myeloma pet

Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx is an extremely rare entity accounting for 0.04-0.45% of malignant tumours of the larynx. The objective of this clinical case report is to highlight the diagnosis and management of a unique case such as this. A 77-year-old gentleman presented with complaints of hoarseness for 1 year. Computed tomography image revealed a soft tissue mass lesion involving the right true vocal cord. Direct laryngoscopic biopsy was performed and subjected to histopathological examination, which showed collection of plasma cells...

Multiple myeloma (MM) and bone metastases are both common malignant tumors of the skeleton that share similar clinical manifestations and radiological features. The development of MM following rectal cancer surgery is relatively rare in clinical practice and is easily misdiagnosed as bone metastasis. The present study reported on a patient with MM and postoperative rectal cancer. A 65-year-old man had been diagnosed with low rectal cancer (poorly differentiated, T3N1M0) 10 years prior and underwent curative treatment at that time...

INTRODUCTION: Multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell malignancy, is a systemic disease affecting various body organs. Plasmacytoma of bone and extramedullary disease (EMD) are presentations of MM. EMD is usually the sign of a more aggressive form of the disease. Herein, we report a patient with refractory MM presenting with extramedullary plasmacytoma in the superior oblique (SO) muscle. CASE PRESENTATION: A 51-year-old female presented complaining of gradual protrusion of the left eye and ocular pain from 20 days prior...

BACKGROUND: The C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is overexpressed in many cancers, e.g. multiple myeloma and acute leukemia, yet solely [68 Ga]PentixaFor is used for clinical PET imaging. The aim of this study was to develop and assess a second generation Al18 F-labeled D-amino acid peptide based on the viral macrophage inflammatory protein II for CXCR4 targeted molecular imaging. METHODS: We designed a library of monomer and multimer constructs and evaluated their binding affinity for human and mouse CXCR4...

A 50-year-old male presented with neck and shoulder pain. Chest CT and 18 F-FDG PET/CT revealed osteolytic bone destruction in the left first rib and thoracic vertebrae with increased FDG uptake. Rib biopsy pathology indicated desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT).18 F-FDG PET/CT can accurately locate the distribution of DSRCT and further guide the location of needle biopsy to assist the DSRCT.

BACKGROUND: Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-borne bacterium and the cause of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). Here, we report a case of transfusion-transmitted (TT)-HGA involving a leukoreduced (LR) red blood cell (RBC) unit. CASE REPORT: A 64-year-old woman with gastric adenocarcinoma and multiple myeloma who received weekly blood transfusions developed persistent fevers, hypotension, and shortness of breath 1 week after receiving an RBC transfusion...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18 F-FDG PET/CT) related parameters and the prognosis of multiple myeloma and to establish and validate a prediction model regarding the progression-free survival (PFS) of multiple myeloma. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 126 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients who attended Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from 2014-2021. All patients underwent PET/CT before treatment and were divided into a training cohort ( n  = 75) and a validation cohort ( n  = 51)...

PURPOSE: Multiple myeloma (MM) affects over 35,000 patients each year in the US. There remains a need for versatile Positron Emission Tomography (PET) tracers for the detection, accurate staging, and monitoring of treatment response of MM that have optimal specificity and translational attributes. CD38 is uniformly overexpressed in MM and thus represents an ideal target to develop CD38-targeted small molecule PET radiopharmaceuticals to address these challenges. PROCEDURES: Using phage display peptide libraries and pioneering algorithms, we identified novel CD38 specific peptides...

BACKGROUND: The outcome of patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) previously treated with the three main classes of myeloma therapy [immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 antibodies] remains poor. Recently, based on the phase II pivotal KarMMa trial [showing prolonged overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) among heavily treated patients], idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel), a B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)- directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has been approved in US for the treatment of RRMM...

PURPOSE: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a highly heterogeneous disease with wide variations in patient outcome. [18 F]FDG PET/CT can provide prognostic information in MM, but it is hampered by issues regarding standardization of scan interpretation. Our group has recently demonstrated the feasibility of automated, volumetric assessment of bone marrow (BM) metabolic activity on PET/CT using a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-based tool. Accordingly, the aim of the current study is to investigate the prognostic role of whole-body calculations of BM metabolism in patients with newly diagnosed MM using this AI tool...

