new guidlines

Polyoxometalates (POMs), ranging in size from 1 to 10's of nanometers, resemble building blocks of inorganic materials. Elucidating their complex solubility behavior with alkali-counterions can inform natural and synthetic aqueous processes. In the study of POMs ([Nb24 O72 H9 ]15- , Nb24 ) we discovered an unusual solubility trend (termed anomalous solubility) of alkali-POMs, in which Nb24 is most soluble with the smallest (Li+ ) and largest (Rb/Cs+ ) alkalis, and least soluble with Na/K+ . Via computation, we define a descriptor (σ-profile) and use an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict all three described alkali-anion solubility trends: amphoteric, normal (Li+ >Na+ >K+ >Rb+ >Cs+ ), and anomalous (Cs+ >Rb+ >K+ >Na+ >Li+ )...

Co-crystal is an attractive alternative and a new class of solid forms because that can be engineered to have desired physicochemical properties. Co-crystals have gained considerable attention from the generic pharmaceutical industry after the USFDA released its finalized guidlines in the year 2018 on the regulatory classification of co-crystals. In this review, we discussed how co-crystals could be explored as a potential alternative solid form for the development of a generic product that meets the legal, regulatory, and bioequivalence requirements...

UNLABELLED: Diverticular disease and diverticulitis represent an increasingly common disease especially in patients with advanced age. The German Society of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS) as well as the German Society of General and Visceral Surgery (DGAV) in collaboration with the German Radiology Society (DRG) created and published S2k guidelines regarding this topic. Knowledge of the diagnosis and therapy of this common disease is extremely important for the radiologist for the daily clinical routine...

OBJECTIVE: Minimally invasive cement augmentation of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in elderly patients. INDICATIONS: Painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in elderly patients (> 65 years of age) after conservative therapy failure. Painful aggressive primary tumors of the spine or osteolytic metastases to the spine with high risk of vertebral fracture in the palliative care setting. CONTRAINDICATIONS: General contraindications for surgical interventions...

BACKGROUND: Sertraline is a well known antidepressant drug which belongs to a class called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Most published methods do not enable studying the stability of this drug in different stress conditions. RESULTS: Two new methods were developed for the determination of sertraline (SER). Both methods are based on coupling with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) in borate buffer of pH 7.8 and measuring the reaction product spectrophotometrically at 395 nm (Method I) or spectrofluorimetrically at 530 nm upon excitation at 480 nm (Method II)...

The non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) is not a unitary disease. It is a general term for the bronchopulmonary diseases caused by any mycobacterium other than M. tuberculosis. We don't call the pulmonary "pseudomoniosis" for the diffuse bronchiectasis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, though conditions of the disease looks like NTM. The name of NTM represents that the causativebacteria belong to the same species with M. tuberculosis which causes serious pulmonary infectious disease. The pulmonary diseases caused by M...

The developments of antileprosy drugs and their influences on the epidemiological aspects of Hansen's disease (leprosy) in Japan are investigated. 1. Hydnocarpus oil (Daifushi-Yu) products were the only useful drugs for the treatment of Hansen's disease (leprosy) in Japan from the early 1900's to just after the World War II. In those days leprosy was considered to be incurable malady. 2. The chemotherapy of leprosy, progressing from 1943 in the United States, was introduced to Japan in 1948. Promin(R) (sulfoxone sodium) for injection in 1948 and Diasone(R), and Promizole(R) for oral use in 1949 were available for the treatment of leprosy patients in the National Hansen's Disease Sanatorium in Japan...

OBJECTIVE: This guideline defines the standards pertaining to the application and documentation of fetal surveillance in labour that will decrease the incidence of birth asphyxia while maintaining the lowest possible rate of obstetrical intervention. Both high- and low-risk obstetrical populations are considered. It is intended that this guideline could be used by all persons providing intrapartum care in Canada, including nurses, physicians, and midwives. OPTIONS: Consideration has been given to methods of fetal surveillance currently available in Canada, including intermittent auscultation, electronic fetal monitoring (alone and when paired with vibro-acoustic or scalp stimulation and fetal scalp blood sampling), the "admission strip," computerized heart rate analysis, fetal oxygen saturation monitoring, fetal electrocardiogram analysis, and near-infrared spectroscopy...

Two-dimensional echocardiography has been the reference standard for establishing the clinical diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse. Superior systolic displacement of the mitral leaflets, however, is not necessary abnormal. Whether and at what point leaflet displacement uniquely describes a pathologic process should not be accepted without defining the pattern of normal mitral leaflet motion. One should combine informations from phonocardiograms, Doppler color flow mapping and two-dimensional echocardiograms in an effort to avoid the artifice of using two-dimensional echocardiography as a categoric reference standard and to establish new clinical guidline or criteria that distinguish pathologic mitral valve prolapse from normal superior systolic displacement of the mitral leaflets...

The penetration of x-rays should be correlated the depth of the pathological process. The introduction of the "half-value depth" (D1/2) as a guidline in the selection of radiation qualities has greatly simplified cutaneous radiotherapy. Modern dermatologic x-ray units with beryllium windows operated between 10 and 50 (or 100 kV, offer the widest spectrum of radiation qualities suitable for dermatologic therapy, although older types of radiation equipment are still useful for most dermatology indications. Previous risks in dermatologic radiation therapy have been reduced to a large degree by the introduction of new sophisticated safety devices and by a deliberate reduction of unnecessary variations in the selection of physical factors...