Proven

BACKGROUND: Early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a transitional stage between normal aging and Alzheimer disease, is crucial for preventing the progression of dementia. Virtual reality (VR) biomarkers have proven to be effective in capturing behaviors associated with subtle deficits in instrumental activities of daily living, such as challenges in using a food-ordering kiosk, for early detection of MCI. On the other hand, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers have demonstrated their efficacy in quantifying observable structural brain changes that can aid in early MCI detection...

Tuning electronic characteristics of metal-ligand bonds based on reaction pathways to achieve efficient catalytic processes has been widely studied and proven to be feasible in homogeneous catalysis, but it is scarcely investigated in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we demonstrate the regulation of the electronic configuration of Ir-O bonds in an Ir single-atom catalyst according to the borane activation mechanism. Ir-O bonds in Ir1 /Ni(OH) x are found to be more electron-poor than those in Ir1 /NiO x . Despite the mild solvent-free conditions and ambient temperature, Ir1 /Ni(OH) x exhibits outstanding performance for the hydroboration of alkenes, furnishing the desired alkylboronic esters with a turnover frequency value of ≤3060 h-1 and 99% anti-Markovnikov selectivity, which is significantly better than that of Ir1 /NiO x (42 h-1 )...

Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) practitioners working in humanitarian contexts are at significant risk of mental health conditions, ultimately hindering the quality and sustainability of their work. Supportive supervision has shown to be effective in improving the wellbeing of MHPSS staff and volunteers and enhancing the effectiveness of MHPSS service delivery. Despite these proven benefits, there is a lack of standardised guidelines to inform supportive supervision within humanitarian contexts...

Diabetes mellitus adversely affects the contractile ability of the small intestine. However, there is a paucity of studies investigating the impact of garlic oil on small intestinal motility. This study aimed to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of garlic oil on type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats. Thirty-six adult female Wistar rats (n = 36) were divided into four groups: control, non-diabetic rats supplemented with garlic oil, diabetic rats, and diabetic rats treated with garlic oil. The rats were anesthetized using pentobarbitone (40 mg/kg BW); various motility parameters and oxidative markers were determined in small intestinal segments...

Cholesterol plays an important biological role in the body, and its disruption in homeostasis and synthesis has been implicated in several diseases. Mapping the locations of cholesterol is crucial for gaining a better understanding of these conditions. Silver deposition has proven to be an effective method for analyzing cholesterol using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). We optimized and evaluated thermal evaporation as an alternative deposition technique to sputtering for silver deposition in MSI of cholesterol...

The development of a new generation of anticorrosion pigments for paints remains an important challenge to replace the usual sparingly-soluble pigments and thus avoid the dissemination of heavy metals in the environment and the formation of holes in polymer coatings. For this purpose, α-zirconium hydrogenophosphate (Zr(HPO4 )2 ·H2 O, denoted as α-ZrP) was intercalated with the corrosion inhibitor 2-aminobenzimidazole (ABIM). Various microstructural analyses have proven the insertion of ABIM in the interlayer space by an acid-base exchange reaction and allowed us to propose a structural model for the new ABIM-ZrP pigment...

Numerous technological advancements have been developed to tackle the issue of wastewater remediation effectively. However, the practical application of these technologies on a large scale has faced several challenges that have hindered their progress. These challenges include low selectivity, high energy requirements, and significant expenses. Nanoscale materials have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in removing a wide range of contaminants. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) exhibits a range of distinctive physical and chemical properties that have proven to be highly effective in various environmental remediation applications...

PURPOSE: Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) include all midline gliomas with a point mutation to the histone H3 gene resulting in the substitution of a lysine with a methionine (K27M). These tumors are classified as World Health Organization grade 4 with a mean survival between 9- and 19-months following diagnosis. There is currently no standard of care for DMG, and palliative radiation therapy has been proven to only extend survival by months. Our current study aims to report current treatment trends and predictors of the overall survival of DMG...

INTRODUCTION: Endovascular treatment of type B aortic dissections (TBAD) has currently acquired a primary therapeutic role when anatomically feasible. The main issue with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for aortic dissection is the actual nature of the aortic wall, which is structurally compromised and more fragile. Indeed, a wealth of data have shown that TEVAR for TBAD will lead, in a substantial proportion of cases, to a device-related adverse event named distal stent-graft induced new entry (dSINE)...

Nonaqueous organic redox flow batteries (N-ORFBs) are a promising technology for grid-scale storage of energy generated from intermittent renewable sources. Their primary benefit over traditional aqueous RFBs is the wide electrochemical stability window of organic solvents, but the design of catholyte materials, which can exploit the upper range of this window, has proven challenging. We report herein a new class of N-ORFB catholytes in the form of squaric acid quinoxaline (SQX) and squaric acid amide (SQA) materials...

