curcumin, piperine

SCOPE: Turmeric is a top selling dietary supplement (DS) in the United States with rapidly expanding usage. Therefore, turmeric DS formulations available for sale in an urban US retail marketplace were analyzed, and point of sale information was related to measures of quality relevant to safety. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighty-seven unique turmeric DS were identified; a majority (94%) contained turmeric-derived curcuminoid extracts (TD-CE), which were combined with other bioactives in 47% of products, including piperine (24%), an additive that could alter the metabolism of concurrent medications...

Persistent activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is linked to sustained inflammation and progression of colorectal cancer. Widely available dietary phenolics, curcumin and piperine are purported to have antiinflammatory and anticarcinogenic activities through yet-to-be-delineated multitarget mechanisms. Piperine is also known to increase the bioavailability of dietary components, including curcumin. The objective of the study was to determine whether curcumin and piperine have individual and combined effects in the setting of gut inflammation by regulating mTORC1 in human intestinal epithelial cells...

According to the Alzheimer Association Report (2017), Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the 6th primary cause of death in the USA, which affects nearly 5.5 million people. In the year 2017 itself, the cost of AD treatment in the USA has been reported to rise to $259 billion. This statistic shows the severity of the disease in the USA which is very much similar across the globe. On the other hand, the treatment remains limited to a few conventional oral medications (approved by FDA). These are mainly acting superficially from mild to the moderate AD...

Curcumin as the active compound of turmeric has antioxidative, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer properties among others. However, its disadvantageous properties like low solubility, poor bioavailability and rapid degradation under neutral or alkaline pH conditions or when exposed to light limit its clinical application. These problems can be solved by a smart combination of using a natural enhancer like piperine and preparing nanoparticles by a proper method like electrospray. Due to these facts it was aimed in this study to develop curcumin and piperine loaded zein-chitosan nanoparticles step by step...

Background: Dietary bioactive compounds capable of improving metabolic profiles would be of great value, especially for overweight individuals undergoing a caloric restriction (CR) regimen. Curcumin (Cur), a possible anti-obesity compound, and piperine (Pip), a plausible enhancer of Cur's bioavailability and efficacy, may be candidate agents for controlling body fat, metabolism and low grade inflammation. Methods: 47 eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 23 weeks to induce obesity...

OBJECTIVE: Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol derived from tumeric that has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties with effects on adipokine and ghrelin levels. Adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin modulate energy homeostasis but each has modulatory effects on inflammatory cytokines and the immune system. Therefore, this analysis was performed to investigate the effect of curcumin on adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin. METHOD: A double blind randomised control trial comparing curcumin 1000mg with 10mg of piperine daily to placebo over a 12 week period...

The computational development of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors led to advancement in drug design and the treatment of many neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. Different natural heterocyclic structures are reported to display selective MAO inhibitory activity by preclinical and in-silico modeling. Currently, the major interest is devoted to the study of natural based therapeutic agents from the different categories. Therefore, we presenting the review to critically discuss and outline the recent advances in our knowledge on the importance of natural and natural based ligand-MAO in-silico methods for novel MAO inhibitors...

Turmeric, a spice that has long been recognized for its medicinal properties, has received interest from both the medical/scientific world and from culinary enthusiasts, as it is the major source of the polyphenol curcumin. It aids in the management of oxidative and inflammatory conditions, metabolic syndrome, arthritis, anxiety, and hyperlipidemia. It may also help in the management of exercise-induced inflammation and muscle soreness, thus enhancing recovery and performance in active people. In addition, a relatively low dose of the complex can provide health benefits for people that do not have diagnosed health conditions...

A new analytical procedure, based on liquid chromatography with diode array and fluorescence detection, has been proposed for the determination of bioactive compounds in vegetables and spices after hard cap espresso extraction. This novel extraction system has been tested for the determination of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin from fresh chilli and sweet pepper, piperine from ground pepper, curcumin from turmeric and curry, and myristicin from nutmeg. Extraction efficiency was evaluated by using acetonitrile:water and ethanol:water mixtures...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Eribulin mesylate, also called Halaven® (HAL), was recently developed as a microtubule-targeting drug and is used in the clinic for resistant or metastatic cancer. Previously, we showed that P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-overexpressing KBV20C oral cancer cells are highly resistant to HAL compared to sensitive KB cells. This qualitative study was designed to identify specific P-gp inhibitors that increase the sensitivity of highly resistant cancer cells to HAL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In order to identify functional P-gp inhibitors, HAL-treated KBV20C cells were co-treated with P-gp inhibitors, verapamil, elacridar, cyclosporine A, mitotane, piperine, fumagillin, curcumin, indomethacin, probenecid, sulindac, tesmilifene, and C-4...

The lipophilic phytocannabinoids cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) show therapeutic efficacy in various medical conditions. Both molecules are poorly water soluble and subjected to extensive first pass metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to a limited oral bioavailability of approximately 9%. We have developed an advanced lipid based Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System termed Advanced Pro-NanoLiposphere (PNL) pre-concentrate. The PNL is composed of lipid and emulsifying excipients of GRAS status and are known to increase solubility and reduce Phase I metabolism of lipophilic active compounds...

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoparticles are loaded with curcumin and piperine by in situ emulsion polymerization using dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid both as a stabilizer and a doping agent. The loaded drugs affect the morphology, size, and colloidal stability of the nanoparticles. Furthermore, kinetics studies of nonstimulated drug release have evidenced that polymer···drug interactions are stronger for curcumin than for piperine. This observation suggests that drug delivery systems based on combination of the former drug with PEDOT are much appropriated to show an externally tailored release profile...

Deltamethrin (DLM) is a well-known pyrethroid insecticide which is widely used in the agriculture and home pest control due to restriction on the sale of organophosphate. DLM induced apoptosis is well known but its mechanism is still unclear. This study has been designed to find out its mechanism of apoptosis with the help of computational methods along with in vivo methods. The QikProp and ProTox results have shown that DLM has good oral absorption. The docking results reveal that DLM has a strong binding affinity toward the CD4, CD8, CD28 and CD45 receptors...

OBJECTIVE: Curcumin is a well-established cardioprotective phytoconstituent, but the poor bioavailability associated with it is always a matter of therapeutic challenge. The present study was undertaken to increase the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin by combining with bio-enhancer like piperine against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats ( n = 8) were treated with curcumin (200 mg/kg, p.o.) alone and different dose combination of curcumin (100, 50, 25 mg/kg, p...

Medicinal values of spices and condiments are being revived by biologists through in vitro and in vivo trials providing evidence for its antimicrobial activities. The essential oils and extracts of spices like black pepper, cloves, cinnamon, and nutmeg contain active compounds like piperine, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, and lignans. Similarly, condiments like coriander, black cumin, turmeric, garlic, and ginger are recognized for constituents like linalool, thymoquinones, curcumin, allicin, and geranial respectively...

Brain inflammation, characterized by increased microglia and astrocyte activation, increases during aging and is a key feature of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). In AD, neuronal death and synaptic impairment, induced by amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, are at least in part mediated by microglia and astrocyte activation. Glial activation results in the sustained production of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, giving rise to a chronic inflammatory process. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system and are involved in the neuroinflammation...

BACKGROUND: This is an exciting period for research on monoamine oxidase and its effects on central nervous system. As the current hitting-one-target, therapeutic strategy has become quite inefficient for the treatment of various neurological disorders Objective: The objective of this review is to identify and critically discuss the computational development of multi-target natural and related ligand-MAO protein docking approaches in the study of monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes. DISCUSSION: Computational development of the new compounds from natural and related synthetic origin, active as MAO inhibitors (MAOIs) was discussed in some detail...

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of oral consumption of curcumin and piperine in combination on the recovery kinetics after exercise-induced muscle damage. Forty-eight hours before and following exercise-induced muscle damage, ten elite rugby players consumed curcumin and piperine (experimental condition) or placebo. A randomized cross-over design was performed. Concentric and isometric peak torque for the knee extensors, one leg 6 seconds sprint performance on a non-motorized treadmill, counter movement jump performance, blood creatine kinase concentration and muscle soreness were assessed immediately after exercise, then at 24h, 48h and 72h post-exercise...

BACKGROUND: Curcumae Longae Rhizoma is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicines, which has multiple biological activities such as relieving stagnation and stasis, pain alleviation, curing amenorrhea and wounds. However, its main active component-curcumin has poor absorption and very fast metabolism in body. To solve this problem, Piper nigrum was introduced for its ability to strengthen bioavailability of other compounds. PURPOSE: In most cases of TCM couplets, all ingredients were prepared and taken simultaneously, which in our opinion did not take full advantage of their interactions...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a main clinical hurdle for chemotherapy of cancer, and overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a key factor. In the present study, a new co-delivery system for reversing MDR was designed and developed. The system was composed of curcumin (Cur) and piperine (Pip) encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) and Brij 78 [(Cur+Pip)-SLNs]. TPGS and Brij 78 could sensitize MDR tumors by inhibiting the P-gp drug efflux system...