milk and cardiovascular disease

BACKGROUND: Prospective observational data revealed lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence with modelled replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFA) from total meat by total dairy, but it is unknown what the associations are of replacing SFA from types of meat by types of dairy with CVD incidence. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of replacing SFA from total, red, processed and poultry meat by SFA from total dairy, milk, cheese, and yogurt with the incidence of CVD...

BACKGROUND: Numerous observational studies have investigated on the correlation of whole, semi-skimmed, and skimmed milk with coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI) risk; However, no consensus has been reached and evidence on any causal links between these exposures and outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to conduct univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, using publicly released genome-wide association study summary statistics (GWAS) from the IEU GWAS database, to ascertain the causal association of milk with various fat content with CAD and MI risk...

OBJECTIVES: Infants with congenital heart disease and increased pulmonary blood flow frequently suffer from feeding difficulties and growth failure. Providing expressed breast milk by spoon has been hypothesised to decrease energy expenditure in these infants as compared to breastfeeding. This study assessed the effect of supplemental feeding of expressed breast milk on weight gain in infants with unoperated congenital heart disease. METHOD: This was a prospective open-label randomised control trial...

Sialyllactoses (SLs) primarily include sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMOs). First, the safety assessment of 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL) revealed low toxicity in various animal models and human participants. SLs constitute a unique milk component, highlighting the essential nutrients and bioactive components crucial for infant development, along with numerous associated health benefits for various diseases. This review explores the safety, biosynthesis, and potential biological effects of SLs, with a specific focus on their influence across various physiological systems, including the gastrointestinal system, immune disorders, rare genetic disorders (such as GNE myopathy), cancers, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diverse cancers, and viral infections, thus indicating their therapeutic potential...

There is an increasing body of evidence supporting a link between low intakes of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) and numerous diseases and health conditions. However, few people are achieving the levels of fish/seafood or eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid intake recommended in national and international guidelines. Knowledge of a person's omega-3 LCPUFA status will benefit the interpretation of research results and could be expected to lead to an increased effort to increase intake...

BACKGROUND: Diet is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the associations between empirically derived dietary patterns and MACE. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project, Sydney, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: 539 community-dwelling older Australian men aged 75 years and older. METHODS: Men underwent dietary assessment using a validated dietitian-administered diet history questionnaire...

BACKGROUND: The relation between incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and sugar might not only depend on the quantity consumed but also on its source. This study aims to assess the association between various sources of dietary sugars and CVD incidence in the prospective population-based UK Biobank cohort. METHODS: A total of 176,352 participants from the UK Biobank with at least one web-based dietary questionnaire (Oxford WebQ) for assessment of sugar intake were included in this study...

BACKGROUND: The growing trend towards conscious and sustainable dietary choices has led to increased adoption of flexitarian diets, characterised by plant-based eating habits with occasional consumption of meat and processed meat products. However, the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors associated with flexitarian diets compared to both vegans and omnivores remain underexplored. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 94 healthy participants aged 25-45 years, categorized into long-term flexitarians (FXs ≤ 50 g/day of meat and meat products, n = 32), vegans (Vs, no animal products, n = 33), and omnivores (OMNs ≥ 170 g/day of meat and meat products, n = 29) were included...

BACKGROUND: Lipid disorders are a potent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the intake of dietary fatty acids has been closely related to blood lipid levels. Therefore, this cross-sectional study examined the associations between dietary patterns related to fatty acid intake and lipid disorders in Korean adults. METHODS: From the 2013-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys data, 8399 men and 11404 women (aged ≥ 19 years) were selected...

Proper nutrition during the first period of life is primarily related to meeting energy needs and providing essential nutrients that ensure the infant's normal physical and psychomotor development. Improper nutrition during this period, inadequate amounts of nutrients, inappropriate timing and manner of introduction of individual foods, can permanently alter metabolism and the course of physiological processes, increasing the risk of diseases such as obesity, allergic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to verify how the method of complementary feeding influences the occurrence of food neophobia between 2 and 7 years of age, as well as to assess the different nutritional aspects resulting from the process of starting feeding other than breast milk and milk formula...

