Proximity extension assay PEA

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is characterized by high morbidity, high mortality and low early diagnosis rate. Early diagnosis plays a crucial role in radically treating GC. The aim of this study was to identify plasma biomarkers for GC and early GC diagnosis. METHODS: We quantified 369 protein levels with plasma samples from discovery cohort (n = 88) and validation cohort (n = 50) via high-throughput proximity extension assay (PEA) utilizing the Olink-Explore-384-Cardiometabolic panel...

BACKGROUND: Self-sampling of dried blood spots (DBS) offers new routes to gather valuable health-related information from the general population. Yet, the utility of using deep proteome profiling from home-sampled DBS to obtain clinically relevant insights about SARS-CoV-2 infections remains largely unexplored. METHODS: Our study involved 228 individuals from the general Swedish population who used a volumetric DBS sampling device and completed questionnaires at home during spring 2020 and summer 2021...

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BC) is a very common urinary tract malignancy that has a high incidence and lethality. In this study, we identified BC biomarkers and described a new noninvasive detection method using serum and urine samples for the early detection of BC. METHODS: Serum and urine samples were retrospectively collected from patients with BC (n = 99) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 50), and the expression levels of 92 inflammation-related proteins were examined via the proximity extension analysis (PEA) technique...

Genome-wide association studies have successfully identified many genetic risk loci for dementia, but exact biological mechanisms through which genetic risk factors contribute to dementia remains unclear. Integrating CSF proteomic data with dementia risk loci could reveal intermediate molecular pathways connecting genetic variance to the development of dementia. We tested to what extent effects of known dementia risk loci can be observed in CSF levels of 665 proteins (proximity extension-based (PEA) immunoassays) in a deeply-phenotyped mixed-memory clinic cohort (n=502, mean age (sd) = 64...

Gravitational changes between micro- and hypergravity cause several adaptations and alterations in the human body. Besides muscular atrophy and immune system impairment, effects on the circulatory system have been described, which can be associated with a wide range of blood biomarker changes. This study examined nine individuals (seven males, two females) during a parabolic flight campaign (PFC). Thirty-one parabolas were performed in one flight day, resulting in ~22 s of microgravity during each parabola...

INTRODUCTION: RA patients are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, influenced by therapies. Studying their cardiovascular and cardiometabolic proteome can unveil biomarkers and insights into related biological pathways. METHODS: This study included two cohorts of RA patients: newly diagnosed individuals (n=25) and those with established RA (disease duration >25 years, n=25). Both cohorts were age and sex-matched with a control group (n=25). Additionally, a longitudinal investigation was conducted on a cohort of 25 RA patients treated with methotrexate and another cohort of 25 RA patients treated with tofacitinib for 6 months...

INTRODUCTION: The rate of progression to complete insulin deficiency varies greatly in type 1 diabetes. This constitutes a challenge, especially when randomizing patients in intervention trials aiming to preserve beta cell function. This study aimed to identify biomarkers predictive of either a rapid or slow disease progression in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A retrospective, longitudinal cohort study of children (<18 years) with type 1 diabetes (N=46) was included at diagnosis and followed until complete insulinopenia (C-peptide <0...

Introduction Despite well-established clinical criteria for diagnosis of SOS/VOD following allogeneic HCT, there is a lack of established diagnostic protein biomarkers. Methods Prospective samples were collected from patients with very severe SOS/VOD at diagnosis and days +3, +7, +14, and +30 post-initiation of defibrotide. Samples from age-matched controls with no VOD were collected at day +14, +30, +60, +90 and +180 following allogeneic HCT. Serum samples were analyzed for 2925 protein levels by antibody-based proximity extension assay (PEA)...

PURPOSE: To implement an approach combining whole blood immune stimulation and causal modelling to estimate the impact of sport-related concussion (SRC) on immune function. METHODS: A prospective, observational cohort study was conducted on athletes participating across 13 university sports at a single academic institute; blood was drawn from 52 athletes, comprised of 22 athletes (n = 11 male, n = 11 female) within seven days of a physician-diagnosed SRC, and 30 healthy athletes (n = 18 female, n = 12 male) at the beginning of their competitive season...

Early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) relies on clinical evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Reliable biomarkers are needed to differentiate MS from other neurological conditions and to define the underlying pathogenesis. This study aimed to comprehensively profile immune activation biomarkers in the CSF of individuals with MS and explore distinct signatures between MS with and without oligoclonal bands (OCB). A total of 118 subjects, including relapsing-remitting MS with OCB (MS OCB+) ( n = 58), without OCB (MS OCB-) ( n = 24), and controls with other neurological diseases (OND) ( n = 36), were included...

