Cardio, cardiac, diabetes ,dm

OBJECTIVES: Delayed sternal closure (DSC) after cardiac surgery is a temporizing measure to address coagulopathy or haemodynamic instability after cardiac surgery. We sought to study: (i) indications and temporal trends for DSC, (ii) factors associated with time to chest closure and (iii) its impact on short-term and long-term outcomes. METHODS: From January 2007 to December 2017, 494 patients (median age 67 years, 66% males) required DSC after cardiac surgery...

Hypertension poses a significant burden in the general population, being responsible for increasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, leading to adverse outcomes. Moreover, the association of hypertension with dyslipidaemia, obesity, and insulin resistance, also known as metabolic syndrome, further increases the overall cardiovascular risk of an individual. The complex pathophysiological overlap between the components of the metabolic syndrome may in part explain how novel antidiabetic drugs express pleiotropic effects...

Aim      To assess the prevalence of heart failure (HF) in St. Petersburg from 2019 through 2021 based on medical reports.Material and methods  Medical records of 146 912 patients with HF who were managed in St. Petersburg from 2019 through 2021 were analyzed. Prevalence of HF was assessed using a standard ICD-10 I 50.x code for this disease. Also, expanded HF coding was used with ICD-10 codes I09.9, I11.0, I13.0, I13.2, I25.5, I42.0, I42.9, I43.0, I43.1, I43.8, I42.5, I42...

OBJECTIVE: Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and also is associated with a high risk of lethal arrhythmias and sudden death in people with type 1 or 2 diabetes. Heart rate variability (HRV) is an index of cardiac autonomic function. To investigate the relationship between HRV and arterial stiffness evaluated by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), a relatively new marker for arterial stiffness and a predictor of cardiovascular disease, in patients with type 2 diabetes...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global health problem accompanied by an elevated risk of complications, the most common being cardiac and renal diseases. In Lebanon, the prevalence of T2D is estimated at 8-13%. Local medical practice generally suffers from clinical inertia, with gaps in the yearly assessment of clinical manifestations and suboptimal screening for major complications. The joint statement presented here, endorsed by five Lebanese scientific medical societies, aims at providing physicians in Lebanon with a tool for early, effective, and comprehensive care of patients with T2D...

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients undergoing cardiac operation often suffer various metabolic comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity. The metabolic disorders in these individuals are widely considered to be possible predisposing factors for unfavourable prognosis. This retrospective study was aimed to determine the association of metabolic diseases with the mortality of elderly patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and to identify the protective or risk factors related to their short- and long-term survival...

PURPOSE: Ayurvedic system, a traditional medicinal system has mentioned a preparation Bruhat Vata Chintamani Rasa (Suvarnayukta) for management of heart diseases . Hrudroga Chintamani Rasa (HCR) is a formulation containing Bruhat Vata Chintamani Rasa and a few additional ingredients having beneficial effects in heart diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective activity of the Hrudroga Chintamani Rasa in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in rats...

The association between uric acid (UA) and cardio-metabolic conditions has been recognized for a long time. However, recently, a body of evidence has highlighted the independent role of UA in a series of conditions, including renal and cardiovascular diseases. In this light, data regarding the prognostic role of UA in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is scarce. A total number of 100 patients, 59 males and 41 females, diagnosed with ACS were recruited in this study. At the time of admission to the hospital, the serum level of UA was measured...

BACKGROUND: Empagliflozin is a new antidiabetic drug with positive effects on glucose regulation and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The effect of empagliflozin on arrhythmias has not been adequately studied. The index of cardio-electrophysiological balance (iCEB) is a popular marker used to predict ventricular arrhythmias. Therefore, in our study, we aimed to examine the effect of empagliflozin on iCEB and iCEBc in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without heart failure (HF)...

In several clinical investigations performed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with heart failure or chronic kidney disease, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) proved their benefit on cardiac and renal adverse outcomes. Although there is clear evidence regarding the clinical benefits achieved, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying their efficacy are still poorly understood. Some favorable mechanisms are likely related to the induced glycosuria and natriuresis...

