Pneumonia ultrasound

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pneumonia is associated with SIRS and hypercatabolism. The aim of this study was to determine muscle loss during the acute phase of COVID-19 pneumonia and evaluate long-term sequelae in discharged patients. METHODS: A total of 16 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and respiratory insufficiency were included in the study. Selected parameters (weight, BMI, LBM = lean body mass, albumin, CRP, NLR = neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, ultrasound measured thickness of rectus femoris muscle = US RF and rectus femoris + vastus intermedius = US RF + VI, handgrip strength, quality of life = EQ-5D questionnaire, and activities of daily living = Barthel's ADLs) were recorded on admission, discharge, and 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge...

Despite significant advances in vaccination strategies and antibiotic therapy, bovine respiratory disease (BRD) continues to be the leading disease affecting the global cattle industry. The etiology of BRD is complex, often involving multiple microbial agents, which lead to intricate interactions between the host immune system and pathogens during various beef production stages. These interactions present environmental, social, and geographical challenges. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective disease management...

BACKGROUND: Sheep and goat production in Ethiopia is hindered by numerous substandard production systems and various diseases. Respiratory disease complexes (RDC) pose a significant threat to the productivity of these animals. Pneumonia is a common manifestation of respiratory disease complexes and often necessitates a prolonged course of antibiotic treatment. This study aimed to optimize and propose the ideal duration of therapy for pneumonia in sheep and goats. METHODS: The study was conducted from February to June 2021 at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University...

BACKGROUND: CHPS dramatically affects infant growth and development and can even cause aspiration resulting from esophageal reflux. There is potential danger. CHPS is common, while CHPS with gas in the stomach wall and portal vein is rare. Gas in the stomach wall and portal vein are often the key features of more serious disease. It can be easily mistaken as a serious disease when patients with CHPS have gas in the stomach wall and portal vein. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-day-old baby was hospitalized for aspiration pneumonia after vomiting without bile for 20 days...

OBJECTIVE: the study's objective was to determine impact of COVID-19 on the prognosis of pulmonary embolism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An analytical multicenter cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection was carried out in three university hospitals and a private clinic in Ouagadougou from March, 2020 to July 2021. It included consecutive patients hospitalized for PE confirmed on chest CT angiography or by the association an acute cor pulmonale on echocardiography-Doppler with deep vein thrombosis on venous ultrasound-Doppler of the lower limbs and having carried out a COVID-19 test (RT-PCR or rapid diagnostic test)...

We report a case of Klebsiella pneumoniae invasive liver abscess syndrome (KPILAS) with endophthalmitis-caused blindness as the first symptom after enema. The patient had diabetes, and his blood glucose was poorly controlled. She developed hematuria after four enemas for cosmetic purposes and later became blind. The eye discharge was cultured, which revealed a Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. B ultrasound did not show liver lesions, but computed tomography exhibited abscesses in the right lobe of the liver...

A 14-year-old intact female diabetic dog presented with seizures and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. Radiographs revealed gas-filled tubular structures in the right and left caudal abdomen, raising concerns of emphysematous pyometra or small intestinal ileus. Ultrasonography played a pivotal role in confirming emphysematous pyometra, a technique previously documented only once in veterinary practice. This report also presents the first documented case of emphysematous pyometra in a diabetic dog attributed to Klebsiella pneumoniae and complicated by emphysematous hepatitis...

BACKGROUND: Thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) is a commonly used tool for on-farm detection of pneumonia in calves. Different scanning methods have been described, but the performance of novice practitioners after training has not been documented. METHODS: In this study, 38 practitioners performed quick TUS (qTUS) on 18-23 calves each. Pneumonia was defined as lung consolidation 1 cm or more in depth. Diagnostic parameters (accuracy [Acc], sensitivity [Se] and specificity [Sp]) were compared to those of an experienced operator...

Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a challenging condition that clinicians, especially in emergency settings, have to face frequently. Especially in emergency settings, many underlying diseases can lead to ARF and life-threatening conditions have to be promptly assessed and correctly treated to avoid unfavorable outcomes. In recent years, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) gained growing consideration due to its bedside utilization, reliability and reproducibility even in emergency settings especially in unstable patients...

The treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced pneumonia with antibiotics alone poses considerable challenges. To address these challenges, low-frequency ultrasound (LFU) emerges as a promising approach. In this study, a mouse pneumonia model was established through intratracheal injection of MRSA to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of LFU in combination with antibiotics. Minimal inhibitory concentration was assessed, and the distribution of antibiotics in the lung and plasma was determined using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry...

