Tube Feedings

Congenital diarrheas and enteropathies (CODE) are a group of rare, heterogenous, monogenic disorders that lead to chronic diarrhea in infancy. Definitive treatment is rarely available, and supportive treatment is the mainstay. Nutritional management in the form of either specialized formulas, restrictive diet, or parenteral nutrition support in CODE with poor enteral tolerance, is the cornerstone of CODE treatment and long-term growth. The evidence to support the use of specific diet regimens and nutritional approaches in most CODE disorders is limited due to the rarity of those diseases and the scant published clinical experience...

Enteral nutrition (EN) therapy in ICU patients requiring oxygen therapy with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and/or noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) is controversial. A prospective, cohort, observational, and multicenter study was conducted in 10 ICUs in Spain to analyze the 90-day mortality, tolerance, side effects, and infectious complications of trophic EN in patients requiring HFNC therapy and/or NIVM. A total of 149 patients were enrolled. The mean age, severity scores, tracheobronchitis, bacteremia, and antimicrobial therapy were significantly higher in deceased than in living patients ( p < 0...

The rearing of calves is an essential activity of a dairy system, as it impacts the future production of these animals. This study aims to evaluate the incidence of diarrhea, performance, and blood parameters of suckling calves that received mineral-vitamin supplementation in milk plus virginiamycin that was offered in milk (via the abomasum) or by esophageal tube (via the rumen). Twenty-seven calves were used, from the first week to 60 days of age, submitted to the following treatments: CONTROL, without supplementation; MILK, supplementation of 20 g of a mineral-vitamin complex with 100 mg of virginiamycin, diluted in milk; RUMEN, supplementation of 20 g of a mineral-vitamin complex diluted in milk and 100 mg of virginiamycin in gelatin capsules via an esophageal applicator...

PURPOSE: Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital condition that can be associated with feeding challenges in infants. As part of the larger 'Craniofacial microsomia: Accelerating Research and Education (CARE)' program, this study described caregivers' early feeding experiences. DESIGN AND MATERIALS: US-based caregivers of 34 children with CFM participated in remote narrative interviews. Two authors completed inductive thematic analysis in an iterative process until consensus was reached...

BACKGROUND: Enteral nutrition is a very important form of treatment for critically ill patients. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical effects and safety of semi-solid feeds in tube-fed patients. METHODS: Two researchers searched PubMed, clinical trials, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and Weipu databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the clinical effects and safety of semi-solid feeds in tube-fed patients until 10 October 2023...

OBJECTIVE: Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is rapidly becoming a standard of care for management of patients with severe Pierre Robin sequence. The tongue is brought forward to alleviate airway obstruction. This study will look at an institutional, multisurgeon experience with MDO over 10 years. DESIGN: A retrospective chart review was conducted. SETTING: All patients who underwent MDO at the authors' institution from 2012 to 2022 were included...

BACKGROUND: Optimizing nutrition is essential for recovery after major surgery or severe illness. Feeding tubes (FT) can be placed in patients limited by oral enteral nutrition. Given the myriad of locations in which these procedures are performed (radiology, intensive care unit, and endoscopy suite), routine follow-up is challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an FT clinic on nutrition. We hypothesized that enrollment in the FT clinic would result in improved nutritional outcomes...

BACKGROUND: Preterm infants (born before 37 weeks' gestation) are often unable to co-ordinate sucking, swallowing, and breathing for oral feeding because of their immaturity. In such cases, initial nutrition is provided by orogastric or nasogastric tube feeding. Feeding intolerance is common and can delay attainment of full enteral and sucking feeds, prolonging the need for nutritional support and the hospital stay. Smell and taste play an important role in the activation of physiological pre-absorptive processes that contribute to food digestion and absorption...

AIM: This study aims to identify demographic factors, area-based social determinants of health (SDOH), and clinical features associated with medical decision-making after pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). METHODS: This is a retrospective, exploratory, descriptive analysis of patients < 18 years old admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) after OHCA from 2011 to 2022 (n=217) at an urban tertiary care, free-standing children's hospital...

INTRODUCTION: Dysphagia (i.e., disordered swallowing) is a consequence of stroke. Existing literature on the marginal cost of dysphagia after stroke is limited and ignores long-term impacts. Our aim was to determine the marginal 12-month cost attributable to dysphagia, including health-related quality of life (HRQoL) impacts, among patients hospitalised with stroke in New Zealand. METHODS: Secondary analysis of observational data from the REGIONS Care study, a national study from New Zealand of consecutively hospitalised patients with acute stroke between 1st May 2018 and 30th October 2018 including an outcome survey at 12 months among those who provided consent...

