keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536657/increased-risk-of-erythrocytosis-in-men-with-type-2-diabetes-treated-with-combined-sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2-inhibitor-and-testosterone-replacement-therapy
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A R Gosmanov, D E Gemoets, K A Schumacher
PURPOSE: In clinical trials, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) were shown to stimulate red blood cell production. Little is known if combination therapy poses risk of erythrocytosis in real world clinical practice. METHODS: This was a retrospective nationwide cohort study of US Veterans with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and baseline hematocrit between 38 and 50% who were prescribed SGLT-2i and/or TRT between 3/2013 and 10/2022 and had adequate adherence based on the proportion of days covered > 80%...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536631/the-importance-of-biomarker-testing-in-the-treatment-of-advanced-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-a-podcast
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fred R Hirsch, Chul Kim
The identification of actionable biomarkers and development of targeted therapies have revolutionized the field of lung cancer treatment. In patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), biomarker testing can inform selection of effective targeted therapies as well as avoid therapies that are less likely to be effective in certain populations. A growing number of actionable targets, including those involving EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, MET, KRAS, NTRK, RET, HER2, and PD-L1, can be identified with biomarker testing...
March 27, 2024: Oncology and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536578/the-role-of-macrophages-in-lung-fibrosis-and-the-signaling-pathway
#3
REVIEW
Xingmei Wang, Jiaxu Zhou, Xinrui Li, Chang Liu, Lan Liu, Hong Cui
Lung fibrosis is a dysregulated repair process caused by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix that can severely affect respiratory function. Macrophages are a group of immune cells that have multiple functions and can perform a variety of roles. Lung fibrosis develops with the involvement of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors secreted by macrophages. The balance between M1 and M2 macrophages has been proposed to play a role in determining the trend and severity of lung fibrosis. New avenues and concepts for preventing and treating lung fibrosis have emerged in recent years through research on mitochondria, Gab proteins, and exosomes...
March 27, 2024: Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536458/scabies-in-infants-and-children-a-narrative-review
#4
REVIEW
Anca E Chiriac, Adriana Diaconeasa, Raluca Miulescu, Uwe Wollina
Scabies is a human ectoparasitosis caused by Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis. World-wide around 300 million patients are affected. Infants and children have the highest incidence rates. Poverty and overcrowding are social factors contributing to a higher risk of transmission and treatment failure. The leading symptom of the infestation is itch. Complications are bacterial infections that are responsible for mortality. Diagnosis is clinical. Non-invasive imaging technologies like dermoscopy can be used. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is less sensitive and specific than microscopy of skin scrapings...
March 27, 2024: European Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535577/-staphylococcus-capitis-central-line-associated-bloodstream-infections-in-the-neonatal-intensive-care-unit-a-single-center-four-year-experience-in-central-line-management-during-sepsis-treatment
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Sala, Valentina Pivetti, Alessandra Vittorini, Claudia Viggiano, Francesca Castoldi, Valentina Fabiano, Gianluca Lista, Francesco Cavigioli
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are reportedly responsible for 50-60% of bloodstream infections in very preterm (<1500 g) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Staphylococcus capitis is an increasingly prevalent pathogen in the neonatal setting, frequently causing central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) that can be difficult to eradicate. Central venous catheter (CVC) removal versus in situ treatment with CoNS CLABSIs is a controversial treatment strategy with no clear consensus...
March 7, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535051/the-role-and-value-of-professional-rapid-testing-of-acute-respiratory-infections-aris-in-europe-a-special-focus-on-the-czech-republic-poland-and-romania
#6
REVIEW
Pavel Drevinek, Robert Flisiak, Roxana Nemes, Katya A Nogales Crespo, Krzysztof Tomasiewicz
This review aims to explore the role of professional diagnostic rapid testing of acute respiratory infections (ARIs), especially COVID-19 and influenza, ensuring proper disease management and treatment in Europe, and particularly in Czech Republic, Poland, and Romania. The paper was constructed based on a review of scientific evidence and national and international policies and recommendations, as well as a process of validation by four experts. The development of new testing technologies, treatment options, and increased awareness of the negative multidimensional impact of ARI profiles transformed differential diagnosis into a tangible and desirable reality...
March 16, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534820/biomimicking-atherosclerotic-vessels-a-relevant-and-yet-sub-explored-topic
#7
REVIEW
Joana Henriques, Ana M Amaro, Ana P Piedade
Atherosclerosis represents the etiologic source of several cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accidents, and peripheral artery disease, which remain the leading cause of mortality in the world. Numerous strategies are being delineated to revert the non-optimal projections of the World Health Organization, by both designing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches or improving the interventional procedures performed by physicians. Deeply understanding the pathological process of atherosclerosis is, therefore, mandatory to accomplish improved results in these trials...
