radio

Microglia seed the embryonic neuro-epithelium, expand and actively sculpt neuronal circuits in the developing central nervous system, but eventually adopt relative quiescence and ramified morphology in the adult. Here, we probed the impact of post-transcriptional control by microRNAs (miRNAs) on microglial performance during development and adulthood by generating mice lacking microglial Dicer expression at these distinct stages. Conditional Dicer ablation in adult microglia revealed that miRNAs were required to limit microglial responses to challenge...

Although it has previously been shown that the spectral analysis of ultrasound backscatter data is sensitive to the cellular changes caused by apoptosis, the sensitivity of spectral analysis to oncosis or ischemic cell death had not previously been studied. Whereas many anticancer treatments induce apoptosis, others induce cell starvation, or oncosis. HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells were formed into pellets and covered in phosphate-buffered saline at room temperature for 56 h. The pellets were imaged every 8 h with high-frequency (55 MHz) ultrasound and the raw radio-frequency data processed...

Low modulus, compliant systems of sensors, circuits and radios designed to intimately interface with the soft tissues of the human body are of growing interest, due to their emerging applications in continuous, clinical-quality health monitors and advanced, bioelectronic therapeutics. Although recent research establishes various materials and mechanics concepts for such technologies, all existing approaches involve simple, two-dimensional (2D) layouts in the constituent micro-components and interconnects. Here we introduce concepts in three-dimensional (3D) architectures that bypass important engineering constraints and performance limitations set by traditional, 2D designs...

PURPOSE  : Temporal Enhanced Ultrasound (TeUS) has been proposed as a new paradigm for tissue characterization based on a sequence of ultrasound radio frequency (RF) data. We previously used TeUS to successfully address the problem of prostate cancer detection in the fusion biopsies. METHODS  : In this paper, we use TeUS to address the problem of grading prostate cancer in a clinical study of 197 biopsy cores from 132 patients. Our method involves capturing high-level latent features of TeUS with a deep learning approach followed by distribution learning to cluster aggressive cancer in a biopsy core...

BACKGROUND: Clinical outcomes of terrible triad injuries (TTIs) of the elbow are historically poor. To date, it is still debatable whether the coronoid needs to be fixed and if so, how and in which sequence. METHODOLOGY: Between 2010 and 2013, 13 patients were treated surgically for acute TTIs of the elbow at a Tertiary Level 1 Trauma Centre by a single surgeon, using a standardized protocol, which included coronoid-brachialis complex fixation via pull-through trans-osseous sutures, radial head fixation or prosthetic replacement and a repair of the lateral ulnar collateral ligament...

BACKGROUND: Primary squamous cell cancer (PSCC) of thyroid is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis. It is mandatory to exclude secondary involvement of the thyroid by panendoscopy, CT-scan and immunohistochemical analysis. As treatment surgery, radiation and rarely chemotherapy is employed. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was conducted searching medline and embase database using the medical subject headings "primary squamous cell carcinoma of thyroid" and "primary squamous cell cancer of thyroid", for articles published until April 2016 (n=1733)...

BACKGROUND: An ideal electronic anesthesia recording system would be capable of not only recording physiological data but also injectable drug doses given, including those given incrementally from one syringe, without recourse to manual data entry. We compared 2 prototype devices which wirelessly recognized individual syringes and measured changes in their plunger positions via 2 different optical noncontact means, allowing calculation of incremental drug doses given. METHODS: Both devices incorporated a radio-frequency identification reader, which wirelessly read a unique code from a radio-frequency identification tag within syringe drug labels...

Additive manufacturing through material extrusion, often termed three-dimensional (3D) printing, is a burgeoning method for manufacturing thermoplastic components. However, a key obstacle facing 3D-printed plastic parts in engineering applications is the weak weld between successive filament traces, which often leads to delamination and mechanical failure. This is the chief obstacle to the use of thermoplastic additive manufacturing. We report a novel concept for welding 3D-printed thermoplastic interfaces using intense localized heating of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by microwave irradiation...

Collision-induced dissociation (CID) is the most common tool for molecular analysis in mass spectrometry to date. However, there are difficulties associated with many applications because CID does not provide sufficient information to permit details of the molecular structures to be elucidated, including post-translational-modifications in proteomics, as well as isomer differentiation in metabolomics and lipidomics. To face these challenges, we are developing fast electron-based dissociation devices using a novel radio-frequency ion trap (i...

BACKGROUND: Adequate nutrition during infancy and early childhood is essential to ensure the health, growth and development of children. However, infant feeding practice is suboptimal in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. The slum area is a heavily populated urban informal settlement characterized by substandard housing, squalor, with a lack of reliable sanitation services, supply of clean water, reliable electricity, law enforcement and other basic services. Residents of the slum area were poor and less educated...

