keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534721/high-loading-dose-colistin-with-nebulized-administration-for-carbapenem-resistant-acinetobacter-baumannii-pneumonia-in-critically-ill-patients-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wasan Katip, Ajaree Rayanakorn, Chuleegone Sornsuvit, Purida Wientong, Peninnah Oberdorfer, Puntapong Taruangsri, Teerapong Nampuan
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infections pose a serious threat, with high morbidity and mortality rates. This retrospective cohort study, conducted at Nakornping Hospital between January 2015 and October 2022, aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a high loading dose (LD) of colistin combined with nebulized colistin in critically ill patients with CRAB pneumonia. Of the 261 patients included, 95 received LD colistin, and 166 received LD colistin with nebulized colistin. Multivariate Cox regression analysis, adjusted for baseline covariates using inverse probability weighting, showed no significant difference in 30-day survival between patients who received LD colistin and those who received LD colistin with nebulized colistin (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1...
March 21, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534720/antimicrobial-and-diagnostic-stewardship-of-the-novel-%C3%AE-lactam-%C3%AE-lactamase-inhibitors-for-infections-due-to-carbapenem-resistant-enterobacterales-species-and-pseudomonas-aeruginosa
#22
REVIEW
Stefanos Ferous, Cleo Anastassopoulou, Vassiliki Pitiriga, Georgia Vrioni, Athanasios Tsakris
Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections are a major public health threat due to the limited therapeutic options available. The introduction of the new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (BL/BLIs) has, however, altered the treatment options for such pathogens. Thus, four new BL/BLI combinations-namely, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, imipenem/relebactam, and ceftolozane/tazobactam-have been approved for infections attributed to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ...
March 21, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534718/one-hundred-explicit-definitions-of-potentially-inappropriate-prescriptions-of-antibiotics-in-hospitalized-older-patients-the-results-of-an-expert-consensus-study
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolas Baclet, Emmanuel Forestier, Gaëtan Gavazzi, Claire Roubaud-Baudron, Vincent Hiernard, Rozenn Hequette-Ruz, Serge Alfandari, Hugues Aumaître, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Alexandre Charmillon, Sylvain Diamantis, Thibaut Fraisse, Pierre Gazeau, Maxime Hentzien, Jean-Philippe Lanoix, Marc Paccalin, Alain Putot, Yvon Ruch, Eric Senneville, Jean-Baptiste Beuscart
BACKGROUND: In geriatrics, explicit criteria for potentially inappropriate prescriptions (PIPs) are useful for optimizing drug use. OBJECTIVE: To produce an expert consensus on explicit definitions of antibiotic-PIPs for hospitalized older patients. METHODS: We conducted a Delphi survey involving French experts on antibiotic stewardship in hospital settings. During the survey's rounds, the experts gave their opinion on each explicit definition, and could suggest new definitions...
March 20, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534717/risk-factors-and-outcomes-of-community-acquired-carbapenem-resistant-klebsiella-pneumoniae-infection-in-elderly-patients
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yen-Chou Chen, I-Ting Tsai, Chung-Hsu Lai, Kuo-Hsuan Lin, Yin-Chou Hsu
The increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections is a global concern. Elderly patients have a diminished immune response and functional reserve, and are thus more vulnerable to bacterial infection. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors and outcomes in elderly patients with community-acquired CRKP infections. We performed a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary medical center between 1 January 2021, and 31 December 2021. All elderly patients who visited the emergency department during this period with culture-positive K...
March 20, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534716/assessment-of-colistin-heteroresistance-among-multidrug-resistant-klebsiella-pneumoniae-isolated-from-intensive-care-patients-in-europe
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anouk J M M Braspenning, Sahaya Glingston Rajakani, Adwoa Sey, Mariem El Bounja, Christine Lammens, Youri Glupczynski, Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
Heteroresistance (HR) to colistin is especially concerning in settings where multi-drug-resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae are prevalent and empiric use of colistin might lead to treatment failures. This study aimed to assess the frequency of occurrence of colistin HR (CHR) among (MDR) K. pneumoniae ( n = 676) isolated from patients hospitalized in 13 intensive care units (ICUs) in six European countries in a clinical trial assessing the impact of decolonization strategies. All isolates were whole-genome-sequenced and studied for in vitro colistin susceptibility...