February 23, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534198/burden-of-disease-and-treatment-patterns-amongst-patients-with-vitiligo-findings-from-a-national-longitudinal-retrospective-study-in-the-united-kingdom
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Viktoria Eleftheriadou, Carine Delattre, Shala Chetty-Mhlanga, Christopher Lee, Laura Girardat-Rotar, Iftekhar Khan, Amit Mathew, Andrew R Thompson
This retrospective study, using UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics databases, analysed 17,239 incident patients with vitiligo. Mean incidence of vitiligo was 0.16 (2010-2021) per 1000 person-years (range: 0.10 [2010-COVID] to 0.19 [2013/2018]); prevalence increased from 0.21% (2010) to 0.38% (2021). The most common comorbidities recorded after vitiligo diagnosis were diabetes (19.4%), eczema (8.9%), thyroid disease (7.5%), and rheumatoid arthritis (6.9%). Mental health diagnoses recorded at any time were most commonly depression and/or anxiety (24...
March 27, 2024: British Journal of Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534081/trends-and-insights-review-nerve-procedures-in-the-management-of-upper-limb-spasticity
#9
REVIEW
Caroline Leclercq, Patrick Mertens
This article reviews the recent advances or nerve-oriented surgical procedures in the treatment of the spastic upper limb. The idea to intervene on the nerve is not recent, but new trends have developed in nerve surgery over the past few years, stimulating experiments and research. Specific surgical procedures involving the nerves have been described at different levels from proximal to distal: at the cervical spinal cord and the dorsal root entry zone (rhizotomy), at the level of the roots (contralateral C7 transfer) or in the peripheral nerve, within the motor trunk (selective neurectomy) or as its branches penetrate the muscles (hyperselective neurectomy)...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534000/microwave-coagulation-for-liver-metastases
#10
REVIEW
Dawid Storman, Mateusz J Swierz, Jerzy W Mitus, Michal Pedziwiatr, Ning Liang, Robert Wolff, Malgorzata M Bala
BACKGROUND: Liver metastases (i.e. secondary hepatic malignancies) are significantly more common than primary liver cancer. Long-term survival after radical surgical treatment is approximately 50%. For people in whom resection for cure is not feasible, other treatments must be considered. One treatment option is microwave coagulation utilising electromagnetic waves. It involves placing an electrode into a lesion under ultrasound or computed tomography guidance. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the beneficial and harmful effects of microwave coagulation versus no intervention, other ablation methods, or systemic treatments in people with liver metastases regardless of the location of the primary tumour...
March 27, 2024: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533994/mobile-phone-text-messaging-for-medication-adherence-in-secondary-prevention-of-cardiovascular-disease
#11
REVIEW
Julie Redfern, Qiang Tu, Karice Hyun, Matthew A Hollings, Nashid Hafiz, Clara Zwack, Caroline Free, Pablo Perel, Clara K Chow
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, accounting for almost 18 million deaths annually. People with CVDs have a five times greater chance of suffering a recurrent cardiovascular event than people without known CVDs. Although drug interventions have been shown to be cost-effective in reducing the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events, adherence to medication remains suboptimal. As a scalable and cost-effective approach, mobile phone text messaging presents an opportunity to convey health information, deliver electronic reminders, and encourage behaviour change...
March 27, 2024: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533823/emulgel-based-on-fish-skin-collagen-microalgae-silver-increased-neovascularization-and-re-epithelialization-of-full-thickness-burn-in-rats
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francisco Fábio Pereira de Souza, Igor Iuco Castro-Silva, Fábia Karine Andrade, Adriano Lincoln Albuquerque Mattos, Mirrael de Sousa Lopes, Wallady da Silva Barroso, Bartolomeu Warlene Silva de Souza, Men de Sá Moreira de Souza-Filho, André Luis Coelho da Silva
Deep skin burn represents a global morbidity and mortality problem, and the limitation of topical treatment agents has motivated research to development new formulations capable of preventing infections and accelerating healing. The aim of this work was to develop and characterize an emulgel based on collagen (COL) and gelatin (GEL) extracted from fish skin associated with Chlorella vulgaris extract (CE) and silver nitrate (AgNO3 ). COL and GEL were characterized by physicochemical and thermal analyses; and CE by electrophoresis and its antioxidant capacity...
April 2024: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533690/ph-eur-testing-for-histamine-and-depressor-substances-using-guinea-pigs-and-cats-the-end-of-an-era-strategy-for-removal-of-animal-tests-for-histamine-and-depressor-substances-and-their-vestiges-from-the-ph-eur
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Bratos, O Kolaj-Robin, M Antoni, E Charton
For more than 50 years, in vivo assays have been used for testing pharmaceutical product safety due to their assumed ability to broadly detect potential unidentified contaminants. As part of these in vivo tests, the animal tests for depressor substances and histamine have been described in the European Pharmacopoeia since its first edition in 1977. Both tests measure the effect of histamine and histamine-like substances, using guinea-pigs and cats respectively. In 2024, the Histamine (2.6.10) general chapter is referenced in the Production section of four monographs and 10 monographs have variations of a sentence on designing the manufacturing process to eliminate or minimise substances lowering blood pressure in this same section, without referencing the chapter...