Milk and dairy products are known to have a significant role in human development and tissue maintenance due to their high nutritional value. With the higher incidence of obesity and metabolic diseases, nutrition and public health authorities have recommended the intake of fat-free or low-fat dairy due to the saturated fatty acid content of whole-fat products and their effect on serum cholesterol levels. However, recent studies have questioned the association between milk fat consumption and cardiometabolic risk...

The scientific view on dairy fats is undergoing a change. While at one time they were associated with negative health effects, recent scientific research has provided new insights into the functional benefits of dairy fats and their fatty acids. This changing scientific view on dairy fats is also resulting in a scientific interest in Ghee, the clarified butter obtained from milk. Ghee, besides being a traditional milk product of cultural importance in India and finding extensive use in its cuisines, is also one of the most important ingredients of the materia medica of Ayurveda, the traditional system of medicine that originated in India...

Postnatal growth restriction (PGR) can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) potentially due to impairments in oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) within cardiomyocyte mitochondria. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if PGR impairs cardiac metabolism, specifically OxPhos. FVB (Friend Virus B-type) mice were fed a normal-protein (NP: 20% protein), or low-protein (LP: 8% protein) isocaloric diet 2 weeks before mating. LP dams produce ∼20% less milk, and pups nursed by LP dams experience reduced growth into adulthood as compared to pups nursed by NP dams...

BACKGROUND: Red meat consumption was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in prospective cohort studies and a profile of biomarkers favoring high cardiovascular risk in short-term controlled trials. However, several recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses concluded with no or weak evidence for limiting red meat intake. OBJECTIVE: To prospectively examine the associations between red meat intake and incident CVD in an ongoing cohort study with diverse socioeconomic and racial/ethnic backgrounds...

The prevalence of diet-related chronic conditions including hypertension and cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus has increased worldwide. Research regarding the use of food-derived bioactive peptides as an alternative strategy to mitigate chronic diseases is on the rise. Milk is recognized as one of the main dietary protein sources for health beneficial bioactive compounds. Hundreds of in vitro studies have suggested that milk-derived bioactive peptides offer multiple biological and physiological benefits, and some but not all were confirmed in vivo with animal models for hypertension, hyperglycemia, and pathogen adhesion...

INTRODUCTION: The scientific community and consumers are increasingly interested in the potential cholesterol-lowering effect of various nutraceuticals and their combinations. The aim of our study was to test the short-term effect of a new lipid-lowering nutraceutical formulation in mildly hypercholesterolemic patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We consecutively enrolled 80 mildly hypercholesterolemic patients with low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) between 130 and 190 mg/dl with a low-estimated cardiovascular disease risk...

Emerging research suggests whey protein (WP) supplementation may modify type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk factors, including glucose control. As systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) gain importance in nutrition literature, we conducted an umbrella systematic review to chronicle published systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses of RCTs pertinent to WP supplementation and T2DM modifiable risk factors. This review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews of Reviews standards...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Unhealthy dietary behaviors constitute one of risk the factors for chronic and cardiovascular diseases, which are prevalent in middle-aged and older populations. Milk and dairy products are high-quality foods and important sources of calcium. Calcium protects against osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study investigated the association of milk and dairy product consumption with cardio-cerebrovascular disease incidence in middle-aged and older Korean adults...

Ferrets are bred to be pets, utilized for hunting, and as laboratory models. Despite the fact that ferrets in some areas of the world are neutered by the breeder before entering the pet trade, the importance of pediatric management should not be overlooked. Pregnant, whelping, and lactating jills should be closely monitored and kept in a quiet, stress-free environment. Hand-rearing baby kits is very challenging due to their requirement for ferret milk. Minimizing maternal stress and disease can prevent the need to hand rear kits...

Lipid monitoring plays a crucial role in biomedical research, particularly in the areas of cardiovascular health, metabolic disorders and nutrition. However, direct and highly sensitive detection of lipids poses significant challenges due to the interference of high SERS background noise in lipid samples. In this study, we present a SERS platform for the quantitative analysis of lipids. By harnessing the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) effect of nanostructured grooves and leveraging deuterium oxide, a remarkable enhancement of in-situ Raman signals originating from cholesterol is achieved...