status epilepticus prognosis

OBJECTIVE: To study the follow-up of adult patients with status epilepticus or a history of serial seizures, assessing the likelihood of achieving long-term remission and identifying predictors of treatment effectiveness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 280 patients divided into 137 patients with epilepsy with a series of seizures or a history of status epilepticus (group 1) and 143 patients, who had not previously received therapy and did not have a series of seizures or a history of status epilepticus (group 2)...

BACKGROUND: As the Omicron variant of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerges, the neurological manifestations correlated with this epidemic have garnered increasing attention. This study was primarily intended to compare seizures in febrile children with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection and to conduct short-term follow-up of the SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of patients admitted to the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University for fever and seizures between October 1 and December 30, 2022...

The white cerebellum sign is a concerning but uncommon radiological imaging result that is frequently seen in patients with severe, frequently irreversible anoxic-ischemic brain injury. Due to its frequent correlation with an unfavorable prognosis, radiologists must recognize this sign. We report the case of a 1 year old girl with history of epilepsy who presented with deterioration of conscious level and focal fits and brain computed tomography scan done on her revealed the white cerebellum sign.

OBJECTIVE: The long-term prognosis of photosensitive idiopathic generalized epilepsy (p-IGE) is generally considered favorable; however, its specific characteristics remain unclear. Our objective was to investigate the extended prognosis of p-IGE. METHODS: We analyzed the demographics, clinical, and electroencephalographic (EEG) data of consecutive patients who were diagnosed as having p-IGE, who were under follow-up for a minimum of 10 years and exhibited a photoparoxysmal response (PPR) in their EEGs...

BACKGROUND Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) is a rare form of acute encephalopathy in children that is characterized by rapid and progressive deterioration in the patient's clinical condition. Our aim in reporting the case is to highlight the importance of early diagnoses and aggressive early management of ANEC to achieve a better outcome. We report the case of a 5-year-old girl who presented with acute progressive encephalopathy with bilateral symmetrical thalamic involvement and brainstem lesion proceeded by a flu-like illness...

OBJECTIVE: Status epilepticus (SE) in the neurology intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with significant morbidity. We aimed to evaluate the utility of existing prognostic scores, namely the Status Epilepticus Severity Score (STESS), Epidemiology Based Mortality Score in Status Epilepticus (EMSE)-EACE and Encephalitis-Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus-Diazepam Resistance-Image Abnormalities-Tracheal Intubation (END-IT), among SE patients in the neurology ICU. METHODS: Neurology ICU patients with SE requiring continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) monitoring over a 10 year period were included...

BACKGROUND: Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-50 (DEE-50) is a rare clinical condition believed to be caused by a mutation in the CAD gene and is associated with a bleak prognosis. CAD-related diseases have a wide range of clinical manifestations and other symptoms that may be easily overlooked. Like other rare diseases, the clinical manifestations and the treatment of DEE-50 necessitate further investigation. CASE PRESENTATION: A 1-year-old male patient presented with developmental delay, seizures, and anaemia at 3 months of age...

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) may be associated with acute symptomatic seizures and chronic epilepsy as well. The clinical features of the seizures and/or accompanying epilepsy seen in each disease group may vary. In this study, we aimed to contribute to the existing literature by describing the clinical features of seizures and epilepsy in our demyelinating patient population...

PURPOSE: There is a lack of clinical and epidemiological knowledge about nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in developing countries including Mexico, which has the highest prevalence of epilepsy in the Americas. Our aim was to describe the clinical findings, EEG features, and outcomes of NCSE in a tertiary center in Mexico. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective case series study (2010-2020) including patients (≥15 years old) with NCSE according to the modified Salzburg NCSE criteria 2015 with at least 6 months of follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Sialidosis is a rare disorder caused by mutations in the NEU1 gene located on chromosome 6p21.3, constituting a group of autosomal recessive diseases. Enzyme activity analysis, electron microscopy examination and genetic testing are reliable methods for diagnosis. Despite previous reports on the disease, its rarity means that its clinical manifestations and prognosis still warrant attention due to the limited amount of information available. METHODS: We report a case of a 40-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital for worsening dysarthria of 16 years duration and facial and limb twitching that had been present for 2 years...

