Marathon

BACKGROUND: Despite the numerous health benefits of distance running, it is also associated with the development of 'gradual onset running-related injuries' (GORRIs) one of which is Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS). Novel risk factors associated with a history of ITBS (hITBS) have not been described in a large cohort of distance runners. OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with hITBS in distance runners. DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study...

PURPOSE: Calf muscles play an important role in marathon race, and the incidence of injury is high in this process. This study prospectively quantified diffusion tensor metrics, muscle fat fraction (MFF) and cross-sectional area (CSA) of calf muscles induced by endurance exercise in amateur marathoners, and the potential mechanisms underlying the changes in these parameters were analyzed. METHOD: In this prospective study, 35 marathoners (27 males, 8 females; mean age (standard deviation, SD), 38...

INTRODUCTION: Endurance exercise at altitude can increase cardiac output and pulmonary vascular pressure to levels that may exceed the stress-tolerability of the alveolar-capillary unit. This study examined the effect of ultra-marathon trail racing at different altitudes (ranging from <1000 m to between 1500 - 2700 m) on alveolar-capillary recruitment and lung diffusion. METHODS: Cardiac and lung function were examined before and after an ultra-marathon in 67 runners (age:41 ± 9y, BMI:23 ± 2 kg/m2, 10 females), and following 12-24 h of recovery in a subset (n = 27)...

This document presents a study on the relationship between physical characteristics, respiratory muscle capacity, and performance in amateur half-marathon runners. The aim of this study was to establish a preliminary predictive model to provide insights into training and health management for runners. Participants were recruited from the 2023 Beijing Olympic Forest Park Half-Marathon, comprising 233 individuals. Personal information including age, gender, height, weight, and other relevant factors were collected, and standardized testing methods were used to measure various parameters...

The 50-km ultra-marathon is a popular race distance, slightly longer than the classic marathon distance. However, little is known about the country of affiliation and age of the fastest 50-km ultra-marathon runners and where the fastest races are typically held. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate a large dataset of race records for the 50-km distance race to identify the country of affiliation and the age of the fastest runners as well as the locations of the fastest races. A total of 1,398,845 50-km race records (men, n = 1,026,546; women, n = 372,299) were analyzed using both descriptive statistics and advanced regression techniques...

Mass participation events include endurance events (e.g., marathon, triathlon) and/or competitive tournaments (e.g., baseball, tennis, football (soccer) tournaments). Event management requires medical administrative and participant care planning. Medical management provides safety advice and care at the event that accounts for large numbers of participants, anticipated injury and illness, variable environment, repeated games or matches, and mixed age groups of varying athletic ability. This document does not pertain to the care of the spectator...

Thermal safety guidelines with upper thresholds aim to protect athletes' health, yet evidence-based sport-specific thresholds remain unestablished. Experimenting with athletes in severely hot conditions raises ethical concerns, so we used a thermo-physiological model to validate the thresholds of guidelines for outdoor sports. First, the reproducibility of the joint system thermoregulation model (JOS-3) of core temperature has been validated for 18 sports experiments ( n  = 213) and 11 general exercise experiments ( n  = 121) using the Bland - Altman analysis...

Post ambulatory swollen hands (POTASH) is an acquired condition characterized by swelling of the hands, thumbs, and fingers following either walking, hiking, or running; no other body sites are swollen. The asymptomatic hand swelling begins in adulthood and recurs after adequate ambulation. A distinctive feature of POTASH that is often present is a positive fist sign demonstrated by the inability of the affected person to clench their fingers into the palm and form a fist. POTASH usually resolves spontaneously within a few hours after stopping ambulation; however, less frequently, it can persist for one or two days...

Marathon running significantly increases breathing volumes and, consequently, air pollution inhalation doses. This is of special concern for elite athletes who ventilate at very high rates. However, race organizers and sport governing bodies have little guidance to support events scheduling to protect runners. A key limitation is the lack of hyper-local, high temporal resolution air quality data representative of exposure along the racecourse. This work aimed to understand the air pollution exposures and dose inhaled by athletes, by means of a dynamic monitoring methodology designed for road races...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to describe injury patterns and healthcare utilisation of marathon runners. METHODS: This was a previously reported 16-week prospective observational study of runners training for the New York City Marathon. Runners completed a baseline survey including demographics, running experience and marathon goal. Injury surveys were collected every 4 weeks during training, as well as 1 week before and 1 week after the race...

