Pediatrics gynecology

BACKGROUND: Vaginal foreign bodies represent a clinical and diagnostical challenge in pediatric gynecology. Several case reports, case series and retrospective studies have been published, highlighting rare or complex cases. A comprehensive systematic review is lacking. METHODS: Published English-language articles on vaginal foreign objects in patients aged 16 years and younger, with full-text availability were included. Articles on adult patients and patients with an object migrating from the abdominal cavity into the vagina were excluded...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Uptake of intrauterine devices (IUDs) in the adolescent population may be limited by anxiety and pain anticipated during the insertion procedure. Our institution offers conscious sedation for IUD insertion to mitigate this concern. The objective of this study was to identify characteristics and outcomes of teens choosing between two types of conscious sedation for insertion of a levonorgestrel IUD. METHODS: This was a single-site, retrospective cohort study over a one-year period reviewing the electronic medical record of patients who had an attempted IUD insertion using conscious sedation...

OBJECTIVES: Numerous animal and epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a positive association between maternal obesity in pregnancy and obesity in offspring. The biologic mechanisms of this association remain under investigation. One proposed mechanism includes fetoplacental endothelial dysfunction secondary to inflammation. Endocan is a relatively new biomarker for endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. Our objectives were to examine (1) the association between maternal obesity and neonatal serum endocan at birth, and (2) the association between neonatal serum endocan at birth and pediatric obesity at 24-36 months of age...

INTRODUCTION: Simulation-based training has emerged as a vital component of healthcare education. This study aims to characterize Portuguese simulation centers concerning their geographic distribution and key features, providing stakeholders with valuable insights to inform strategic decisions. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted over two years (2021-2023) to investigate the geographical dispersion and characteristics of simulation centers in Portugal...

Pediatric and adolescent ovarian lesions are common and are frequently managed by both pediatric surgeons and pediatric and adolescent gynecologists. During the 2023 American Academy of Pediatric Section on Surgery meeting, an educational symposium was delivered focusing on various aspects of management of pediatric and adolescent benign and malignant masses, borderline lesions, and fertility options for children and adolescents undergoing cancer therapies. This article highlights the discussion during this symposium...

INTRODUCTION: Large language models (LLMs) have transformed various domains in medicine, aiding in complex tasks and clinical decision-making, with OpenAI's GPT-4, GPT-3.5, Google's Bard, and Anthropic's Claude among the most widely used. While GPT-4 has demonstrated superior performance in some studies, comprehensive comparisons among these models remain limited. Recognizing the significance of the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) exams in assessing the clinical knowledge of medical students, this study aims to compare the accuracy of popular LLMs on NBME clinical subject exam sample questions...

BACKGROUND: The transition to motherhood is an important life event in a woman's life and represents an important developmental process that brings physical, psychological and social changes to gain a new role. However, research on the transition to motherhood in Turkish society is scarce. There is a need for a comprehensive, practical and reliable tool to evaluate the transition to motherhood in primiparous mothers. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Transition of Primiparous Becoming Mothers Scale (TMP-S) to evaluate the transition process of primiparous mothers to motherhood...

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Duty hour regulations (DHRs) were enforced in 2017 in Korea to prevent the detrimental effects of excessively prolonged working hours among medical residents. We investigated the adoption of and implications of the new DHRs among medical residents and faculty members. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 medical residents and 9 faculty members across general surgery, internal medicine, obstetrics-gynecology, and pediatrics departments at Chonnam National University Hospital. Based on the constructivist grounded theory, we developed themes from the data by concurrent coding and analysis with theoretical sampling until data saturation...

OBJECTIVE: Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs) are rare neoplasms occurring in young women with 60% associated with DICER1 mutations. This is only the second published case series of patients with SLCTs with associated DICER1 gene alterations. DICER1 syndrome is a rare inherited tumor-susceptibility syndrome affecting organs such as the ovaries. We use this case series to inform readers on this increasingly important condition in gynecology. METHODS AND RESULTS: We present three young females presenting with secondary amenorrhoea, hirsutism, acne and in one case tonic-clonic seizures...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the usability and feasibility of incorporating a cardiovascular risk assessment tool into adolescent reproductive health and primary care visits. METHODS: We recruited 60 young women ages 13-21 years to complete the HerHeart web-tool in two adolescent clinics in Atlanta, GA. Participants rated the tool's usability via the Website Analysis and Measurement Inventory (WAMMI, range 0-95) and their perceived 10-year and lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) on a visual analog scale (range 0-10)...

OBJECTIVE: To examine women's experiences of pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) pain. DESIGN: Descriptive, cross-sectional. SETTING: Online questionnaires in a Facebook PCS support group. PARTICIPANTS: Convenience sample of 143 women who self-identified as being diagnosed with PCS. METHODS: We recruited women through a social media support group and invited them to participate in a self-reported questionnaire...

BACKGROUND: Maintenance rates of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) worldwide are low, thus, one of the objectives of the summary of policies on breastfeeding (BF) in world nutrition goals for 2025 are that at least 50% of infants under six months of age receive EBF that year. The Objective of this study is to document the rates of EBF in children born in San Ignacio University Hospital (HUSI) and identify factors associated with maintenance. AIM: To document the percentages of EBF in those that were born at HUSI and identify factors associated to their maintenance...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: Based on retrospective analysis recognize the key factors of development of premature childbirth and elaborate highly specific criteria for individual prognosis to improve perinatal outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the birth histories of 250 women and their newborns with spontaneous preterm births at 22-36 weeks was conducted using archival data from the department for pregnant women with obstetric pathology of the State Institution "Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named by academician OM Lukianova of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine"...

In 1976, the Supreme Court mandated that incarcerated individuals have a constitutional right to receive medical care; however, there are no mandatory standards so access to and quality of reproductive health care for incarcerated pregnant women varies widely across facilities. Without federal or state standards, there is variability in the type of prenatal care pregnant women receive, their birthing experience, how long they are able to stay with their infant after birth, and whether they are permitted to breastfeed or express milk...

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OBJECTIVE: Ovarian torsion (OT) represents a severe gynecological emergency in female pediatric patients, necessitating immediate surgical intervention to prevent ovarian ischemia and preserve fertility. Prompt diagnosis is, therefore, paramount. This retrospective study set out to assess the utility of combined clinical, ultrasound, and laboratory features in diagnosing OT. METHODS: The authors included 326 female pediatric patients aged under 14 years who underwent surgical confirmation of OT over a five-year period...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.