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. However, traditional hypoglycemic drugs have limited effects on macrovascular complications of the disease. Clinical trials have confirmed that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), in addition to their capability of controlling blood glucose, can also decrease the risk of cardiovascular events in T2DM. The protective influence of GLP-1RAs on coronary heart disease and heart failure has been proven in recent clinical studies...

The aim of the study was to study the effect of arterial stiffness and multifocal atherosclerosis on the 10-year prognosis of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: Patients with coronary artery disease ( n = 274) who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), in whom cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) was assessed using the VaSera VS-1000 device and the presence of peripheral atherosclerosis in Doppler ultrasound. Groups were distinguished with normal CAVI (<9...

Insights from epidemiological, clinical and basic research are illuminating the interplay between metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and kidney dysfunction, termed cardio-renal-metabolic (CRM) disease. Broadly defined, CRM disease involves multidirectional interactions between metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), various types of CVD and chronic kidney disease (CKD). T2D confers increased risk for heart failure, which-although well known-has only recently come into focus for treatment, and may differ by ethnicity, whereas atherosclerotic heart disease is a well-established complication of T2D...

SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2Is) have significantly improved cardio-renal outcomes and are preferred agents in people with cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. Similarly, GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have significantly improved atherosclerotic cardiovascular outcomes. To this end, DPP-4 inhibitors (DPP-4Is) are cardiac-neutral drugs. While long-acting GLP-1RAs have shown a favorable HbA1c lowering compared to DPP-4Is, there is no clinically meaningful HbA1c lowering difference between SGLT-2Is vs DPP-4Is...

A 75-year-old Caucasian female with a past medical history including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, presented to the emergency room for having palpitations for three weeks. Echocardiography revealed a very large left atrial mass mimicking myxoma. Mass was excised and examined by pathology, revealing a mural thrombus. A mural thrombus is not an uncommon mass found in the left atrium. However, it does not often present symptomatically, strongly mimics an atrial myxoma on cardiac imaging, and has rarely ever been reported to be greater than seven centimeters in any dimension...

Background: Cardiac AL amyloidosis as a complication of multiple myeloma (MM) is a formidable life-threatening condition. The first-line therapy for both MM and systemic AL amyloidosis is proteasome inhibitors (PIs). Unfortunately, the use of PIs may lead to cardiovascular toxicity development, which requires specific cardio-oncology supervision. Case Report: A 57-year-old woman was admitted to a university hospital with clinical manifestation of progressive chronic heart failure...

BACKGROUND: Arterial stiffness represents an established cardiovascular risk marker. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have significant cardio-protective effects. Herein we sought to determine the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on pulse wave velocity (PWV). METHODS: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and grey literature from inception to 7th February 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling adult subjects with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), assigned to a SGLT-2 inhibitor versus control and addressing their effect on PWV...

BACKGROUND: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) the vaso-vagal syncope (VVS) recurrence could be due to the alteration of autonomic system function, evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV), and by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-mIBG) myocardial scintigraphy indexes: Heart to Mediastinum ratio (H/Mlate ), and Washout rate (WR). The SGLT2-I could modulate/reduce autonomic dysfunction in T2DM patients with VVS. This effect could reduce the VVS recurrence in T2DM patients...

OBJECTIVES: Identifying the risks for chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) after lung transplantation (LTx) is beneficial to the patient. We hypothesized that diabetes mellitus (DM) is relevant to CLAD development. Our study aimed to clarify if DM is a risk for poor post-LTx outcomes. METHODS: The records of patients first undergoing LTx in our institution between 2010 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Patient characteristics and postoperative outcomes were analysed...

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Hyponatremia, a marker of illness severity and poor prognosis, is commonly exhibited in patients with CKD. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included patients hospitalized due to heart failure (HF). We used stepwise logistic regression to investigate the independent association of cardiovascular drugs, markers of HF severity, and baseline clinical characteristics with hyponatremia in three subgroups; normal renal function, mild-to-moderate CKD, and severe CKD...