UNLABELLED: Lung ultrasound is rapidly becoming a useful tool in the care of neonates: its ease of use, reproducibility, low cost, and negligible side effects make it a very suitable tool for the respiratory care of all neonates. This technique has been extensively studied by different approaches in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), both for diagnostic and prognostic aims and to guide respiratory treatments. However, many neonates are being born in level I/II hospitals without NICU facilities so all pediatricians, not just neonatal intensivists, should be aware of its potential...

A 23-year-old domestic donkey (Equus asinus) referred for severe respiratory distress due to suspected equine asthma. Ultrasound of the chest revealed bilateral irregular pulmonary consolidation and pleural effusion. Airway endoscopy and tracheal wash cytology showed severe neutrophilic inflammation and bacterial culture was positive for Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. Despite aggressive treatment, the donkey died in 48 hours. On post-mortem examination, the lung was whitish, collapsed, and firm, with fibrotic multifocal nodular areas...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study aimed to elucidate the effectiveness of bedside thoracic ultrasound according to BLUE protocol and to investigate its superiority over other imaging methods in the emergency service. METHODS: A total of 120 patients admitted to our institution's emergency care department due to respiratory distress have been enrolled in this prospective research. Thorax USG has been performed in the right and left hemithorax at the points specified in the BLUE protocol for each patient...

INTRODUCTION: Diffuse cystic lung diseases comprise a heterogeneous group of pulmonary disorders, with most cases being benign and malignant instances being rare. CASE REPORT: We present an unusual case of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the progressive diffusion of cystic lesions. The patient, initially diagnosed with a pulmonary infection and lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, underwent repeated misdiagnoses. Ultimately, the diagnosis was confirmed using radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided-transbronchial cryobiopsy (rEBUS-TBCB)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that began in early 2020 resulted in significant mortality from respiratory tract infections. Existing imaging modalities such as chest X-ray (CXR) lacks sensitivity in its diagnosis while computed tomography (CT) scan carries risks of radiation and contamination. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has the advantage of bedside testing with higher diagnostic accuracy. We aim to describe the various applications of POCUS for patients with suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU)...

Pleural space infections occur in approximately 10% of patients hospitalized for pneumonia and their incidence is increasing with an aging population. Pulmonary ultrasound is a good bedside diagnostic tool able to reduce complications associated with thoracocentesis and drainage. The RAPID score is being increasingly validated as a predictor for mortality but has not yet been proven useful to guide the treatment strategy and needs incorporation into prospective studies. Awaiting studies on outcome prediction and the comparison of an early surgical strategy versus drainage with intrapleural enzyme therapy, this article presents a summary of current knowledge of this complication...

PURPOSE: Limited evidence exists to assess the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of point-of-care lung ultrasound (LUS) across all age groups. This review aimed to investigate the benefits of point-of-care LUS for the early diagnosis of pneumonia compared to traditional chest X-rays (CXR) in a subgroup analysis including pediatric, adult, and geriatric populations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This systematic review examined systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and original research from 2017 to 2021, comparing point-of-care LUS and CXR in diagnosing pneumonia among adults, pediatrics and geriatrics...

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 pneumonia results in an impairment of the diaphragmatic musculature that influences the development of respiratory failure during the patient's hospitalization. Diaphragmatic ultrasound is a useful, non-invasive, and accessible tool for measuring the function of this muscle. OBJECTIVE: Assessing the morphological and functional ultrasound status of the diaphragm in patients admitted within the first 24 h for COVID-related pneumonia and its association with hospital morbidity and mortality (NCT05805579)...

BACKGROUND: Recent studies reported that an increase in intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps in older patients negatively affects the recovery of activities of daily living (ADL) more than the loss of muscle mass. However, whether intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps in older patients with aspiration pneumonia is related to ADL recovery remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the relationship between intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps and ADL recovery in older patients with aspiration pneumonia...

BACKGROUND: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are among the most frequent infections and a significant contributor to inappropriate antibiotic prescription. Currently, no single diagnostic tool can reliably identify bacterial pneumonia. We thus evaluate a multimodal approach based on a clinical score, lung ultrasound (LUS), and the inflammatory biomarker, procalcitonin (PCT) to guide prescription of antibiotics. LUS outperforms chest X-ray in the identification of pneumonia, while PCT is known to be elevated in bacterial and/or severe infections...