Brackets

Background: By increasing the number of adults seeking orthodontic treatment bonding orthodontic brackets to the surfaces other than intact enamel has become necessary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different surface preparation methods associated with orthodontic bonding on porcelain color alteration. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study forty-five porcelain discs (6- mm diameter, 2- mm thickness) were fabricated. The color of the specimens was evaluated by means of a Vita Easyshade...

In the version of this article initially published online, the wrong version of Fig. 5 was used. There were errors in the statistical comparison brackets in Fig. 5c and the left-hand error bar in Fig. 5f. The errors have been corrected in the print, PDF and HTML versions of this article. In the version of this article initially published online and in print, the wrong version of Fig. 3h was used. There was a slight error in the alignment of the traces in the top right panel. The error has been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of this article...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes after the use of miniscrew-anchored inverted Forsus fatigue-resistant device (FRD) in treatment of Class III malocclusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this controlled clinical trial, 16 patients (9 girls and 7 boys; age 12.45 ± 0.87 years) were consecutively treated with miniscrew-anchored inverted Forsus FRD. This group was compared with a matched control group of 16 untreated patients (8 girls and 8 boys; age 11...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the changes in the maxillary buccal alveolar bone during alignment without extractions. Secondarily, to evaluate the changes in arch dimensions and buccolingual inclinations of teeth and to identify risk factors for bone loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two adolescents with crowded permanent dentitions were treated without extractions with Damon 3MX brackets. Cone beam computed tomographic scans were taken before treatment (T0) and after alignment (T1)...

A recent approach that led to compact frequency domain formulations of the cubic and quartic fluctuation-dissipation theorems (FDTs) for the classical one-component plasma (OCP) [Golden and Heath, J. Stat. Phys. 162, 199 (2016)10.1007/s10955-015-1395-6] is generalized to accommodate binary ionic mixtures. Paralleling the procedure followed for the OCP, the basic premise underlying the present approach is that a (k,ω) 4-vector rotational symmetry, known to be a pivotal feature in the frequency domain architectures of the linear and quadratic fluctuation-dissipation relations for a variety of Coulomb plasmas [Golden et al...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of bracket removal using an erbium laser on the pulp temperature and enamel surface. BACKGROUND: Removal of orthodontic brackets with conventional debonding pliers may result in enamel cracks. To avoid damage to the enamel surface and effectively remove metal or ceramic brackets, different types of lasers, such as Nd:YAG, CO2 , TM:YAP, diode laser, or Er:YAG, have been introduced for debonding. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 55 brackets (n = 55; 20 metal and 35 ceramic ones) were bonded to 55 caries-free premolars extracted for orthodontic indications...

A novel kind of fiber optic ultrasonic sensor based on matching fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is proposed and demonstrated. The sensors consist of a pair of matching FBGs fixed to a special bracket. The bracket plays a role in stretching and squeezing the FBGs, with the push⁻pull effect efficiently coupling the ultrasonic signal to the sensor, thus, improving the sensor’s sensitivity. Side-band filtering technology-based intensity interrogation was used to detect ultrasounds in water. With the synergic effect of the matching FBGs, the sensor performed with a high signal-to-noise ratio (56...

Treatments without tooth extractions have become more popular over the last two decades. In this context, expansion of the maxillary arch is an interesting treatment option for cases in which space is required and other factors not favoring extractions (such as the facial profile) are present. According to several authors, this posterior expansion can be obtained using a system comprising self-ligating brackets and superelastic nickel-titanium arches. The present article aims to report a case of a young patient with Class II, Division 2 malocclusion, with impacted upper canines and significant arch length-tooth discrepancy...

Biofilms in soil can offer solutions to many geotechnical problems. Controlling biofilm formation in soil requires a fundamental understanding of how bacterial cells interact with soil under relevant environmental conditions. Here, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to quantify the adhesion forces acting between a model soil microbe, Pseudomonas putida, and a model of quartz sand under a range of ionic strengths (ISs; 0.02M-0.52M) that bracket common environmental conditions present in soil. AFM forces were decoupled into specific and nonspecific components following the established Poisson statistical analysis method...

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to present a prototype of a bracket-positioning gauge, which makes vertical inclination of the instrument difficult, allowing a reduction of vertical bracket positioning error, and to test its accuracy in bracket positioning by groups of individuals with different clinical experience and in specific groups of teeth. METHODS: For the testing of the prototype, four groups of six participants each were used: Group 1 was composed of undergraduate students in the dental school, who had no previous experience in bonding orthodontic attachments; Group 2 was composed of orthodontic graduate students in the dental school; Group 3 consisted of orthodontists with a maximum of 5 years of clinical experience; Group 4 comprised orthodontists with more than 5 years of clinical experience...

Patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment present more susceptibility to dental caries and the use of an orthodontic device increases this risk factor due to biofilm accumulation around the brackets. The objective of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength to irradiated permanent teeth of orthodontic brackets bonded with conventional glass ionomer cement and resin-modified glass ionomer cement due to the fluoride release capacity of these materials. Ninety prepared human premolars were divided into 6 groups (n=15), according to the bonding material and use or not of radiation: CR: Transbond XT composite resin; RMGIC: Fuji Ortho LC conventional glass ionomer cement; GIC: Ketac Cem Easymix resin-modified glass ionomer cement...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments and polymerization protocols on the bond strength of brackets to enamel, and the degree of conversion of the bonding agents. 120 bovine crowns were embedded in acrylic resin blocks and sanded. Next, the blocks were randomly assigned into 12 groups. Metal brackets were bonded to enamel according to the "surface treatment" factor (A: Phosphoric Acid; ATxt: Phosphoric Acid + Transbond XT Primer®; Tse: Transbond Plus Self Etching Primer®; and SBU: Scotchbond Universal®) and "polymerization" factor (R20: Radii-Cal®/20 seconds; V20: Valo Cordless®/20 seconds; and V3: Valo Cordless®/3 seconds)...

We developed a method for rapid and precise determination of B isotope ratios by MC-ICP-MS through an optimization of washout method, mass-discrimination correction and chemical separation. Resultant reproducibility of δ11 B values was ±0.4‰ (2 × SD) when a simple standard-sample bracketing technique was used, and it was improved to be better than ±0.2‰ by a mass discrimination correction with a 7 Li/6 Li isotopic reference. A mixed solution, which consists of HNO3 -HF-mannitol, allowed a rapid washout of B memory in the sample introduction line...

BACKGROUND: All over the globe shisha smoking is fast growing among different age brackets. Shisha use has been reported to be increasing among youths in African major cities. Its use is documented to result in health effects such as lung cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory conditions, periodontal diseases, keratoacanthoma which are also associated with cigarette smoking. In Kigali, Rwanda's capital, reports indicate that shisha use is increasing among the youths, particularly the university students...

Stable Hg isotope analyses are nowadays widely employed to discriminate Hg sources and understand its biogeochemical cycle. Up to now, total Hg isotopic compositions have been mainly used but Hg compound-specific isotopic analysis (CSIA) methodologies are emerging. On-line Hg-CSIA were limited to samples containing high concentrations but in this work we overcome this limitation for the measurement of inorganic (IHg) and monomethylmercury (MMHg) by gas chromatography hyphenated to MC-ICP-MS (GC/MC-ICP-MS) through the use of an automated on-line pre-concentration strategy, allowing injection volumes up to 100 times larger than usual...

Background: There is necessary of dry operating field for bonding of orthodontic brackets. The presence of moisture can alter the bond strength. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets with different adhesives. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, a total of 100 orthodontically extracted premolars with sound crown structure were divided into 4 equal groups of different primers. Bonding on the buccal surface of all teeth was done after acid etching with upper premolar brackets using different primers followed by light curing...

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of transillumination techniques to conventional light curing on shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of orthodontic stainless steel brackets. Material and Methods: 240 extracted human maxillary incisors, canines and premolars were randomly separated into four control and four experimental groups, based on tooth type. Labio-lingual thickness was measured. Control groups were light cured from buccal surface and experimental groups from lingual surface (transillumination) from four directions (mesial-distal, incisal-direct, direct, mesial-distal-incisal)...

This study investigated the effect of the vertical position of the canine on changes in the frictional/orthodontic (F/O) force ratio of nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) archwires during the initial levelling phase of orthodontic treatment. Frictional and orthodontic forces were measured by using low-friction brackets and Ni-Ti archwires with three different cross-sectional sizes and force types. To simulate canine malocclusion (first premolar extraction case), the upper right canine was displaced gingivally by 1 to 3 mm and the inter-bracket distance between the upper right lateral incisor and second premolar was set at 15 mm or 20 mm...

OBJECTIVE: We compared tooth movement under maximum anchorage control with mini-screw implants in growing and non-growing patients. METHODS: In total, 15 adolescent (G1) and 19 adult (G2) patients with prognathic profiles were selected. All patients underwent first premolar extraction treatment with mini-screw implants for maximum anchorage control. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data were obtained immediately after implant placement (T1) and at the end of anterior tooth retraction (T2)...

BACKGROUND: Retraction in lingual orthodontics has biomechanical differences when compared to labial orthodontics, which is not yet established. Thus, we have intended to compare the biomechanical characteristics of closed helical loop and T-loop on 1 mm activation with 30° of compensatory curvatures during retraction in lingual orthodontics. METHODS: STb lingual brackets were indirectly bonded to maxillary typhodont model that was scanned to obtain FEM model...