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RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Ulyana Kuz, Svitlana Maliuvanchuk, Roman Herych, Petro Herych
This study aimed to determine the efficacy of a combined physical therapy and pharmacological treatment for patients recovering from stage III COPD exacerbation. The efficacy of the rehabilitation program was assessed using anthropological parameters, physical condition, respiratory system function, and functional endurance capacity. Data were collected from 39 patients with stage III COPD who underwent the rehabilitation program. Physical and anthropometric assessments were conducted using the Quetelet Body Mass Index, the Pignet Index, and the Vital Capacity Index (VCI)...
December 2023: Journal of Medicine and Life
#2
REVIEW
Kathryn M Milne, Reid A Mitchell, Olivia N Ferguson, Alanna S Hind, Jordan A Guenette
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous respiratory condition characterized by symptoms of dyspnea, cough, and sputum production. We review sex-differences in disease mechanisms, structure-function-symptom relationships, responses to therapies, and clinical outcomes in COPD with a specific focus on dyspnea. Females with COPD experience greater dyspnea and higher morbidity compared to males. Imaging studies using chest computed tomography scans have demonstrated that females with COPD tend to have smaller airways than males as well as a lower burden of emphysema...
2024: Frontiers in Medicine
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ninand T Maniar, M Bradley Drummond
COPD is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality both in the US and worldwide. LGBTQ+ individuals (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer with the plus sign indicating inclusion of people who are questioning, intersex, asexual, or who hold other gender/sex/romantic identities not specifically identified) have a higher rate of tobacco smoking, predisposing them to an increased risk of developing COPD. Despite this risk, the burden of COPD in LGBTQ+ individuals is not known. Moreover, there is limited focus on efforts to identify and reduce disease risk in this population...
April 1, 2024: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: Journal of the COPD Foundation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brandon Luu, Anu Chinnadurai, Omer Choudhary, Nikki Breede, Lee Fidler, Clodagh Ryan, Hashim Khan, Ambrose Lau, Alina Blazer, Kirsten Wentlandt, Dmitry Rozenberg
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary inhaler therapy is a core treatment modality for >600 million individuals affected by obstructive airways disease globally. Poor inhaler technique is associated with reduced disease control and increased health care utilization; however, many patients rely on the internet as a technical resource. This study assesses the content and quality of online resources describing inhaler techniques. METHODS: A Google search was conducted in April 2023 capturing the top 5 search results for 12 common inhaler devices...
March 26, 2024: Respiratory Medicine
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiankang Wu, Weiwei Meng, Yiming Ma, Zhiqi Zhao, Ruoyan Xiong, Jiayu Wang, Rui Zhao, Huihui Zeng, Yan Chen
BACKGROUND: Smoking remains a major risk factor for the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Due to the adolescent smoking associated with worse health state, the age, at which an individual started smoking, might play a key role in shaping the trajectory of COPD development and the severity. METHODS: We conducted an observational study from September 2016 through January 2023 of eligible patients hospitalized with COPD. Patients who started smoking during the alveolar development stage (ADS, smoking initiation ≤ 24 years old) were defined as early smoking patients, and patients who started smoking after ADS (smoking initiation > 24 years old) were defined as late smoking patients...
March 25, 2024: Respiratory Research
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sun Hye Shin, Taeyun Kim, Hyunsoo Kim, Juhee Cho, Danbee Kang, Hye Yun Park
BACKGROUND: The effects of smoking reduction on the incidence of lung cancer in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are not well known. This study aimed to investigate the effects of changes in smoking habits after COPD diagnosis on lung cancer development in patients who smoked less than 30 pack-years. METHODS: This nationwide retrospective cohort study included 16,832 patients with COPD who smoked less than 30 pack-years at the time of COPD diagnosis...
March 18, 2024: Respiratory Research
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui Qin, Zhao Liu, An-Qi Cheng, Xin-Mei Zhou, Zheng Su, Zi-Yang Cui, Jin-Xuan Li, Xiao-Wen Wei, Liang Zhao, Kian Fan Chung, Dan Xiao, Chen Wang
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Nicotine metabolic ratio (NMR) has been associated with nicotine metabolism and smoking characteristics. However, there are few studies on the potential association between NMR and smoking cessation efficacy in smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China or elsewhere. METHODS: This study was a stratified block randomized controlled trial for smoking cessation in Chinese smokers with COPD. NMR was used as a stratification factor; slow metabolizers were defined as those with NMR <0...
March 17, 2024: Respirology: Official Journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Efthymia Papadopoulou, Anna-Bettina Haidich, Alexander Mathioudakis, Drosos Tsavlis, Konstantina Papadopoulou, Rena Oikonomidou, Panagiotis Bogiatzidis, Stavros Tryfon
BACKGROUND: Smoking poses the most common risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and aggravates disease progression. Tobacco dependence inhibits smoking cessation and may affect smoking patterns that increase tobacco exposure and predispose to lung function decline. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess tobacco dependence in current smokers with and without COPD and evaluate its role in disease development. METHOD: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Greek rural areas...
2024: Chronic Respiratory Disease
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beibei Song, Honglin Li, Huiran Zhang, Libin Jiao, Siyu Wu
The prevalence of dual usage and the relatively low cessation rate among e-cigarette (EC) users suggest that ECs have not demonstrated significant effectiveness as a smoking cessation tool. Furthermore, there has been a substantial increase in the prevalence of EC usage in recent years. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the association between EC use and the incidence of respiratory symptoms and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A total of 10,326 participants aged between 20 and 55 years, without any respiratory diseases or COPD, were recruited for the study...
March 7, 2024: Scientific Reports
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nina Brünés, Mette Bendtz Lindstroem, Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, Ove Andersen, Marianne Lisby, Nina Skavlan Godtfredsen, Tina Leth Hansen, Charlotta Pisinger, Vibeke Graven, Kristoffer Marsaa, Laura Hohwü Thomsen
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease associated with premature death. Tobacco exposure is the main risk factor, but lower socioeconomic status, early life insults, and occupational exposures are also important risk factors. Socially marginalized people, facing homelessness, substance use disorder, and mental illness, are likely to have a higher risk of developing COPD, and, furthermore, experience barriers to healthcare access and consequently poorer outcomes...
March 5, 2024: BMC Pulmonary Medicine
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chinonye Doris Onuzulu, Samantha Lee, Sujata Basu, Jeannette Comte, Yan Hai, Nikho Hizon, Shivam Chadha, Maria Shenna Fauni, Andrew J Halayko, Christopher D Pascoe, Meaghan J Jones
Smoking is a potent cause of asthma exacerbations, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and many other health defects, and changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) have been identified as a potential link between smoking and these health outcomes. However, most studies of smoking and DNAm have been done using blood and other easily accessible tissues in humans, while evidence from more directly affected tissues such as the lungs is lacking. Here, we identified DNAm patterns in the lungs that are altered by smoking...
December 2024: Epigenetics: Official Journal of the DNA Methylation Society
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rohini J Patel, Sina Zarrintan, Nishita R Vootukuru, Shatha H Allah, Ann Gaffey, Mahmoud B Malas
OBJECTIVE: Emphasis on tobacco cessation, given the urgent and emergent nature of vascular surgery, is less prevalent than standard elective cases such as hernia repairs, cosmetic surgery, and bariatric procedures. The goal of this study is to determine the effect of active smoking on claudicating individuals undergoing peripheral vascular interventions (PVIs). Our goal is to determine if a greater emphasis on education should be placed on smoking cessation in nonurgent cases scheduled through clinic visits and not the Emergency Department...
March 2, 2024: Journal of Vascular Surgery
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cheol Min Lee, Yoo-Bin Seo, Yu-Jin Paek, Eon Sook Lee, Hye Seon Kang, Soo Young Kim, Sungwon Roh, Dong Won Park, Yoo Suk An, Sang-Ho Jo
Although major countries, such as South Korea, have developed and disseminated national smoking cessation guidelines, these efforts have been limited to developing individual societies or specialized institution-based recommendations. Therefore, evidence-based clinical guidelines are essential for developing smoking cessation interventions and promoting effective smoking cessation treatments. This guideline targets frontline clinical practitioners involved in a smoking cessation treatment support program implemented in 2015 with the support of the National Health Insurance Service...
February 28, 2024: Korean Journal of Family Medicine
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meng Wang, Qing Cheng, Zehong Wu, Longjiang Fan, Linghui Zeng, Hongyu Chen
Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is known to cause injury to respiratory tract epithelial cells and is a contributing factor in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are gaining popularity as a potential substitute for conventional cigarettes due to their potential for aiding smoking cessation. However, the safety of e-cigarettes remains uncertain, and scientific evidence on this topic is still limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of CS and e-cigarette smoke (ECS) of different flavors on human lung bronchial epithelial cells...
February 23, 2024: Scientific Reports
#15
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Kate Petrie, Michael J Abramson, Johnson George
BACKGROUND: US Preventive Services Taskforce recommends against screening for COPD in asymptomatic adults due to limited evidence on the efficacy of treatments for this population. However, global and Australian guidelines recommend a case-finding approach where those with symptoms and/or risk factors, including smoking, are screened. This study aims to explore patient characteristics by time of COPD diagnosis and the effectiveness of early treatment in those with or without symptoms...
2024: International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zerihun Hailemariam Nagasi, Naomi Nommi, Congjian Liu, Yohannes Tesfaigzi
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure but can be often progressive even in former smokers. Exposure of mice to CS for 22 weeks causes emphysema, but whether emphysema persists after cessation of CS exposure is not clear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether emphysema persists in mice following a recovery period of 22 wks and whether a susceptibility factor, such as deficiency in the Bcl-2-interacting killer (Bik), is required for this persistence...
February 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xander Bertels, James C Ross, Rosa Faner, Michael H Cho, M Arfan Ikram, Guy G Brusselle, Lies Lahousse
BACKGROUND: The determinants and health outcomes of lung function trajectories in adults among the general population are poorly understood. We aimed to identify and characterise clusters of lung function trajectories in adults aged ≥45 years. METHODS: Gaussian finite-mixture modelling was applied to baseline and annualised change of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1 /FVC ratio z-scores in participants of the Rotterdam Study, a prospective population-based cohort study, with repeated spirometry (n=3884; mean±sd age 64...
January 2024: ERJ Open Research
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kurtis F Budden, Shakti D Shukla, Kate L Bowerman, Annalicia Vaughan, Shaan L Gellatly, David L A Wood, Nancy Lachner, Sobia Idrees, Saima Firdous Rehman, Alen Faiz, Vyoma K Patel, Chantal Donovan, Charlotte A Alemao, Sj Shen, Nadia Amorim, Rajib Majumder, Kanth S Vanka, Jazz Mason, Tatt Jhong Haw, Bree Tillet, Michael Fricker, Simon Keely, Nicole Hansbro, Gabrielle T Belz, Jay Horvat, Thomas Ashhurst, Caryn van Vreden, Helen McGuire, Barbara Fazekas de St Groth, Nicholas J C King, Ben Crossett, Stuart J Cordwell, Lorenzo Bonaguro, Joachim L Schultze, Emma E Hamilton-Williams, Elizabeth Mann, Samuel C Forster, Matthew A Cooper, Leopoldo N Segal, Sanjay H Chotirmall, Peter Collins, Rayleen Bowman, Kwun M Fong, Ian A Yang, Peter A B Wark, Paul G Dennis, Philip Hugenholtz, Philip M Hansbro
OBJECTIVE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of global illness and death, most commonly caused by cigarette smoke. The mechanisms of pathogenesis remain poorly understood, limiting the development of effective therapies. The gastrointestinal microbiome has been implicated in chronic lung diseases via the gut-lung axis, but its role is unclear. DESIGN: Using an in vivo mouse model of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced COPD and faecal microbial transfer (FMT), we characterised the faecal microbiota using metagenomics, proteomics and metabolomics...
February 8, 2024: Gut
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
The methacholine challenge test (MCT) is a standard evaluation method of assessing airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and its severity, and has significant clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma. A consensus working group consisting of experts from the Pulmonary Function and Clinical Respiratory Physiology Committee of the Chinese Association of Chest Physicians, the Task Force for Pulmonary Function of the Chinese Thoracic Society, and the Pulmonary Function Group of Respiratory Branch of the Chinese Geriatric Society jointly developed this consensus...
February 12, 2024: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
#20
REVIEW
Bo Chen, Guangyi Zeng, Lulu Sun, Changtao Jiang
Tobacco smoking is a prevalent and detrimental habit practiced worldwide, increasing the risk of various diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, liver disease, and cancer. Although previous research has explored the detrimental health effects of tobacco smoking, recent studies suggest that gut microbiota dysbiosis may play a critical role in these outcomes. Numerous tobacco smoke components, such as nicotine, are found in the gastrointestinal tract and interact with gut microbiota, leading to lasting impacts on host health and diseases...
January 19, 2024: Science China. Life Sciences
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