OBJECTIVE: Patients with focal drug resistant epilepsy are excellent candidates for epilepsy surgery. Status epilepticus (SE) and seizure clusters (SC), described in a subset of patients, have both been associated with extended epileptogenic cerebral networks within one or both hemispheres. In this retrospective study, we were interested to determine if a history of SE or SC is associated with a worse surgical outcome. METHODS: Data of 244 patients operated between 2000 to 2018 were reviewed, with a follow-up of at least 2 years...

INTRODUCTION: Neonatal seizures (NS) are the most common neurological emergency in the neonatal period. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) proposed a new classification of NS based on semiology and highlighted the correlation between semiology and aetiology. However, neurodevelopmental outcomes have not been comprehensively evaluated based on this new classification. AIMS: To evaluate neurodevelopmental outcomes and potential risk factors for severe outcomes in NS...

BACKGROUND: Status epilepticus (SE) is a severe acute condition in neurocritical care with high mortality. Searching for risk factors affecting the prognosis in SE remains a significant issue. The primary study's aim was to test the predictive values of the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and the Modified 11-item Frailty Index (mFI-11), the biomarkers and basic biochemical parameters collected at ICU on the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) assessed at hospital discharge (hosp), and three months later (3 M), in comatose patients with SE...

BACKGROUND: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated encephalitis is a new clinical phenotype of inflammatory demyelinating diseases. Some MOG antibody-positive patients with central nervous system demyelinating events present with isolated seizures. However, there are gaps in the epidemiological knowledge regarding seizures with MOG antibody-associated encephalitis in adults. This study characterized the clinical features and treatment of MOG antibody-positive patients with isolated seizures...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cardiac abnormalities have been reported during ongoing seizures and refractory status epilepticus (RSE). Reduced heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac arrhythmias may contribute to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. We sought to explore the utility of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic changes in patients with RSE prognosis and functional outcome. METHODS: Patients of RSE underwent electrocardiogram (ECG), holter, troponin-I (Trop I), N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and 2-dimensional echocardiogram (2D Echo) along with continuous electroencephalogram in first 24 hours and admission...

Intracranial immature teratomas are rare, highly malignant, and fast-growing with a poor prognosis. We report the case of an infant with a large immature teratoma in the intracranial compartment. A two-month-old child presented to the emergency room with drowsiness and seizures. CT and cranial MRI showed hydrocephalus with a large expansive process in the right cerebral hemisphere extending to the infratentorial compartment, compressing the cerebellum and brainstem. It was then decided to partially resect the lesion...

BACKGROUND: Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency (COXPD) is a severe disorder with early onset and autosomal recessive inheritance, and has been divided into 51 types (COXPD1-COXPD51). COXPD14 is caused by a mutation in the FARS2 gene, which encodes mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (mt-PheRS), an enzyme that transfers phenylalanine to its cognate tRNA in mitochondria. Since the first case was reported in 2012, an increasing number of FARS2 variations have been subsequently identified, which present three main phenotypic manifestations: early onset epileptic encephalopathy, hereditary spastic paraplegia, and juvenile-onset epilepsy...

BACKGROUND: Generalized convulsive status epilepticus (GCSE) is one of the most challenging life-threatening neurological emergencies. If GCSE becomes super-refractory, it is associated with significant mortality. Although aggressive management of prolonged status epilepticus was conducted, the mortality has not decreased since the late 1990s. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to explore the risk factors for progression to super-refractory in patients with generalized convulsive status epilepticus (GCSE)...

BACKGROUND: Status epilepticus (SE) is a critical neurological emergency in patients with neurological and nonneurological diseases. Mortality rises with SE severity. However, whether brain injury or systemic organ dysfunction causes death after SE remains unclear. We studied clinical outcomes and systemic dysfunctions associated with SE using standardized data from the common data model. This model includes clinical evaluations and treatments that provide real-world evidence for standard practice...

Background Electroencephalography has long been used to detect seizures in patients with disorders of consciousness. In recent years, there has been a drastically increased adoption of continuous EEG (cEEG) in the ICUs. Summary Despite the development of increasingly performant imaging techniques and several validated biomarkers, EEG remains central to clinicians in the intensive care unit, and is experiencing expanding indications. Not only does EEG allow seizure or status epilepticus detection, which in the ICU often present without clinical movements, but it is also central for the prognostic evaluation of comatose patients, especially after cardiac arrest, and for detecting delayed ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage...