keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515784/mormyrid-fish-as-models-for-investigating-sensory-motor-integration-a-behavioural-perspective
#21
REVIEW
S Skeels, G von der Emde, T Burt de Perera
Animals possess senses which gather information from their environment. They can tune into important aspects of this information and decide on the most appropriate response, requiring coordination of their sensory and motor systems. This interaction is bidirectional. Animals can actively shape their perception with self-driven motion, altering sensory flow to maximise the environmental information they are able to extract. Mormyrid fish are excellent candidates for studying sensory-motor interactions, because they possess a unique sensory system (the active electric sense) and exhibit notable behaviours that seem to be associated with electrosensing...
April 2023: Journal of Zoology: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514008/influence-of-humeral-position-of-the-affinis-short%C3%A2-stemless-shoulder-arthroplasty-system-on-long-term-survival-and-clinical-outcome
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Agnieszka Halm-Pozniak, Christian Riediger, Elisabeth Kopsch, Friedemann Awiszus, Christoph H Lohmann, Alexander Berth
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of humeral position of Affinis short implant in stemless anatomic total shoulder arthroplasties (STSA) on clinical and radiological results and mid- to long-term survival in the treatment of primary osteoarthritis (OA) of the shoulder. METHODS: 80 patients treated with a stemless shoulder arthroplasty for OA of the shoulder were evaluated with a mean follow-up (FU) of 92 ± 14 months (range 69 to 116 months) by Constant (CS)-Score, Disability of Shoulder, Arm and Hand (DASH)-Score and active range of motion (ROM)...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510062/novel-muscle-sensing-by-radiomyography-rmg-and-its-application-to-hand-gesture-recognition
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zijing Zhang, Edwin C Kan
Conventional electromyography (EMG) measures the continuous neural activity during muscle contraction, but lacks explicit quantification of the actual contraction. Mechanomyography (MMG) and accelerometers only measure body surface motion, while ultrasound, CT-scan and MRI are restricted to in-clinic snapshots. Here we propose a novel radiomyography (RMG) for continuous muscle actuation sensing that can be wearable or touchless, capturing both superficial and deep muscle groups. We verified RMG experimentally by a wearable forearm sensor for hand gesture recognition (HGR)...
September 2023: IEEE Sensors Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507449/myosin-5-varies-its-step-length-to-carry-cargo-straight-along-the-irregular-f-actin-track
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam Fineberg, Yasuharu Takagi, Kavitha Thirumurugan, Joanna Andrecka, Neil Billington, Gavin Young, Daniel Cole, Stan A Burgess, Alistair P Curd, John A Hammer, James R Sellers, Philipp Kukura, Peter J Knight
Molecular motors employ chemical energy to generate unidirectional mechanical output against a track while navigating a chaotic cellular environment, potential disorder on the track, and against Brownian motion. Nevertheless, decades of nanometer-precise optical studies suggest that myosin-5a, one of the prototypical molecular motors, takes uniform steps spanning 13 subunits (36 nm) along its F-actin track. Here, we use high-resolution interferometric scattering microscopy to reveal that myosin takes strides spanning 22 to 34 actin subunits, despite walking straight along the helical actin filament...
March 26, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502679/a-rotational-study-of-2-tert-butylphenol-and-its-1-1-argon-complex
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenqin Li, Domingo Heras, Assimo Maris, Sonia Melandri, Alberto Lesarri, Luca Evangelisti
The chirped-pulse Fourier Transform microwave spectrum of 2-tert-butylphenol, an industrial intermediate for the production of antioxidants, has been investigated in the 2-8 GHz frequency range. The spectral analysis has allowed obtaining precise structural information on the most stable conformer and its complex with argon. The conformation of the monomer reveals that the hydroxyl group is coplanar with the ring but points in the opposite direction to the tert-butyl group, reducing steric interactions. In the terbutyl group one methyl group is coplanar and the other two are symmetrically staggered respect to the ring...
March 19, 2024: Chemphyschem: a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501246/picosecond-quantum-classical-dynamics-reveals-that-the-coexistence-of-light-induced-microbial-and-animal-chromophore-rotary-motion-modulates-the-isomerization-quantum-yield-of-heliorhodopsin
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Riccardo Palombo, Leonardo Barneschi, Laura Pedraza-González, Xuchun Yang, Massimo Olivucci
Rhodopsins are light-responsive proteins forming two vast and evolutionary distinct superfamilies whose functions are invariably triggered by the photoisomerization of a single retinal chromophore. In 2018 a third widespread superfamily of rhodopsins called heliorhodopsins was discovered using functional metagenomics. Heliorhodopsins, with their markedly different structural features with respect to the animal and microbial superfamilies, offer an opportunity to study how evolution has manipulated the chromophore photoisomerization to achieve adaptation...
