apolipoprotein

BACKGROUND: Considering the expected increase in the elderly population and the growing emphasis on aging-related biomedical research, the demand for aged laboratory animals has surged, challenging established husbandry practices. Our objective was to establish a cost-effective method for environmental enrichment, utilizing the liver as a representative organ to assess potential metabolic changes in response to differing enrichment levels. METHODS: We conducted a six-month study involving 24 male Sprague Dawley rats, randomly assigned to four environmental enrichment groups...

BACKGROUND: The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene has been established in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) literature to impact brain structure and function and may also show congruent effects in healthy older adults, although findings in this population are much less consistent. The current study aimed to replicate and expand the multimodal approach employed by Honea et al. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and neuropsychological measures were used to investigate the impact of APOE-ε status on grey matter structure, white matter integrity, and cognitive functioning...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, APOE4 carriers may exhibit sleep disturbances, but conflicting results have been reported, such that there is no clear consensus regarding which aspects of sleep are impacted. Our objective was to compare objective sleep architecture between APOE4 carriers and non-carriers, and to investigate the modulating impact of age, sex, cognitive status and obstructive sleep apnea...

The interaction between nanoparticles (NPs) and biological environments is profoundly influenced by a stable, strongly adsorbed "hard" protein corona. This corona significantly determines the NPs' pharmacokinetics and biological destiny. Our study delves into the mechanisms by which colloidal Au nanocrystals that are synthesized electrochemically without surface-capping organic ligands, known as CNM-Au8, traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and target human brain tissue for treating neurodegenerative disorders...

APOE4 is widely recognized as a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), implicated in 60-80% of all AD cases. Recent research suggests that microglia carrying the APOE4 genotype display abnormal lipid metabolism and accumulate lipid droplets, which may exacerbate the pathology of AD. Microglia play a critical role in immune surveillance within the central nervous system and are responsible for removing harmful particles and preserving neuronal function. The APOE4 genotype causes abnormal lipid metabolism in microglia, resulting in excessive accumulation of lipid droplets...

<b><br>Introduction:</b> Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a part of the current standard of care in a locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA), but only patients with good pathomorphological response (pR) to NAC benefit from prolonged overall survival.</br> <b><br>Aim:</b> The study aims to evaluate ApoA-I and ApoB as candidate pre-treatment biomarkers of pR to NAC in patients with GA and EGJA...

BACKGROUND: Medial arterial calcification is a chronic systemic vascular disorder distinct from atherosclerosis and is commonly observed in patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and aging individuals. We previously showed that NR4A3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3), an orphan nuclear receptor, is a key regulator in apo (apolipoprotein) A-IV-induced atherosclerosis progression; however, its role in vascular calcification is poorly understood. METHODS: We generated NR4A3-/- mice and 2 different types of medial arterial calcification models to investigate the biological roles of NR4A3 in vascular calcification...

INTRODUCTION: The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE4) is expressed abundantly in both the brain and peripheral circulation as a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cerebral blood flow (CBF) dysfunction is an essential feature of AD, and the liver plays an important role in the pathogenesis of dementia. However, the associations of APOE4 with CBF and liver function markers in patients with cognitive impairment remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the associations of APOE4 with CBF measured by arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and serum liver function markers in participants who were diagnosed with cognitive impairment...

Dyslipidemia is one of the most common disorders worldwide, which, if left untreated, results in a multitude of complications. Thus proper diagnostics, which includes identifying of secondary causes of dyslipidemia is crucial. Endocrine disorders are an important cause of secondary dyslipidemia. This paper aims to review the publications on lipoprotein alterations in endocrine disorders from the past two years and provide an overview of the recent discoveries in this dynamically developing and large field. Significant changes in lipoprotein serum concentrations are present in most endocrinological diseases and can be modified with proper treatment...

BACKGROUND: This study aims to show the clinical and biochemical features in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) associated with rare variants in the apolipoprotein A-V (APOA5) gene. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Demographics, blood lipid levels, body mass index (BMI) and APOA5 mutation subtypes were collected from the endocrinology clinic registry and analyzed for a retrospective cohort study of ten patients with severe HTG and APOA5 gene variants. RESULTS: Of the 10 cases, four were female, and six were male...