The limited availability of molecularly targeted low-molecular-weight imaging agents for monitoring multiple myeloma (MM)-targeted therapies has been a significant challenge in the field. In response, a first-in-class peptide-based radiotracer, [68 Ga]Ga-AJ206, is developed that can be seamlessly integrated into the standard clinical workflow and is specifically designed to noninvasively quantify CD38 levels and pharmacodynamics by positron emission tomography (PET). A bicyclic peptide, AJ206, is synthesized and exhibits high affinity to CD38 (KD : 19...

An 83-year-old man with multiple myeloma and history of coronary artery disease and ischemic cardiomyopathy experienced cardiac arrest during the 18F-FDG PET/CT examination. The patient had not yet been treated for multiple myeloma. The PET/CT demonstrated focal FDG uptake about the left anterior descending coronary artery. Diffuse intense FDG uptake in the liver and less than normal uptake in other organs of usual FDG distribution were also present, likely due to altered hemodynamics and heart failure in the setting of an acute coronary syndrome...

We report a case of extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx that was eradicated by radiotherapy; however, 8 years later, the disease had progressed to multiple myeloma. A mid -60s Japanese woman presented with a right-sided arytenoid mass in the larynx who underwent biopsy at another hospital. Based on the biopsy results, the patient was diagnosed with extramedullary plasma cell tumour and was referred to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at our hospital. She received radiotherapy (50.4 Gy) and the laryngeal tumour was eradicated...

To assess the diagnostic accuracy of 68 Ga-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) and 18 F-labeled FDG PET for the detection of various tumors, we performed a head-to-head comparison of both imaging modalities across a range of tumor entities as part of our ongoing 68 Ga-FAPI PET observational trial. Methods: The study included 115 patients with 8 tumor entities who received imaging with 68 Ga-FAPI for tumor staging or restaging between October 2018 and March 2022. Of those, 103 patients received concomitant imaging with 68 Ga-FAPI and 18 F-FDG PET and had adequate lesion validation for accuracy analysis...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prognostic performance of [68 Ga]Pentixafor PET/CT at baseline for staging of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) and to compare it with [18 F]FDG PET/CT and the Revised-International Staging System (R-ISS). METHODS: Patients who underwent [68 Ga]Pentixafor and [18 F]FDG PET/CT imaging were retrospectively included. Patient staging was performed according to the Durie-Salmon PLUS staging system based on [68 Ga]Pentixafor PET/CT and [18 F]FDG PET/CT images, and the R-ISS...

Very late antigen-4 (VLA4; CD49d) is a promising immune therapy target in treatment-resistant leukemia and multiple myeloma, and there is growing interest in repurposing the humanized monoclonal antibody (Ab), natalizumab, for this purpose. Positron emission tomography with radiolabeled Abs (immuno-PET) could facilitate this effort by providing information on natalizumab's in vivo pharmacokinetic and target delivery properties. In this study, we labeled natalizumab with 89 Zr specifically on sulfhydryl moieties via maleimide-deferoxamine conjugation...

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common adult hematologic malignancy, and early intervention increases survival in asymptomatic high-risk patients. Imaging is crucial for the diagnosis and follow-up of MM, as the detection of bone and bone marrow lesions often dictates the decision to start treatment. Low-dose whole-body computed tomography (CT) is the modality of choice for the initial assessment, and dual-energy CT is a developing technique with the potential for detecting non-lytic marrow infiltration and evaluating the response to treatment...

This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose (18F FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in multiple myeloma (MM) and related plasma cell disorders. MM is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells. 18F FDG PET/CT integrates metabolic and anatomic information, allowing for accurate localization of metabolically active disease. The article discusses the use of 18F FDG PET/CT in initial diagnosis, staging, prognostication, and assessing treatment response...

PURPOSE: A small number of patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) by bone marrow aspiration reported as being disease-free on 18F-FDG PET/CT. We aim to evaluate the diagnostic value of radiomics approach in patients with MM who were negative by visual analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three patients judged negative by visual analysis were assigned to the MM group. Contemporaneous 31 disease-free patients served as the control group. 70% of the whole data set was used as training set (23 from MM group and 22 from control group) and 30% as testing set (10 from MM group and 9 from control group)...

We aimed to improve prognostic predictors in patients with transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma (TIE-MM) by combining baseline circulating clonal tumor cells (CTCs) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings. The factors associated with prognosis were retrospectively investigated in 126 patients with TIE-MM who underwent CTC quantification by multiparameter flow cytometry and PET/CT at the initial presentation. The total lesion glycolysis (TLG) level was calculated using the Metavol software...