March 19, 2024: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics: PCCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500012/utilizing-the-pronated-forearm-technique-for-measuring-glenohumeral-external-rotation-in-baseball-players
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aaron Sciascia, Michael Smith, Joseph Holstedt, Logan Mattingly, W Ben Kibler
BACKGROUND: Alterations in glenohumeral internal rotation (GIR), glenohumeral external rotation (GER), and total range of motion (TROM) have been linked with increased injury risk. GER capacity has been measured routinely with the forearm in neutral rotation (GERN), but a recent study reported GERN was greater than GER with the forearm in pronation (GERP) in Minor League pitchers. This work has not yet been replicated or extended to other groups. HYPOTHESIS: GERP would be significantly less than GERN in Independent League baseball pitchers, and there would be no difference in GERP or GERN measurements between this new group and the previous group of Minor League pitchers...
March 18, 2024: Sports Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498062/imposing-motion-variability-for-ergonomic-human-robot-collaboration
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark Zolotas, Rui Luo, Salah Bazzi, Dipanjan Saha, Katiso Mabulu, Kristian Kloeckl, Taşkın Padır
OCCUPATIONAL APPLICATIONS"Overassistive" robots can adversely impact long-term human-robot collaboration in the workplace, leading to risks of worker complacency, reduced workforce skill sets, and diminished situational awareness. Ergonomics practitioners should thus be cautious about solely targeting widely adopted metrics for improving human-robot collaboration, such as user trust and comfort. By contrast, introducing variability and adaptation into a collaborative robot's behavior could prove vital in preventing the negative consequences of overreliance and overtrust in an autonomous partner...
March 18, 2024: IISE transactions on occupational ergonomics and human factors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497776/measuring-rolling-friction-at-the-nanoscale
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon Scherrer, Shivaprakash N Ramakrishna, Vincent Niggel, Nicholas D Spencer, Lucio Isa
Colloidal probe microscopy, a technique whereby a microparticle is affixed at the end of an atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilever, plays a pivotal role in enabling the measurement of friction at the nanoscale and is of high relevance for applications and fundamental studies alike. However, in conventional experiments, the probe particle is immobilized onto the cantilever, thereby restricting its relative motion against a countersurface to pure sliding. Nonetheless, under many conditions of interest, such as during the processing of particle-based materials, particles are free to roll and slide past each other, calling for the development of techniques capable of measuring rolling friction alongside sliding friction...
March 18, 2024: Langmuir: the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497455/human-observer-sensitivity-to-temporal-noise-during-b-mode-ultrasound-scanning-characterization-and-imaging-implications
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew T Huber, Katelyn M Flint, Patricia J McNally, Sarah C Ellestad, Gregg E Trahey
This work measures temporal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) thresholds that indicate when random noise during ultrasound scanning becomes imperceptible to expert human observers. Visible noise compromises image quality and can potentially lead to non-diagnostic scans. Noise can arise from both stable acoustic sources (clutter) or randomly varying electronic sources (temporal noise). Extensive engineering effort has focused on decreasing noise in both of these categories. In this work, an observer study with five practicing sonographers was performed to assess sonographer sensitivity to temporal noise in ultrasound cine clips...
March 18, 2024: Ultrasonic Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495700/semi-supervised-generative-adversarial-learning-for-denoising-adaptive-optics-retinal-images
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shidan Wang, Kaiwen Li, Qi Yin, Ji Ren, Jie Zhang
This study presents denoiseGAN, a novel semi-supervised generative adversarial network, for denoising adaptive optics (AO) retinal images. By leveraging both synthetic and real-world data, denoiseGAN effectively addresses various noise sources, including blur, motion artifacts, and electronic noise, commonly found in AO retinal imaging. Experimental results demonstrate that denoiseGAN outperforms traditional image denoising methods and the state-of-the-art conditional GAN model, preserving retinal cell structures and enhancing image contrast...
March 1, 2024: Biomedical Optics Express
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490986/large-scale-modular-and-uniformly-thick-origami-inspired-adaptable-and-load-carrying-structures
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Zhu, Evgueni T Filipov
Existing Civil Engineering structures have limited capability to adapt their configurations for new functions, non-stationary environments, or future reuse. Although origami principles provide capabilities of dense packaging and reconfiguration, existing origami systems have not achieved deployable metre-scale structures that can support large loads. Here, we established modular and uniformly thick origami-inspired structures that can deploy into metre-scale structures, adapt into different shapes, and carry remarkably large loads...
March 15, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489319/neural-correlates-of-bilateral-proprioception-and-adaptation-with-training
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastian Rueda Parra, Joel C Perry, Eric T Wolbrecht, Disha Gupta
Bilateral proprioception includes the ability to sense the position and motion of one hand relative to the other, without looking. This sensory ability allows us to perform daily activities seamlessly, and its impairment is observed in various neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy and stroke. It can undergo experience-dependent plasticity, as seen in trained piano players. If its neural correlates were better understood, it would provide a useful assay and target for neurorehabilitation for people with impaired proprioception...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486679/symptom-reduction-in-mal-de-d%C3%A3-barquement-syndrome-with-attenuation-of-the-velocity-storage-contribution-in-the-central-vestibular-pathways
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jun Maruta, Catherine Cho, Theodore Raphan, Sergei B Yakushin
BACKGROUND: The velocity storage mechanism of the central vestibular system is closely associated with the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), but also contributes to the sense of orientation in space and the perception of self-motion. We postulate that mal de débarquement syndrome (MdDS) is a consequence of inappropriate sensory adaptation of velocity storage. The premise that a maladapted velocity storage may be corrected by spatial readaptation of the VOR has recently been translated into the development of the first effective treatment for MdDS...
2024: Front Rehabil Sci
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486313/leveraging-space-flown-technologies-to-deliver-healthcare-with-holographic-physical-examinations
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam Levschuk, Jocelyn Whittal, Ana Luisa Trejos, Adam Sirek
INTRODUCTION: Musculoskeletal injuries are one of the more common injuries in spaceflight. Physical assessment of an injury is essential for diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, when musculoskeletal injuries occur in space, the flight surgeon is limited to two-dimensional videoconferencing and, potentially, observations made by the crew medical officer. To address these limitations, we investigated the feasibility of performing physical examinations on a three-dimensional augmented reality projection using a mixed-reality headset, specifically evaluating a standard shoulder examination...
April 1, 2024: Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485636/observer-based-adaptive-control-for-slung-payload-stabilization-with-a-fully-actuated-multirotor-uav
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jorge M Arizaga, Armando Miranda-Moya, Herman Castañeda, Pedro Castillo
This article presents an observer-based adaptive sliding mode controller for a fully-actuated hexacopter unmanned aerial vehicle, designed for trajectory tracking in a perturbed environment while carrying a cable-suspended payload. Based on the unavailability of a payload swing sensor, an extended high-gain observer is designed to provide full-state and disturbance estimation including payload motion. Such disturbances are compensated into the control loop to dampen the oscillations, thus improving the flight performance of the hexacopter driven by the adaptive control, providing robustness against bounded perturbations and chattering reduction...
February 26, 2024: ISA Transactions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485368/developmental-differences-in-children-s-adaptation-to-vehicle-distance-and-speed-in-street-crossing-decision-making
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinfei Ma, Zhuo Shen, Ning Wang, Xingyao Xiao, Jingyu Zhang
INTRODUCTION: Young children cannot effectively adapt their behaviors to vehicles at varied distances and speeds, which is a critical cause of road accidents. However, the impact of this crucial ability on children's street-crossing decision-making and the age at which they acquire it remain unclear. METHOD: This study examined the crossing decision-making behavior of children at 6, 8, and 11 years of age in facing 51 different videotaped traffic scenarios with varying vehicle distances and speeds...
February 2024: Journal of Safety Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484835/dissociating-the-influence-of-limb-posture-and-visual-feedback-shifts-on-the-adaptation-to-novel-movement-dynamics
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Justin J Fitzgerald, Weiwei Zhou, Steven M Chase, Wilsaan M Joiner
Accurate movements of the upper limb require the integration of various forms of sensory feedback (e.g., visual and postural information). The influence of these different sensory modalities on reaching movements has been largely studied by assessing endpoint errors after selectively perturbing sensory estimates of hand location. These studies have demonstrated that both vision and proprioception make key contributions in determining the reach endpoint. However, their influence on motor output throughout movement remains unclear...
March 12, 2024: Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482421/beginning-of-clinical-treatment-using-the-1-5-tesla-mr-linac-system-in-japan-a-narrative-review
#39
REVIEW
Noriyoshi Takahashi, Shohei Tanaka, Rei Umezawa, Takaya Yamamoto, Yu Suzuki, Keita Kishida, So Omata, Kazuhiro Arai, Yoshiyuki Katsuta, Noriyuki Kadoya, Keiichi Jingu
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In the field of radiation therapy, image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) technology has been gradually improving and highly accurate radiation treatment has been possible. Research on IGRT using 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) began in 1999, and a radiation therapy device called 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance linear accelerator (MR-Linac), which combines a linear accelerator with 1.5 Tesla MRI, was developed in Europe. The aim of this review is to present an overview of 1...
February 29, 2024: Translational Cancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481930/a-tailored-physiotherapy-program-in-a-rare-case-of-bilateral-territorial-cerebral-artery-infarction-with-systemic-lupus-nephritis-a-case-report
#40
Reva D Rajurkar, Nikita H Seth, Nishigandha P Deodhe, Neha Arya
A stroke is a medical emergency that requires rapid treatment. Early intervention can help prevent brain damage and other negative consequences. An ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks or narrows a blood artery leading to the brain. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by systemic inflammation, autoantibodies, and a relapsing-remitting illness. Patients with SLE have an increased cumulative risk of cardiovascular events, including stroke, especially in the first five years after diagnosis...
February 2024: Curēus
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