March 20, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534715/equivalence-trial-of-the-non-bismuth-10-day-concomitant-and-14-day-hybrid-therapies-for-helicobacter-pylori-eradication-in-high-clarithromycin-resistance-areas
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sotirios D Georgopoulos, Elias Xirouchakis, Christos Liatsos, Pericles Apostolopoulos, Panagiotis Kasapidis, Beatriz Martinez-Gonzalez, Fotini Laoudi, Maria Stoupaki, Georgios Axiaris, Dionysios Sgouras, Andreas Mentis, Spyridon Michopoulos
Background and aim : We conducted an equivalence trial of quadruple non-bismuth "concomitant" and "hybrid" regimens for H. pylori eradication in a high clarithromycin resistance area. Methods : There were 321 treatment-naïve H. pylori -positive individuals in this multicenter clinical trial randomized to either the hybrid (esomeprazole 40 mg/bid, amoxicillin 1 g/bid for 7 days, then 7 days esomeprazole 40 mg/bid, amoxicillin 1 g/bid, clarithromycin 500 mg/bid, and metronidazole 500 mg/bid) or the concomitant regimen (all medications given concurrently bid for 10 days)...
March 20, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534714/the-home-environment-is-a-reservoir-for-methicillin-resistant-coagulase-negative-staphylococci-and-mammaliicocci
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mari Røken, Stanislav Iakhno, Anita Haug Haaland, Ane Mohn Bjelland, Yngvild Wasteson
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and mammaliicocci are opportunistic human and animal pathogens, often resistant to multiple antimicrobials, including methicillin. Methicillin-resistant CoNS (MRCoNS) have traditionally been linked to hospitals and healthcare facilities, where they are significant contributors to nosocomial infections. However, screenings of non-hospital environments have linked MRCoNS and methicillin-resistant mammaliicocci (MRM) to other ecological niches. The aim of this study was to explore the home environment as a reservoir for MRCoNS and MRM...
March 19, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534713/apoe-mimetic-peptide-cog1410-kills-mycobacterium-smegmatis-via-directly-interfering-clpc-s-atpase-activity
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chun Wang, Yun-Yao Ren, Li-Mei Han, Peng-Cheng Yi, Wei-Xiao Wang, Cai-Yun Zhang, Xiu-Zhen Chen, Ming-Zhe Chi, Apeng Wang, Wei Chen, Chun-Mei Hu
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) hold promise as alternatives to combat bacterial infections, addressing the urgent global threat of antibiotic resistance. COG1410, a synthetic peptide derived from apolipoprotein E, has exhibited potent antimicrobial properties against various bacterial strains, including Mycobacterium smegmatis . However, our study reveals a previously unknown resistance mechanism developed by M. smegmatis against COG1410 involving ClpC. Upon subjecting M. smegmatis to serial passages in the presence of sub-MIC COG1410, resistance emerged...
March 19, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534712/multiple-drug-resistant-streptococcus-strains-an-actual-problem-in-pig-farms-in-western-romania
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luminita Costinar, Corina Badea, Adela Marcu, Corina Pascu, Viorel Herman
Streptococci are a type of bacteria that can cause severe illnesses in humans and animals. Some typical species like S. suis , or atypical species like S. porcinus and, S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae , can cause infections like septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, arthritis, and septic shock. S. suis is considered a newly emerging zoonotic pathogen. Although human streptococcal infection outbreaks are rare, it is appropriate to review the main streptococcal species isolated in pig farms in western Romania, due to the high degree of antibiotic resistance among most isolates commonly used in human treatment...
March 19, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534711/sub-mic-antibiotics-modulate-productions-of-outer-membrane-vesicles-in-tigecycline-resistant-escherichia-coli
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qianru Li, Jun Li, Tao He, Xing Ji, Ruicheng Wei, Meiling Yu, Ran Wang
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been recognized as one of the most important crises affecting global human health in the 21st century. Tigecycline is one of the last resort antibiotics for treating severe infections caused by multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae . However, the mobile resistance gene tet (X4), which could mediate high-level tigecycline resistance, was discovered in 2019. The outer membrane vesicle (OMV) has been recognized as a new route for horizontal gene transfer; antimicrobial resistant bacteria also have the ability to secret OMVs, while little is known about the impact of antibiotics on the secretion and characteristics of OMVs from tigecycline resistant bacteria till now...
