colin R O'Dowd, Richard D Kennedy, Gerald Gavory, Aaron N Cranston, Daniel B Longley, Xavier Jacq, Timothy Harrison
BACKGROUND: Understanding how to modulate the microenvironment of tumors that are resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors represents a major challenge in oncology.Here we investigate the ability of USP7 inhibitors to reprogram the tumor microenvironment (TME) by inhibiting secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from fibroblasts. METHODS: To understand the role played by USP7 in the TME, we systematically evaluated the effects of potent, selective USP7 inhibitors on co-cultures comprising components of the TME, using human primary cells...
April 2024: Clinical and Translational Medicine
#4
Joyce K Y Wu, Jessica Jia-Ni Xu, Anastasiia Vasileva, Cynthia Nohra, Matthew Binnie, Shane Shapera, Jolene H Fisher, Clodagh M Ryan, Micheal McInnis, Zoltán Hantos, Chung-Wai Chow
Oscillometry is an emerging pulmonary function testing tool that is conducted during tidal breaths with minimal patient effort. It is highly sensitive to changes in lung mechanics. Oscillometry was recently shown to be highly associated with disease severity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The usefulness of oscillometry after single lung transplant in IPF patients is not well understood. Our study demonstrated that oscillometry can detect changes in the graft despite presence of a native fibrotic lung to provide useful information to complement spirometry...
2024: Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alec L E Butenas, Joseph S Flax, Raimi J Carroll, C Shane Chuwonganant, Ashley M Baranczuk, Steven W Copp
We investigated the role played by ATP sensitive purinergic 2 (P2) receptors in evoking the pressor response to treadmill exercise in male and female rats with and without femoral arteries that were ligated for ~72 hours to induce simulated peripheral artery disease (PAD). We hypothesized that PPADS (P2 receptor antagonist, 10 mg i.v.) would reduce the pressor response to four minutes of treadmill exercise (15 m×min-1 , 1° incline) and steady-state exercise plasma norepinephrine (NE) values in male and female rats, and that the magnitude of effect of PPADS would be greater in rats with simulated PAD ("ligated") than in sham-operated rats...
March 18, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
#6
Or-Yam Revach, Angelina M Cicerchia, Ofir Shorer, Boryana Petrova, Seth Anderson, Josh Park, Lee Chen, Arnav Mehta, Samuel J Wright, Niamh McNamee, Aya Tal-Mason, Giulia Cattaneo, Payal Tiwari, Hongyan Xie, Johanna M Sweere, Li-Chun Cheng, Natalia Sigal, Elizabeth Enrico, Marisa Miljkovic, Shane A Evans, Ngan Nguyen, Mark E Whidden, Ramji Srinivasan, Matthew H Spitzer, Yi Sun, Tatyana Sharova, Aleigha Lawless, William A Michaud, Martin Q Rasmussen, Jacy Fang, Claire Palin, Feng Chen, Xinhui Wang, Cristina R Ferrone, Donald P Lawrence, Ryan J Sullivan, David Liu, Uma M Sachdeva, Debattama R Sen, Keith T Flaherty, Robert T Manguso, Lloyd Bod, Manolis Kellis, Genevieve M Boland, Keren Yizhak, Jiekun Yang, Naama Kanarek, Moshe Sade-Feldman, Nir Hacohen, Russell W Jenkins
A central problem in cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is the development of resistance, which affects 50% of patients with metastatic melanoma. T cell exhaustion, resulting from chronic antigen exposure in the tumour microenvironment, is a major driver of ICB resistance. Here, we show that CD38, an ecto-enzyme involved in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) catabolism, is highly expressed in exhausted CD8+ T cells in melanoma and is associated with ICB resistance. Tumour-derived CD38hiCD8+ T cells are dysfunctional, characterised by impaired proliferative capacity, effector function, and dysregulated mitochondrial bioenergetics...
February 17, 2024: bioRxiv
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dimas Trio Putro, Cheng-Shane Chu
The coaxial electrospinning method is widely used in a wide range of applications, including medical devices and sensing technology. This study proposes a novel optical dual sensor for simultaneous detection of oxygen (O2 ) and ammonia (NH3 ) based on coaxial electrospinning method to produce core-shell fiber membrane doped fluorescent dyes. The O2 (core) and NH3 (shell) sensitive dye membranes were successfully fabricated using coaxial electrospinning method by dissolving a polymer matrix, cellulose acetate (CA), with platinum (II) meso-tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin (PtTFPP) and Eosin-Y, respectively...
February 29, 2024: Heliyon
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shane G Carr, Jacob C Clifton, Robert E Freundlich, Leslie C Fowler, Edward R Sherwood, Matthew D McEvoy, Amy Robertson, Brent A Dunworth, Karen Y McCarthy, Matthew S Shotwell, Miklos D Kertai
BACKGROUND: We assessed the association between education-based interventions, the frequency of train-of-four (TOF) monitoring, and postoperative outcomes. METHODS: We studied adults undergoing noncardiac surgery from February 1, 2020 through October 31, 2021. Our education-based interventions consisted of 3 phases. An interrupted time-series analysis, adjusting for patient- and procedure-related characteristics and secular trends over time, was used to assess the associations between education-based interventions and the frequency of TOF monitoring, postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), 90-day mortality, and sugammadex dosage...
March 1, 2024: Anesthesia and Analgesia
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shane L Rogers, Lon Van Winkle, Nicole Michels, Cherie Lucas, Hassan Ziada, Eduardo Jorge Da Silva, Amit Jotangia, Sebastian Gabrielsson, Silje Gustafsson, Lynn Priddis
BACKGROUND: This article provides an update of the Reflective Practice Questionnaire (RPQ). The original RPQ consisted of 40-items with 10-sub-scales. In this article, the RPQ is streamlined into a 10-item single reflective practice construct, and a 30-item extended version that includes additional sub-scales of confidence, uncertainty/stress, and work satisfaction. METHODS: A total of 501 university students filled out an online questionnaire that contained the original Reflective Practice Questionnaire, and two general measures of reflection: The Self-Reflection and Insight Scale, and the Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire...
2024: PeerJ
#10
Laura A Vella, Amalia Z Berna, Allison M Blatz, Joey Logan, Priya Sharma, Yang Liu, Jonathan Tedesco, Cara Toland, Leena Babiker, Kathryn Hafertepe, Shane Kammerman, Josef Novacek, Elikplim Akaho, Alexander K Gonzalez, Deanne Taylor, Caroline Diorio, Fran Balamuth, Hamid Bassiri, Audrey R Odom John
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Childhood (MIS-C) follows SARS-CoV-2 infection and frequently leads to intensive care unit admission. The inability to rapidly discriminate MIS-C from similar febrile illnesses delays treatment and leads to misdiagnosis. To identify diagnostic discriminators at the time of emergency department presentation, we enrolled 104 children who met MIS-C screening criteria, 14 of whom were eventually diagnosed with MIS-C. Before treatment, we collected breath samples for volatiles and peripheral blood for measurement of plasma proteins and immune cell features...
January 15, 2024: medRxiv
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyle Paret, Hadi Beyhaghi, William L Herring, Josephine Mauskopf, Lesley G Shane, Matthew D Rousculp
Policymakers in the United States (US) recommend coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination with a monovalent 2023-2024 vaccine formulation based on the Omicron XBB.1.5 variant. We estimated the potential US population-level health and economic impacts of increased COVID-19 vaccine coverage that might be expected with the availability of a protein-based vaccine with simpler storage requirements in addition to messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines. A Markov model was developed to estimate 1-year COVID-19-related costs, cases, hospitalizations, and deaths with and without the availability of a protein-based vaccine option...
January 12, 2024: Vaccines
#12
Aubrie M Stricker, M Shane Hutson, Andrea Page-McCaw
Basement membranes are sheets of extracellular matrix separating tissue layers and providing mechanical support. Their mechanical properties are determined largely by their most abundant protein, Collagen IV (Col4). Although basement membranes are repaired after damage, little is known about how. To wit, since basement membrane is extracellular it is unknown how damage is detected, and since Col4 is long-lived it is unknown how it is regulated to avoid fibrosis. Using the basement membrane of the adult Drosophila midgut as a model, we show that repair is distinct from maintenance...
December 23, 2023: bioRxiv
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
May Ye Mon, Obiora Ufondu, Shanee Mortley, Roni J Bollag, Gurmukh Singh
BACKGROUND: Examination of urine by immunofixation electrophoresis (UIFE) is one of the tests recommended for screening and monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies, especially multiple myeloma. Unlike the serum free light chain measurement, a positive result on urine immunofixation is diagnostic for monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains. Urine is usually concentrated, generally by membrane filtration, prior to electrophoresis. METHODS: Alternative methods to membrane filtration for urine concentration were examined...
January 5, 2024: Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jesse A Michael, Reuben S E Young, Rachelle Balez, Lachlan J Jekimovs, David L Marshall, Berwyck L J Poad, Todd W Mitchell, Stephen J Blanksby, Christer S Ejsing, Shane R Ellis
In recent years there has been a significant interest in the development of innovative lipidomics techniques capable of resolving lipid isomers. To date, methods applied to resolving sn-isomers have resolved only a limited number of species. We report a workflow based on ozone-induced dissociation for untargeted characterisation of hundreds of sn-resolved glycerophospholipid isomers from biological extracts in under 20 minutes, coupled with an automated data analysis pipeline. It provides an order of magnitude increase over the number of sn-isomer pairs identified compared to previous reports and reveals that sn-isomer populations are tightly regulated and significantly different between cell lines...
January 2, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alison Neef, Babu Kanti Nath, Tridip Das, Daniel Luque, Jade K Forwood, Shane R Raidal, Shubhagata Das
Canine circovirus (CanineCV) is an emerging pathogen in domestic dogs, detected in multiple countries in association with varying clinical and pathological presentations including diarrhoea, vasculitis, granulomatous inflammation, and respiratory signs. Understanding the pathology of CanineCV is confounded by the fact that it has been detected in asymptomatic dogs as well as in diseased dogs concurrently infected with known pathogens. Recombinantly expressed self-assembling Virus-like particles (VLPs) lack viral genomic material but imitate the capsid surface conformations of wild type virion, allowing arrays of biological applications including subunit vaccine development and immunodiagnostics...
January 2, 2024: Veterinary Research Communications
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megan K Nims, Elizabeth H Denis, Garret L Hart, Nancy M Escobedo, Shannon E Murphy, R Shane Addleman, Igor Novosselov, Robert G Ewing
Vapor detection is a noncontact sampling method, which is a less invasive means of explosives screening than physical swiping. Explosive vapor detection is a challenge due to the low levels of vapors available for detection. This study demonstrates that the parts-per-quadrillion sensitivity of atmospheric flow tube-mass spectrometry (AFT-MS) combined with a high-volume air sampler enables standoff detection of trace explosives vapor at distances of centimeters to meters. Standoff detection of explosives vapor was possible both upstream and downstream of the vapor source relative to room air currents...
December 16, 2023: Talanta
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teryl K Nuckols, Carl T Berdahl, Andrew J Henreid, Jeffrey L Schnipper, Asad Rauf, EunJi M Ko, An T Nguyen, Zoe Co, John Fanikos, Ji-Hyun Kim, Donna W Leang, Lina Matta, Kathleen Mulligan, Avik Ray, Rita Shane, Kirollos Wassef, Joshua M Pevnick
Optimal medication management is important during hospitalization and at discharge because post-discharge adverse drug events (ADEs) are common, often preventable, and contribute to patient harms, healthcare utilization, and costs. Conduct a cost analysis of a comprehensive pharmacist-led transitions-of-care medication management intervention for older adults during and after hospital discharge. Twelve intervention components addressed medication reconciliation, medication review, and medication adherence. Trained, experienced pharmacists delivered the intervention to older adults with chronic comorbidities at 2 large U...
2023: Inquiry: a Journal of Medical Care Organization, Provision and Financing
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shane M Mudrinich, Minh Ly T Nguyen, Danielle M Blemur, Xinzhu Wang, Yun F Wang, Uma Krishnamurti, Marina Mosunjac, Lisa C Flowers
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate high-risk human papillomavirus testing (hrHPV) as an alternative for anal cytology in screening for high-grade anal neoplasia (AIN2-3) among males with HIV. To identify predictive risk factors for AIN2-3 and develop a clinical tool to triage males with HIV for high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) without cytology. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of 199 adult cisgender men and transgender women with HIV referred to an anal neoplasia clinic in the Southeastern United States between January 2018 and March 2021...
January 1, 2024: Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas M Mohr, Tracy Young, J Priyanka Vakkalanka, Knute D Carter, Dan M Shane, Fred Ullrich, Allison R Schuette, Luke J Mack, Katie DeJong, Amanda Bell, Mark Pals, Carlos A Camargo, Kori S Zachrison, Krislyn M Boggs, Adam Skibbe, Marcia M Ward
BACKGROUND: Telehealth has been proposed as one strategy to improve the quality of time-sensitive sepsis care in rural emergency departments (EDs). The purpose of this study was to measure the association between telehealth-supplemented ED (tele-ED) care, health care costs, and clinical outcomes among patients with sepsis in rural EDs. METHODS: Cohort study using Medicare fee-for-service claims data for beneficiaries treated for sepsis in rural EDs between February 1, 2017, and September 30, 2019...
April 2024: Academic Emergency Medicine
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Shane Wright, Anupama Nayak Manel, Michelle Guachamin-Rosero, Pamela Chamba-Vaca, Caroline Nicole Bacquet, Richard M Merrill
Heliconius butterflies are well-known for their colourful wing patterns, which advertise distastefulness to potential predators and are used during mate choice. However, the relative importance of different aspects of these signals will depend on the visual abilities of Heliconius and their predators. Previous studies have investigated colour sensitivity and neural anatomy, but visual acuity (the ability to perceive detail) has not been studied in these butterflies. Here, we provide the first estimate of visual acuity in Heliconius : from a behavioural optomotor assay, we found that mean visual acuity = 0...
December 2023: Biology Letters
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