BACKGROUND: Pierre Robin sequence (PRS), characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, cleft palate, and obstructed airways, is one of the craniofacial conditions challenging various approaches to managing compromised airways, ranging from conservative measures to invasive airway surgery. This study was conducted to identify predictive risk factors for tracheostomy in the PRS. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital in Thailand...

BACKGROUND: This systematic review aggregates the data of studies that include site-specific analyses of patients undergoing salvage surgery for residual or recurrent hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: The primary outcomes are disease-free, disease-specific, and overall survival (DFS, DSS, and OS, respectively). Secondary outcomes include complications and postoperative feeding requirements. RESULTS: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 442 patients...

In congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), abdominal organs are displaced into the chest, compress the lungs, and cause mediastinal shift. This contributes to development of pulmonary hypoplasia and hypertension, which is the primary determinant of morbidity and mortality for affected newborns. The severity is determined using prenatal imaging as early as the first trimester and is related to the laterality of the defect, extent of lung compression, and degree of liver herniation. Comprehensive evaluation of fetal CDH includes imaging-based severity assessment, severity assessment, and evaluation for structural or genetic abnormalities to differentiate isolated from complex cases...

BACKGROUND: Feeding difficulty is widely recognized in patients with Down syndrome, and many patients require gastrostomy tube (G-tube) placement for nutrition. No reliable factors have been identified to predict the expected duration of G-tube feeds in patients with Down syndrome. This descriptive cohort study aimed to determine the factors affecting the duration of G-tube feeds. We also investigated change in body mass index (BMI) from G-tube placement to discontinuation. METHODS: Medical records of patients with Down syndrome seen by a pediatric gastroenterologist at a tertiary care center between September 1986 and December 2021 were reviewed...

BACKGROUND: Premature infants commonly encounter difficulties with oral feeding, a complication that extends hospital stays, affects infants' quality of life, and imposes substantial burdens on families and society. Enhancing preterm infants' oral feeding skills and facilitating their transition from parenteral or nasal feeding to full oral feeding pose challenges for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) healthcare professionals. Research indicates that oral motor interventions (OMIs) can enhance preterm infants' oral feeding capabilities and expedite the transition from feeding initiation to full oral feeding...

AIM: To evaluate the effect of olfactory and/or gustatory stimulation interventions on feeding outcomes in preterm infants. METHODS: We conducted systematic searches across various academic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Wanfang Database, and the Wipu Database. These searches aimed to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the impact of olfactory and/or gustatory stimulation on preterm infants...

OBJECTIVE: to investigate the ability of mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) to avoid gastrostomy tube (G-tube). DATA SOURCES: PubMed, EBSCOhost, Cochrane, and Embase. REVIEW METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the number of MDO cases performed at our institution for patients with Robin Sequence (RS) over the past 10 years. In our institutional review, patients were excluded if they had a G-tube already placed at the time of surgery...

IMPORTANCE: Infants who are born preterm often experience difficulty transitioning from full tube to independent oral feeds, which often prolongs their hospital stay. No clinical measures associated with attainment of independent oral feeds are currently available. OBJECTIVE: To identify specific nutritive sucking measures associated with time to attainment of independent oral feeds among infants who are born preterm. DESIGN: An observational cohort pilot study was undertaken...

OBJECTIVE: TORS is a minimally invasive surgical alternative to chemoradiotherapy for oropharyngeal malignancies. While early postoperative oropharyngeal dysphagia is linked to TORS, this study explores both subjective and objective swallowing outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective and prospective review of the patients who underwent TORS for oropharyngeal malignancy from 2018 to 2023. SETTING: Single tertiary referral center. METHODS: Postoperative transnasal feeding tubes were administered to 142 patients undergoing TORS...

OBJECTIVE: Identify feeding supports required among infants with neonatal encephalopathy and determine growth trajectories to 3 years. STUDY DESIGN: Single-center retrospective cohort study of 120 infants undergoing therapeutic hypothermia. Logistic regression and stratified analyses identified whether clinical factors, EEG-determined encephalopathy severity, and MRI-based brain injury predict feeding supports (nasogastric tube, oral feeding compensations) and growth...