BACKGROUND: Because the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) has not been fully elucidated, targeted treatments are lacking. In this study, we assessed the role and underlying mechanism apolipoprotein D (APOD) on the development of OA. METHODS: To establish an in vitro OA model, we extracted primary chondrocytes from the cartilage of C57BL/6 mice and stimulated the chondrocytes with IL-1β. After APOD intervention or incubation with an overexpressing plasmid, we detected inflammatory-related markers using RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and ELISA...

Apolipoprotein AV (APOA5) lowers plasma triglyceride (TG) levels by binding to the angiopoietin-like protein 3/8 complex (ANGPTL3/8) and suppressing its capacity to inhibit lipoprotein lipase (LPL) catalytic activity and its ability to detach LPL from binding sites within capillaries. However, the sequences in APOA5 that are required for suppressing ANGPTL3/8 activity have never been defined. A clue to the identity of those sequences was the presence of severe hypertriglyceridemia in two patients harboring an APOA5 mutation that truncates APOA5 by 35 residues ("APOA5Δ35")...

The apolipoprotein B messenger RNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) family is composed of nucleic acid editors with roles ranging from antibody diversification to RNA editing. APOBEC2, a member of this family with an evolutionarily conserved nucleic acid-binding cytidine deaminase domain, has neither an established substrate nor function. Using a cellular model of muscle differentiation where APOBEC2 is inducibly expressed, we confirmed that APOBEC2 does not have the attributed molecular functions of the APOBEC family, such as RNA editing, DNA demethylation, and DNA mutation...

Vascular risk factors, including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, pose significant health threats with implications extending to neuropsychiatric disorders such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease. The Asian population, in particular, appears to be disproportionately affected due to unique genetic predispositions, as well as epigenetic factors such as dietary patterns and lifestyle habits. Existing management strategies often fall short of addressing these specific needs, leading to greater challenges in prevention and treatment...

OBJECTIVE: Here we aimed to explore the differences in individual gray matter (GM) networks at baseline in mild cognitive impairment patients who converted to Alzheimer's disease (AD) within 3 years (MCI-C) and nonconverters (MCI-NC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 461 MCI patients (180 MCI-C and 281 MCI-NC) were obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). For each subject, a GM network was constructed using 3D-T1 imaging and the Kullback-Leibler divergence method...

OBJECTIVE: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is the most important precursor for the production of steroid hormones and is also involved in regulating the function of steroid hormones, hence playing a significant role in reproductive processes. So, APOE gene expression may be correlated with the implantation process. This study tries to make a better clarification of the correlation between APOE gene polymorphisms and recurrent implantation failure (RIF), where we compared the frequency of APOE polymorphisms in RIF patients, assisted reproductive treatment (ART) success cases and fertile women...

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin that extensively contaminates food and feed, posing a significant threat to public health. However, the mechanisms behind ZEN-induced intestinal immunotoxicity remain unclear. In this study, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to ZEN at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/day b.w. for a duration of 14 days. The results demonstrated that ZEN exposure led to notable pathological alterations and immunosuppression within the intestine. Furthermore, ZEN exposure caused a significant reduction in the levels of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and liver X receptor (LXR) ( P  < 0...

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a lethal disease with a poor prognosis. Genes involved in acute pancreatitis (AP) or chronic pancreatitis (CP) might be important for PAAD development. This study sought to identify potential PAAD diagnosis markers and to establish a PAAD prognosis prediction model based on AP- and CP-related genes. METHODS: The significantly differentially expressed genes in both AP or CP and PAAD were obtained by a bioinformatics analysis...

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is responsible for lipid transport, including cholesterol transport and clearance. While the ε4 allele of APOE (APOE4) is associated with a significant genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), no mechanistic understanding of its contribution to AD etiology has been established yet. In addition to cholesterol, monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) is a crucial lipid component in cell membranes and has been implicated in promoting the aggregation of amyloid beta protein (Aβ), a key protein associated with AD...

AIM: A high percentage of the elderly suffer from knee osteoarthritis (KOA), which imposes a certain economic burden on them and on society as a whole. The purpose of this study is to examine the risk of KOA and to develop a KOA nomogram model that can timely intervene in this disease to decrease patient psychological burdens. METHODS: Data was collected from patients with KOA and without KOA at our hospital from February 2021 to February 2023. Initially, a comparison was conducted between the variables, identifying statistical differences between the two groups...