AIMS: Standardized immunosuppressive therapy (IS) had been previously investigated in biopsy-proven (BP) lymphocytic myocarditis with heart failure (HF). This study evaluated efficacy and safety of tailored IS in BP immune-mediated myocarditis, irrespective of histology and clinical presentation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive BP myocarditis patients treated with long-term tailored IS on top of optimal medical therapy (OMT), were compared with OMT non-IS controls using propensity-score weighting...

The discovery of antivascular endothelial growth factor medications has resulted in a substantial change in diabetic retinopathy treatment. The most common cause of diabetic retinopathy blindness is Diabetic Macular Edema. The pathophysiology of Diabetic Macular Edema is thought to include the well-known pro-angiogenic and pro-permeability factor vascular endothelial growth factor. Over the past decade, drugs that impede the functions of vascular endothelial growth factors have established themselves as a standard-of-care treatment for a range of ocular ailments and improved patients' clinical results with diabetic retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema, and their frequency has grown exponentially with the introduction of these agents Pegaptanib, Ranibizumab, and Aflibercept which are approved for ophthalmic indications, while Bevacizumab is used off-label...

BACKGROUND: Epicardial radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) originating from the left ventricular summit (LVS) is challenging because of the anatomic barriers. On the other hand, RFCA at the endocardial sites near the earliest epicardial activation site of LVS-VAs (anatomic approach) has proven successful. The evolving trends in the approaches and outcomes of RFCA of LVS-VAs at a single center were evaluated. METHODS: We studied 88 consecutive patients with idiopathic LVS-VAs at our institute from 2009 to 2019...

Despite its proven research applications, it remains unknown whether surface electromyography (sEMG) can be used clinically to discriminate non-lame from lame conditions in horses. This study compared the classification performance of sEMG absolute value (sEMGabs) and asymmetry (sEMGasym) parameters, alongside validated kinematic upper-body asymmetry parameters, for distinguishing non-lame from induced fore- (iFL) and hindlimb (iHL) lameness. Bilateral sEMG and 3D-kinematic data were collected from clinically non-lame horses ( n  = 8) during in-hand trot...

The World Medical Association's Declaration of Helsinki is in the process of being revised. The following amendments are recommended to be incorporated in pursuit of the common goal of promoting health for all. 1. Data-driven research that facilitates broad informed consent and dynamic consent, assuring participant's rights, and the sharing of individual participant data (IPD) and research results to promote open science and generate social value. 2. Risk minimisation in a placebo-controlled study and post-trial access to the best-proven interventions for all who need them...

BACKGROUND: Therapies targeting PD1/PD-L1 pathway have revolutionized the treatment of lung cancer. However, anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapies have proven beneficial for only a select group of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients and generally do not work for immuno-cold tumors characterized by a lack of immune cell infiltration. Identifying novel biomarkers is vital to broad therapeutic options for LUAD patients with no response to anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapies. METHODS: Our study has developed a novel strategy to identify a promising biomarker that addresses the limitations of anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in treating immunological cold tumors...

Ever since its discovery, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection has remained a significant public health concern. The number of HIV-1 seropositive individuals currently stands at 40.1 million, yet definitive treatment for the virus is still unavailable on the market. Vaccination has proven to be a potent tool in combating infectious diseases, as evidenced by its success against other pathogens. However, despite ongoing efforts and research, the unique viral characteristics have prevented the development of an effective anti-HIV-1 vaccine...

Immunotherapy has renovated the field of oncology. Usually, cancer is treated by surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Immunotherapy is a promising treatment that harnesses the patient's own immune system to target cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have proven to be a promising treatment avenue for managing cancer; however, their use had been associated with a unique spectrum of adverse side effects called immune-related adverse events (irAEs). As ICIs become increasingly relevant in cancer management, it is crucial to address these irAEs affecting various systems in the body, including the skin, liver, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, and the eye...

The low incidence of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is an important factor limiting research progression. Our study extensively included nearly three decades of relevant literature and assembled the most comprehensive database comprising 5,742 patients with cHCC-CCA. We summarized the characteristics, tumor markers, and clinical features of these patients. Additionally, we present the evolution of cHCC-CCA classification and explain the underlying rationale for these classification standards...

Culinary herbs and spices are primarily known as flavor enhancers, research suggests that black pepper ( Piper nigrum ) and turmeric ( Curcuma longa ) have now been proven to prevent many non-communicable chronic diseases such as diabetes. Bioactive components of black pepper and turmeric ameliorate glucose metabolism and appetite regulation. The present research was designed to investigate the impact of turmeric and black pepper on blood glycemia, gastrointestinal well-being, appetite, and palatability. In a randomized crossover study, four iso-caloric experimental meals each having 50 g of available carbohydrates were subjected to healthy human participants ( N  = 20)...