Hawaii thoracic

This case is a unique pediatric presentation of a surfer's myelopathy, now referred to as acute hyperextension-induced myelopathy (AHIM), that provides an optimistic rehabilitation outcome. A 13-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with back pain, paraplegia, urinary retention, and dysesthesia following his first surfing lesson while visiting Hawaii. MRI of the thoracic spine without contrast showed a significant T2 hyperintense signal in the T9-T12 distal thoracic cord, consistent with AHIM. He completed a 10-day inpatient rehabilitation program and experienced exceptional improvement in functional mobility...

BACKGROUND: In 2018, influenza and pneumonia was the 8th leading cause of death in the United States (US). Since 1950, non-Hispanic blacks (NHB) have experienced higher rates of mortality than non-Hispanic whites (NHW). Previous studies revealed geographic variation in mortality rates by race. The identification of areas with the greatest disparity in influenza and pneumonia mortality may assist policy makers in the allocation of resources including for the COVID-19 pandemic. RESEARCH QUESTION: Does geographic variation in racial disparity in influenza and pneumonia mortality exist? STUDY DESIGN: and Methods: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) database for multiple cause of death between 1999-2018 for NHB and NHW decedents aged ≥ 25 years with an ICD-10 code for influenza (J09-J11) and pneumonia (J12-J18) was used...

A new genus and species of Hawaiian sabellid polychaete, Euchonoides moeone n. gen. et n. sp. is described. This new species has consistently been one of the most abundant polychaetes collected in Mamala Bay, Hawaii, reaching densities of 141,046 ind. m-2 and representing up to 30.6% of all polychaetes collected in that region. The species has a small body (~2 mm length) with a reduced number of abdominal chaetigers (8-10), and is distinguished by the presence of the following features: 1) three pairs of radioles; 2) radiolar skeleton with two longitudinal rows of cells from radiole base to third proximal pair of pinnules, remainder of each radiole skeleton with single rows of cells; 3) pinnules unpaired, alternating (snowflake arrangement); 4) thoracic uncini acicular with a large tooth above the main fang followed by a series of small ones; 5) thoracic chaetiger 3 enlarged; 6) a wide belt on third abdominal chaetiger; and 7) a pre-pygidial depression composed of three chaetigers, with lateral wings, among a combination of several others features...

The wild pig population on Molokai, Hawaii, USA is a possible reservoir for bovine tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium bovis , and has been implicated in decades past as the source of disease for the island's domestic cattle. Heat-inactivated vaccines have been effective for reducing disease prevalence in wild boar in Spain and could prove useful for managing M. bovis in Molokai wild pigs. We designed an experiment to test this vaccine in wild pigs of Molokai genetics. Fifteen 3-4-month-old pigs were orally administered 106 -107 colony forming units (cfu) of heat-inactivated M...

Several collections of magelonids from Easter Island, Guam in the Mariana Islands and Hawaii were examined. Five magelonids are fully described and illustrated: Magelona anuheone sp. nov. (Easter Island), M. cf. symmetrica Mortimer Mackie, 2006 (Guam), M. alexandrae sp. nov. (Hawaii), M. cinthyae sp. nov. (Hawaii) and M. paulolanai sp. nov. (Hawaii and Guam). Magelona anuheone sp. nov. has a distinctly longer than wide prostomium with inflated and well-developed prostomial horns, similar to M. montera from the Indian Ocean...

BACKGROUND: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) causes progressive respiratory muscle weakness and decline in function, which can go undetected without monitoring. DMD respiratory care guidelines recommend scheduled respiratory assessments and use of respiratory assist devices. To determine the extent of adherence to these guidelines, we evaluated respiratory assessments and interventions among males with DMD in the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network (MD STARnet) from 2000 to 2011...

Fauveliopsid polychaetes have been collected at dredge disposal sites off Honolulu from 397-507 m depth. We report and describe the first Pacific record of Laubieriopsis cf. cabiochi (Amoureux, 1982), originally described from the North Atlantic. A new species, Laubieriopsis petersenae, n. sp. is described as being the species in the genus with the lowest number of body segments (15). Other distinctive features are the presence of bidentate aciculars on thoracic chaetigers, and unpaired genital papilla present on the right side of chaetiger 6/7...

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of non-atherosclerotic coronary artery aneurysms and, less commonly, peripheral artery aneurysms. We report an 81-year-old Japanese man from Hawaii with a history of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, bilateral iliac aneurysms, and an ambiguous right atrial cystic mass. The patient developed new-onset atrial fibrillation during lithotripsy. Angiography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed giant coronary artery aneurysms of the right coronary artery (RCA) and left anterior descending artery, and a thoracic aortic aneurysm...

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OBJECTIVE: We report the clinical characteristics of the largest series of nontraumatic spinal cord injury in novice surfers (surfers' myelopathy). METHODS: A retrospective review of the electronic medical record was performed in patients with nontraumatic spinal cord injury associated with surfing identified upon admission to the largest tertiary referral hospital in Hawaii from June 2002 to November 2011. Classification by the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) was performed upon admission and at follow-up...

The difficulty of directly observing predatory events hinders a complete understanding of how predation structures food webs. Indirect approaches such as PCR-based and isotopic analyses clarify patterns of resource consumption but fail to distinguish predation from scavenging. Given that facultative scavenging is a ubiquitous and phylogenetically widespread foraging strategy, an improved ability to discriminate prey from carrion is needed to enhance an understanding of the demographic effects of consumption and the true nature of trophic interactions...

BACKGROUND: Community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus (CA-SA) infections are common among pediatric patients in Hawaii. OBJECTIVE: We wanted to characterize the radiological features of methicillin-susceptible (CA-MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (CA-MRSA) staphylococcal pneumonia in Hawaiian children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records and imaging studies of children with SA pneumonia identified from 1996 through 2007...

BACKGROUND: Morinda citrifolia (Noni) is an edible plant with wide range of medicinal uses. It occurs exclusively in tropical climate zone from India through Southeast Asia and Australia to Eastern Polynesia and Hawaii. The objective of this study was to explore the possible mode(s) of action for its antispasmodic, vasodilator and cardio-suppressant effects to rationalize its medicinal use in gut and cardiovascular disorders. METHODS: Isolated tissue preparations such as, rabbit jejunum, rat and rabbit aorta and guinea pig atria were used to test the antispasmodic and cardiovascular relaxant effects and the possible mode of action(s) of the 70% aqueous-ethanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia roots (Mc...

As part of a larger study, the aortic arch and its branches were removed en bloc at autopsy from men of Japanese ancestry born in Hawaii. Of the 193 arterial trees examined, 182 (94.3%) had a typical branching pattern (e.g., brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, and left subclavian arteries, in that order). Two specimens had only two branches arising from the aortic arch, a common trunk uniting the brachiocephalic and left common carotid arteries and a left subclavian artery. Nine individuals (4.6%) had four branches off the aortic arch; in eight of these cases (4...

The performance improvement department at The Queen's Medical Center (QMC) in Honolulu, has been monitoring the outcomes of cardiovascular interventional procedures and cardiothoracic surgical procedures. By using an institution-wide database as well as participating in national cardiac databases, a set of clinical indicators is tracked, and quarterly reports are provided to the cardiovascular medicine (CV) and thoracic and cardiovascular surgery (TCV) services. After reviewing the data, a combined CV/TCV/anesthesia morbidity and mortality committee meets monthly to further evaluate the data, review cases, and formulate action plans based upon the findings...

Women with prevalent fractures have an increased risk of developing additional, incident fractures. This article examines the relation between the location of prevalent fractures within the spine and the risk of subsequent vertebral fractures. The subjects were 721 Japanese-American women of mean age 69.5 +/- 5.3 (SD) years. For the analyses, the spine was categorized into three regions: an upper region, vertebrae T3-11; a middle region, vertebrae T-12 and L-1; and a lower region, vertebrae L2-5. Initial analyses were limited to women with, at most, one prevalent fracture...

OBJECTIVE: To identify lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical characteristics associated with pulmonary function in elderly men. DESIGN: Cross-sectional population-based study. PARTICIPANTS: Japanese-American men (n=3,111) aged 71 to 93 years, who completed spirometry at the fourth examination of the Honolulu Heart Program (1991 to 1993). METHODS: Pulmonary function measurements (FEV1 and FVC) were obtained using American Thoracic Society guidelines...

Age-adjusted prevalence of vertebral fracture has been reported to be higher among native Japanese women than among women of Japanese descent living in Hawaii. In this cross-sectional population-based study, we examined a variety of potential risk factors for associations with prevalent vertebral fractures and investigated whether these factors could explain the difference in vertebral fracture prevalence between native Japanese and Japanese-American women. Spine radiographs and data on spine bone mineral density (BMD) and other potential risk factors were collected among 802 Japanese women aged 50-88 years living in Hiroshima and 840 Japanese-American women aged 52-88 years living in Hawaii...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Anthropometric measurements and pulmonary function (volumes, flows, and flow-volume curves) were evaluated in a community study of 59 male and 59 female, nonsmoking, healthy Japanese-American volunteers uniformly distributed in decades from 20 to 80 years. A control group of 36 Caucasians was similarly constituted. One technologist performed all tests. Techniques and equipment matched American Thoracic Society recommendations. A cohort effect was demonstrated for anthropometric measurements in the Japanese-Americans...