OBJECTIVE: To identify urinary biomarkers that can distinguish active renal involvement in Lupus Nephritis (LN), a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Urine from 117 subjects, comprised of inactive SLE, active non-renal lupus, active LN, and healthy controls, were subjected to Proximity Extension Assay (PEA) based comprehensive proteomics followed by ELISA validation in an independent, ethnically diverse cohort. Proteomic data is also cross-referenced to renal transcriptomic data to elucidate cellular origins of biomarkers...

OBJECTIVE: Current breast cancer risk prediction scores and algorithms can potentially be further improved by including molecular markers. To this end, we studied the association of circulating plasma proteins using Proximity Extension Assay (PEA) with incident breast cancer risk. SUBJECTS: In this study, we included 1577 women participating in the prospective KARMA mammographic screening cohort. RESULTS: In a targeted panel of 164 proteins, we found 8 candidates nominally significantly associated with short-term breast cancer risk (P < 0...

BACKGROUND: Biomarkers for diagnosis of inflammatory neuropathies, assessment of prognosis, and treatment response are lacking. METHODS: CSF and EDTA plasma from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), healthy controls (HC) and disease controls were analyzed with Olink multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA) from two independent cohorts. Levels of interleukin-8 (IL8) were further analyzed with ELISA in patients with GBS, CIDP, paraproteinemia-related demyelinating polyneuropathy (PDN), multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), HC and disease controls...

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, mainly due to a lack of early detection and screening methods. Advanced immunoassay techniques, such as Luminex and proximity extension assay (PEA) technology, show promise in improving EOC detection by utilizing highly sensitive and specific multiplex panels to detect multiple combinations of biomarkers. However, these advanced immunoassay techniques have certain limitations, especially in validating the performance characteristics such as specificity, sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD), and dynamic range for each EOC biomarker within the panel...

BACKGROUND: Treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is a substantial burden to healthcare systems worldwide. New tools are needed to improve precision of treatment by optimizing the balance between efficacy, safety, and cost. We developed a high-throughput multi-marker decision support instrument which simultaneously quantifies proteins associated with CVD. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Candidate proteins independently associated with different clinical outcomes were selected from clinical studies by the screening of 368 circulating biomarkers...

BACKGROUND: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a common treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), but its mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Targeted proteomics offers insights into effects of DMF and biomarkers for treatment responses. OBJECTIVES: To assess influence of DMF on inflammation- and neuro-associated proteins in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in MS and to reveal biomarkers for predicting treatment responses. METHODS: Using the high-sensitivity and high-specificity method of proximity extension assay (PEA), we measured 182 inflammation- and neuro-associated proteins in paired plasma (n = 28) and CSF (n = 12) samples before and after one year of DMF treatment...

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries (APCA) are a prevalent condition with severe potential complications. Studies continuously search for innovative biomarkers for APCA, including those participating in cellular metabolic processes, cell adhesion, immune response, and complement activation. This study aimed to assess the relationship between APCA presence and a broad range of cardiometabolic biomarkers in the general population. METHODS: The study group consisted of consecutive participants of the population study Bialystok PLUS...

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that can increase the risk of fractures, leading to adverse health and socioeconomic consequences. However, current clinical methods have limitations in accurately estimating fracture risk, particularly in older adults. Thus, new technologies are necessary to improve the accuracy of fracture risk estimation. In this observational study, we aimed to explore the association between serum cytokines and hip fracture status in older adults, and their associations with fracture risk using the FRAX reference tool...

PURPOSE: The quality of life of worldwide adolescents has been seriously affected by depression. Notably, the inflammatory response is closely associated with the pathophysiology of depression. The present study applied a novel targeted proteomics technology, Olink proximity extension assay (PEA), to profile circulating immune-related proteins in adolescents with depression. METHODS: In the present study, the expression levels of 92 inflammation-related proteins were compared between adolescents with depression (ADs) (n=15) and healthy controls (HCs) (n=15), using the OLINK PEA inflammation panel...

The field of biomarker discovery is rapidly expanding. The introduction of ultrasensitive immunoassays and the growing precision of genetic technologies are poised to revolutionise the assessment and monitoring of many diseases. Given the difficulties in imaging and tissue diagnosis, there is mounting interest in serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of peripheral neuropathy. Realised and potential fluid biomarkers of peripheral nerve disease include neuronal biomarkers of axonal degeneration, glial biomarkers for peripheral demyelinating disorders, immunopathogenic biomarkers (such as the presence and titre of antibodies or the levels of cytokines) and genetic biomarkers...