March 19, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534710/phenotypic-and-genotypic-characterization-of-pan-drug-resistant-klebsiella-pneumoniae-isolated-in-qatar
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mazen A Sid Ahmed, Jemal M Hamid, Ahmed M M Hassan, Sulieman Abu Jarir, Emad Bashir Ibrahim, Hamad Abdel Hadi
In secondary healthcare, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CREs), such as those observed in Klebsiella pneumoniae , are a global public health priority with significant clinical outcomes. In this study, we described the clinical, phenotypic, and genotypic characteristics of three pan-drug-resistant (PDR) isolates that demonstrated extended resistance to conventional and novel antimicrobials. All patients had risk factors for the acquisition of multidrug-resistant organisms, while microbiological susceptibility testing showed resistance to all conventional antimicrobials...
March 19, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534709/effect-of-inappropriate-treatment-in-hospitalized-patients-with-pyelonephritis-treated-with-cefuroxime-a-cohort-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jorge Alberto Cortés, Claudia Rocío Sierra, Ricardo Sánchez
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inappropriate therapy in adult patients with community-acquired pyelonephritis caused by Escherichia coli receiving empirical treatment with cefuroxime during hospital stay and readmission. A retrospective cohort study was performed. Inappropriate treatment was considered treatment for a nonsusceptible isolate according to the results of the urine culture. Adjustment for confounding factors was performed with propensity score-derived inverse probability of treatment weighting...
March 19, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534707/when-to-stop-antibiotics-in-the-critically-ill
#33
REVIEW
Nathan D Nielsen, James T Dean, Elizabeth A Shald, Andrew Conway Morris, Pedro Povoa, Jeroen Schouten, Nicholas Parchim
Over the past century, antibiotic usage has skyrocketed in the treatment of critically ill patients. There have been increasing calls to establish guidelines for appropriate treatment and durations of antibiosis. Antibiotic treatment, even when appropriately tailored to the patient and infection, is not without cost. Short term risks-hepatic/renal dysfunction, intermediate effects-concomitant superinfections, and long-term risks-potentiating antimicrobial resistance (AMR), are all possible consequences of antimicrobial administration...
March 18, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534706/antimicrobial-action-mechanisms-of-natural-compounds-isolated-from-endophytic-microorganisms
#34
REVIEW
Farkhod Eshboev, Nilufar Mamadalieva, Pavel A Nazarov, Hidayat Hussain, Vladimir Katanaev, Dilfuza Egamberdieva, Shakhnoz Azimova
Infectious diseases are a significant challenge to global healthcare, especially in the face of increasing antibiotic resistance. This urgent issue requires the continuous exploration and development of new antimicrobial drugs. In this regard, the secondary metabolites derived from endophytic microorganisms stand out as promising sources for finding antimicrobials. Endophytic microorganisms, residing within the internal tissues of plants, have demonstrated the capacity to produce diverse bioactive compounds with substantial pharmacological potential...
March 18, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534705/scientific-rationale-and-clinical-basis-for-clindamycin-use-in-the-treatment-of-dermatologic-disease
#35
REVIEW
Maria K Armillei, Ivan B Lomakin, James Q Del Rosso, Ayman Grada, Christopher G Bunick
Clindamycin is a highly effective antibiotic of the lincosamide class. It has been widely used for decades to treat a range of skin and soft tissue infections in dermatology and medicine. Clindamycin is commonly prescribed for acne vulgaris, with current practice standards utilizing fixed-combination topicals containing clindamycin that prevent Cutibacterium acnes growth and reduce inflammation associated with acne lesion formation. Certain clinical presentations of folliculitis, rosacea, staphylococcal infections, and hidradenitis suppurativa are also responsive to clindamycin, demonstrating its suitability and versatility as a treatment option...