A 56-year-old healthy woman presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by ruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm and was treated with internal trapping of the affected site including the aneurysm. She suffered rebleeding due to recanalization of the aneurysm 5 days after the first treatment. Because of the close proximity of the coil mass to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) origin at first treatment, additional coil embolization by tight packing of the coil mass was planned. However, navigation of the microcatheter into the coil mass was challenging due to the tightly packed coil mass...

BACKGROUND: Marathon training can reverse bone marrow conversion; however, little is known about the normal bone marrow whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI) signal characteristics of amateur marathon runners. If marathon training can cause diffuse hyperintensity of bone marrow on WB-DWI is essential for correctly interpreting the diffusion-weighted (DW) images. This study sought to evaluate the WB-DWI signal characteristics of normal bone marrow in amateur marathon runners. METHODS: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 30 amateur marathon runners who had trained for over 3 years for regular or half-marathon races and had a running frequency of more than 20 days a month at a distance of more than 100 km per month from the Chengde Marathon Outdoor Sports Association in Hebei, China, and 30 age- and gender-matched, healthy volunteers (the control group) who had no long-term heavy-load sports history were recruited between April 2021 to September 2021...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Compared with other sports, running is popular sport for children throughout the world. Over the last few decades, marathon running has become increasingly popular even in the age group below 18 years. While the majority of youth athletes fall within the 16-18 age range, it is noteworthy that there are also participants younger than 12 years engaging in marathon races. Advice on the safety of youth athletes participating in these events is frequently sought by parents, coaches, sport scientists, and medical professionals, particularly concerning potential short- and long-term health consequences...

BACKGROUND: Drafting is a common technique to reduce the drag experienced by elite runners on races, leading to faster finish times. The tactic has been successfully used in previous marathon world records. In the 2023 Chicago Marathon, Kenyan runner Kelvin Kiptum broke the marathon record after a 2:00:35 finish. This feat is impressive considering the lack of use of drafting, despite the availability of two pacers for the majority of the race. METHODS: In this study, the drag faced by Kiptum and his pacers during the race is calculated by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD)...

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common injury among runners, and it is thought that abnormal lower extremity biomechanics contribute to its development. However, the relationship between biomechanical changes after a marathon and PFPS injury remains limited. This study aims to investigate whether differences in knee and hip kinematics and lower extremity muscle activities exist in recreational runners before and after a marathon. Additionally, it aims to explore the relationship between these biomechanical changes and the development of PFPS injury...

Introduction: The aim was to analyze the response of serum levels of inflammatory, high-energy muscle biomarkers and hamstring localized bioimpedance (L-BIA) measurements to marathon running and to ascertain whether they correlate with each other or with race time. Methods: Blood samples and hamstrings tetra-polar L-BIA measurements from 14 Caucasian male recreational athletes at the Barcelona Marathon 2019 were collected at base line, immediately after and 48 h post-race. Serum C reactive protein (sCRP), creatinine kinase (sCK) and lactate dehydrogenase (sLDH) were determined using an AU-5800 chemistry analyzer...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Mass gatherings (MGs) usually represent significant challenges for the public health and safety sector of the host cities. Organizing a safe and successful mass event highly depends on the effective collaboration among different public and private organizations. It is necessary to establish successful coordination to ensure that all the key stakeholders understand their respective roles and responsibilities. The inconsistency between the variety of participating agencies because of their different culture can result in delays in decision making...

Mass participation events include endurance events (e.g., marathon, triathlon) and/or competitive tournaments (e.g., baseball, tennis, football (soccer) tournaments). Event management requires medical administrative and participant care planning. Medical management provides safety advice and care at the event that accounts for large numbers of participants, anticipated injury and illness, variable environment, repeated games or matches, and mixed age groups of varying athletic ability. This document does not pertain to the care of the spectator...