2024: Pharmeuropa Bio & Scientific Notes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533390/a-patient-centered-documentation-skills-curriculum-for-preclerkship-medical-students-in-an-open-notes-era
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathleen Eng, Katherine Johnston, Ivo Cerda, Kushal Kadakia, Alison Mosier-Mills, Anita Vanka
INTRODUCTION: New legislation allows patients (with permitted exceptions) to read their clinical notes, leading to both benefits and ethical dilemmas. Medical students need a robust curriculum to learn documentation skills within this challenging context. We aimed to teach note-writing skills through a patient-centered lens with special consideration for the impact on patients and providers. We developed this session for first-year medical students within their foundational clinical skills course to place bias-free language at the forefront of how they learn to construct a medical note...
2024: MedEdPORTAL Publications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533268/unified-and-vector-theory-of-raman-scattering-in-gas-filled-hollow-core-fiber-across-temporal-regimes
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi-Hao Chen, Frank Wise
Raman scattering has found renewed interest owing to the development of gas-filled hollow-core fibers, which constitute a unique platform for exploration of novel ultrafast nonlinear phenomena beyond conventional solid-core-fiber and free-space systems. Much progress has been made through models for particular interaction regimes, which are delineated by the relation of the excitation pulse duration to the time scales of the Raman response. However, current experimental settings are not limited to one regime, prompting the need for tools spanning multiple regimes...
March 1, 2024: APL photonics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533156/bidirectional-abo-mismatch-is-associated-with-elevated-mortality-in-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation-insights-from-a-single-center-experience
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sidika Gülkan Özkan, Ali Kimiaei, Seyedehtina Safaei, Arif Ataberk Büyükyatıkçı, Meral Sönmezoğlu, Hasan Atilla Özkan
Background Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a promising therapy for various disorders and provides new opportunities for patients. ABO incompatibility in allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT) remains a topic of debate because of its potential impact on clinical outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the survival outcomes of patients who underwent ABO-incompatible HSCT and evaluate the occurrence of pure red cell aplasia. Methods This retrospective study included 20 patients who underwent ABO-incompatible HSCT...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533119/on-data-benchmarking-and-verification-of-discrete-granular-simulations
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jose Salomon, Catherine O'Sullivan, Fernando Patino-Ramirez
Since the seminal work of Cundall and Strack (1979), the Discrete Element Method (DEM) has now become accepted as a key tool amongst researchers exploring the fundamental behavior of granular materials. Along with a sustained increase in the number of publications documenting use of DEM in research, intensive development of new open-source and commercial DEM codes has taken place in the last decades. The credibility of these software packages depends on their capacity to replicate physical observations and to reproduce theoretical expressions...
April 2024: Data in Brief
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532903/exploring-refugees-experience-of-accessing-dental-health-services-in-host-countries-a-scoping-review
#18
REVIEW
Elaf Asfari, Andrea Rodriguez, Arek Dakessian, Siyang Yuan
INTRODUCTION: Refugees often face worse oral health outcomes, such as periodontal diseases and dental caries in host countries due to barriers including language and cultural differences, institutional discrimination, and restricted use of dental health services. This scoping review aims to map and summarise the available studies on refugees' experience of accessing dental health services in the host countries, to identify the main characteristics of the dental health services that refugees access and to explore the barriers and enablers to navigate the dental health service system in their host countries...
2024: Front Oral Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532488/clinical-statistical-analysis-plan-for-the-accure-trial-the-effect-of-appendectomy-on-the-clinical-course-of-ulcerative-colitis-a-randomised-international-multicentre-trial
#19
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Eva Visser, Lianne Heuthorst, Shri Pathmakanthan, Willem A Bemelman, Geert R D'Haens, Kelly Handley, Apostolos Fakis, Thomas D Pinkney, Christianne J Buskens, Marcel G W Dijkgraaf
BACKGROUND: The primary treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is medical therapy using a standard step-up approach. An appendectomy might modulate the clinical course of UC, decreasing the incidence of relapses and reducing need for medication. The objective of the ACCURE trial is to assess the efficacy of laparoscopic appendectomy in addition to standard medical treatment in maintaining remission in UC patients. This article presents the statistical analysis plan to evaluate the outcomes of the ACCURE trial...
March 26, 2024: Trials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532429/continuous-training-based-on-the-needs-of-operating-room-nurses-using-web-application-a-new-approach-to-improve-their-knowledge
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R Khorammakan, S H Roudbari, A Omid, V S Anoosheh, A N Arabkhazaei, A Z Arabkhazaei, J Khalili, H Belyad Chaldashti, A Ghadami
INTRODUCTION: Since university education and intensive and limited pre-service training do not provide an acceptable level of performing the duties of operating room nurses, and considering the limitations of traditional training methods in the field of operating room; This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of using the electronic education approach based on web application, leveled, personalized and based on the needs of nurses on their level of knowledge and satisfaction...
March 26, 2024: BMC Medical Education
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