In renal proximal tubule cells, the organic anion transporters 1 and 3 (OAT1 and OAT3) in the basolateral membrane and the multi drug resistance-associated protein 4 (MRP4) in the apical membrane share substrates and co-operate in renal drug secretion. We hypothetized that recently identified MRP4 inhibitors, dantrolene, glafenine, nalidixic acid, and prazosin, also interact with human OAT1 and/or OAT3 stably transfected in HEK293 cells. These four drugs were tested as possible inhibitors of p-[3H]aminohippurate (PAH) and [14C]glutarate uptake by OAT1, and of [3H]estrone-3-sulfate (ES) uptake by OAT3...

BACKGROUND: There are two lymphatic flows in lower rectal cancer; one along the inferior mesenteric artery and another towards the internal iliac artery. The benefit of dissection of lateral pelvic (LP) lymph nodes (LPLN) remains controversial. This study aimed to clarify the possibility of detecting the sentinel node (SN) of the LP region (LPSN) and examine metastasis, including micrometastasis, using a radio isotope (RI) method. METHODS: In total, 62 patients with clinical (c)T1-T4 rectal cancer were enrolled in this study (11, 16 and 35 patients had tumor located in the upper, middle and lower rectal third, respectively)...

To achieve radio frequency (RF) power detection, gain control, and circuit protection, this paper presents n⁺ GaAs/AuGeNi-Au thermocouple-type RF microelectromechanical system (MEMS) power sensors based on dual thermal flow paths. The sensors utilize a conversion principle of RF power-heat-voltage, where a thermovoltage is obtained as the RF power changes. To improve the heat transfer efficiency and the sensitivity, structures of two heat conduction paths are designed: one in which a thermal slug of Au is placed between two load resistors and hot junctions of the thermocouples, and one in which a back cavity is fabricated by the MEMS technology to form a substrate membrane underneath the resistors and the hot junctions...

In this contribution we used solid state (35)Cl (I=3/2) quadrupolar NMR to study a MgCl2/2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane (DMDOMe) adduct that serves as a model system for Ziegler-Natta catalysis. Employing large Radio-Frequency (RF) field strengths we observe three spectral features with strongly varying line widths. The assignment of the spectra is complicated because of the large difference in quadrupolar interactions experienced by the different sites in the system. The satellite transitions (ST) of relatively well-defined bulk Cl sites are partially excited and may overlap with the central transition (CT) resonances of more distorted surface sites...

Aloperine (ALO), an isolated alkaloid from the leaves of Sophora alopecuroides (S. alopecuroides), has been suggested to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties, and has been traditionally used to treat various diseases, including cancers. However, little is known about the effects of ALO on the radio-sensitivity of lung cancer cells. In the present study, we confirmed that agent ALO inhibits cell growth, promotes cell aopotosis and induces G1 phase arrest and consequently enhanced the radio-sensitivity in radio-resistant lung cancer cells A549/IR...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1/mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Rac1/MAPK/ERK) signal pathway in rats with ventilator induced lung injury (VILI) and its mechanism. METHODS: Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into spontaneous respiration group, normal tidal volume (VT) group and high VT group with 10 rats in each group. The rats in spontaneous respiration group were kept their spontaneous breathing...

INTRODUCTION: Transplacental fetal glucose supply is predominantly regulated by glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1). Altered expression and/or function of GLUT1 may affect the intrauterine environment, which could compromise fetal development and may contribute to fetal programming. To date it is unknown whether placental GLUT1 is affected by preeclampsia, which is often associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). We addressed the hypothesis that preeclampsia leads to decreased expression and function of placental GLUT1...

The coating of nanoparticles on materials for medical application [e.g., the coating of Fe₃O₄ nanopowder (IONP) with a carbon nanolayer] serves to protect and modify the selected biological, physical, and chemical properties of the coated material. Increases in chemical stability, changes in biocompatibility, and a modified surface structure are examples of the effects caused by the formation of carbon coatings. In the current study, Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were coated with a carbon nanolayer (IONP@C) in a plasmochemical reactor (using radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition methods) under various experimental conditions...

Instrumentation for optically-pumped and optically-detected nuclear magnetic resonance (OPNMR and ODNMR) has been developed and implemented as a single experimental apparatus to study semiconductors such as GaAs and CdTe. These two measurement schemes use many of the same components for experiments. Here we describe, in two parts, the apparatus that can record such measurements and give examples of representative data. In Part 1, the radio-frequency probe and low-temperature cryostat are described, including single-channel and two-channel static cryogenic probes that both incorporate a modified solenoid coil that permits better optical access...

INTRODUCTION: Fluoroscopy is widely used during endourologic procedures and is associated with treatment required radiation exposure. Our objective was to estimate patient radiation exposure during fluoroscopy with either a fixed table or portable C-arm using a validated anthropomorphic adult male model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A validated male anthropomorphic model was placed supine on both a cystoscopy operating room table and a fixed fluoroscopy table unit. Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor dosimeters were placed at 20 organ-specific locations in the model to measure organ specific dosages...