March 17, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534703/rethinking-hidradenitis-suppurativa-management-insights-into-bacterial-interactions-and-treatment-evolution
#36
REVIEW
Faith D Huynh, Giovanni Damiani, Christopher G Bunick
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), or acne inversa, is a chronic inflammatory dermatological condition characterized by painful and recurrent nodules and purulent abscesses. HS can have a devastating impact on the quality of life of patients. This condition is commonly localized to the axilla, groin, perineal, and inframammary regions, and can develop fistulas and sinus tracts over time. Its pathogenesis remains elusive and is best characterized at the moment as multi-factorial. Additionally, questions remain about the role of cutaneous dysbiosis as a primary HS trigger or as a secondary perturbation due to HS inflammation...
March 17, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534700/the-clinical-efficacy-of-adding-ceftazidime-avibactam-to-standard-therapy-in-treating-infections-caused-by-carbapenem-resistant-klebsiella-pneumonia-with-blaoxa-48-like-genes
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Al Maamon R Abu Jaber, Bilgen Basgut, Ali Abdullah Hawan, Ali Amer Al Shehri, Sultan Ahmad AlKahtani, Nehad J Ahmed, Abdikarim Abdi
Ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is FDA-approved for managing infections caused by resistant gram-negative bacilli, particularly infections via carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales pathogens. The clinical data are still limited, particularly those in Saudi Arabia. The present study is a retrospective cohort study that was carried out at the Armed Forces Hospital in the southern region of Saudi Arabia to compare the clinical and microbiological outcomes for CAZ-AVI-treated patients as monotherapy and as an add-on to standard therapy for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia (CRKP) OXA-48 infections to those treated with standard drugs...
March 16, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534699/generation-and-characterization-of-stable-small-colony-variants-of-usa300-staphylococcus-aureus-in-raw-264-7-murine-macrophages
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dalida Bivona, Carmelo Bonomo, Lorenzo Colombini, Paolo G Bonacci, Grete F Privitera, Giuseppe Caruso, Filippo Caraci, Francesco Santoro, Nicolò Musso, Dafne Bongiorno, Francesco Iannelli, Stefania Stefani
Intracellular survival and immune evasion are typical features of staphylococcal infections. USA300 is a major clone of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), a community- and hospital-acquired pathogen capable of disseminating throughout the body and evading the immune system. Carnosine is an endogenous dipeptide characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties acting on the peripheral (macrophages) and tissue-resident (microglia) immune system. In this work, RAW 264.7 murine macrophages were infected with the USA300 ATCC BAA-1556 S...
March 16, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534697/post-covid-19-pandemic-rebound-of-macrolide-resistant-mycoplasma-pneumoniae-infection-a-descriptive-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fan-Fan Xing, Kelvin Hei-Yeung Chiu, Chao-Wen Deng, Hai-Yan Ye, Lin-Lin Sun, Yong-Xian Su, Hui-Jun Cai, Simon Kam-Fai Lo, Lei Rong, Jian-Liang Chen, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng, David Christopher Lung, Siddharth Sridhar, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung, Kwok-Yung Yuen
The rebound characteristics of respiratory infections after lifting pandemic control measures were uncertain. From January to November 2023, patients presenting at a teaching hospital were tested for common respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae using a combination of antigen, nucleic acid amplification, and targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) tests. The number and rate of positive tests per month, clinical and microbiological characteristics were analyzed. A rapid rebound of SARS-CoV-2 was followed by a slower rebound of M...
March 15, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534696/current-therapeutic-approaches-for-multidrug-resistant-and-extensively-drug-resistant-acinetobacter-baumannii-infections
#40
REVIEW
Petros Rafailidis, Periklis Panagopoulos, Christos Koutserimpas, George Samonis
The treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii infections remains a challenge for physicians worldwide in the 21st century. The bacterium possesses a multitude of mechanisms to escape the human immune system. The consequences of A. baumannii infections on morbidity and mortality, as well on financial resources, remain dire. Furthermore, A. baumannii superinfections have also occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. While prevention is important, the antibiotic armamentarium remains the most essential factor for the treatment of these infections...
March 15, 2024: Antibiotics
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