sports methodology

Within the past decade, injuries caused by electric scooter (e-scooter) crashes have significantly increased. A common cause of fatalities for e-scooter riders is a collision between a car and an e-scooter. To develop a better understanding of the complex injury mechanisms in these collisions, four crashes between an e-scooter and a family car/sedan and a sports utility vehicle were simulated using finite element models. The vehicles impacted the e-scooter at a speed of 30 km/hr in a perpendicular collision, and at 15 degrees towards the vehicle, to simulate a rider being struck by a turning vehicle...

OBJECTIVE: The pathogenesis of rotator cuff tears (RCTs) is multifactorial. Critical shoulder angle (CSA), which represents the lateral extension of the acromion over the cuff, has been proposed as an extrinsic risk factor. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the available literature regarding the correlation between RCT and CSA. METHODS: A review was carried out in accordance with the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses" guidelines on July 17, 2023, using the following databases: PubMed, Ovid, and Cochrane Reviews...

PURPOSE: To identify the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in adolescent athletes based on sex, sport, and sport affiliation. METHODS: A literature search was performed using three online databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE) from database inception to November 2023 per the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Included studies consisted of level I or II studies reporting on ACL injury exposures in time (hours) or injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures (AE) (1 game or practice) in adolescent athletes...

INTRODUCTION: Physical activity acts as an adjuvant in the treatment of numerous diseases and in the promotion of healthy aging. Increasing longevity entails an increase in the demand for professionals who prescribe physical activity, specifically physiotherapists and physical-activity educators. OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this study was to explore the perceptions of a group of third- and fourth-year Physiotherapy students (n=9) and Sport Sciences students (n=5), and experts who work with older adults (n=3) about their knowledge of the older adult population and healthy aging...

Esports is a rapidly growing industry and related information garners the attention of audiences both inside and outside the arena. The electronic competition system has become more structured over time and there are now standard off-seasons, which coincide tightly with an intensive period of player transfers. However, at the same time, the off-season has few events to cover and transfer information is highly confidential, so any insights regarding possible transfers are of deep interest to audiences. As a result, unofficial esports insiders often leak transfer information...

PURPOSE: Rotator cuff (RC) disorders are the most common cause of shoulder disability. The aim of this study was to quantify the evidence on the sex-related differences in RC repair. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed in January 2023 in PubMed, Wiley Cochrane Library and Web of Science on research articles on humans with RC tears treated surgically. A meta-analysis was performed to compare results in men and women. The Downs and Black score and the modified Coleman methodology score (MCMS) were used to assess the retrieved studies...

Exploration is an important feature for successfully learning motor skills. However, game rules such as one attempt to serve in volleyball could discourage exploration due to an individual's fear of making a mistake and forfeiting a point. The constraints-led approach is a coaching methodology that encourages exploration by selectively manipulating task constraints such as rules. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine whether the addition of the task constraint of a second serve would encourage volleyball players to use their first serve to explore their action capabilities...

BACKGROUND: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is widely used in the treatment of patients with musculoskeletal and sports disorders with a lack of significance in patients with sprain ankle. PURPOSE: This review investigated the effect of PBMT on pain, oedema, and function in patients with an ankle sprain. METHODS: A systematic search of the databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, Physiotherapy Evidence (PEDro), and the Cochrane Databases) was performed from inception to the end of 2023 to identify any clinical study investigating the effect of PBMT on ankle sprain...

Meta-session autoregulation, a person-adaptive form of exercise prescription that adjusts training variables according to daily fluctuations in performance considering an individual's daily fitness, fatigue, and readiness-to-exercise is commonly used in sports-related training and may be beneficial for non-athlete populations to promote exercise adherence. To guide refinement of meta-session autoregulation, it is crucial to examine the existing literature and synthesize how these procedures have been practically implemented...

Considering recent research and reports, much attention has been given to understanding and addressing issues of abuse in sport. Similarly, attention has been given to enhancing children's psychosocial experiences within sport. However, to-date, consideration of these two elements together, that is minimising abuse and enhancing enjoyment, has been minimal. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to explore perceptions of the process through which an optimally safe and enjoyable sporting experience can be created for young people...

Within the domain of coach education researchers have long called for a paradigm shift, whereby the quality of coaching practice is no longer measured against a checklist of prescribed competencies. This desire to evolve coach education and development, has been aligned to the need to better identify, understand and utilise what adaptive skill and expertise looks, sounds and feels like across specific sport coaching contexts. This paper outlines a broader research plan for the Premier League to drive the progress of research informed practice, in turn shaping a coach development agenda focused on developing adaptive and skilful coaches within Academies...

One way of recycling end-of-life tires is by shredding them to obtain crumb rubber, a microplastic material (<0.5 mm), used as infill in artificial turf sports fields or as playground flooring. There is emerging concern about the health and environmental consequences that this type of surfaces can cause. This research aims to develop an analytical methodology able to determine 11 compounds of environmental and health concern, including antiozonants such as N-1,3-dimethylbutyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) or N, N´-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (DPPD), and vulcanization and crosslinking agents, such as N-cyclohexylbenzothiazole-2-sulfenamide (CBS), 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine (DTG) or hexamethoxymethylmelamine (HMMM) from tire rubber...

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus concerning the rehabilitation protocol following reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Several patients are expecting to be able to use their arms for sports or recreation shortly after their operation. METHODS: This review was designed as an intervention systematic review with narrative analysis. Authors searched English literature in PubMed and Embase databases from 1/1/1989 until July 2022. Controlled studies comparing rehabilitation protocols for patients undergoing reverse shoulder arthroplasty were included...

-The automatic identification of human physical activities, commonly referred to as Human Activity Recognition (HAR), has garnered significant interest and application across various sectors, including entertainment, sports, and notably health. Within the realm of health, a myriad of applications exists, contingent upon the nature of experimentation, the activities under scrutiny, and the methodology employed for data and information acquisition. This diversity opens doors to multifaceted applications, including support for the well-being and safeguarding of elderly individuals afflicted with neurodegenerative diseases, especially in the context of smart homes...

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature and analyze clinical outcomes and return-to-sport after surgical management of cartilage injuries in football players. DESIGN: A systematic literature review was performed in August 2023 on PubMed, WebOfScience, and Cochrane Library to collect studies on surgical strategies for cartilage lesions in football players. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed with the modified Coleman Methodology score and RoB2 and RoBANS2 tools...

BACKGROUND: Women's football has been booming for a few years now, which has led to an increase in the expectation of the players' performance, leading to a more detailed study of women's physiology in the field of sports. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the scientific evidence on the influence of menstruation on the performance of female footballers, as well as to analyze the methodological quality of the studies included in this review. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The possible hormonal effects of the menstrual cycle phases on the performance of female footballers were analyzed...

In the realm of human motion recognition systems, the augmentation of 3D human pose data plays a pivotal role in enriching and enhancing the quality of original datasets through the generation of synthetic data. This augmentation is vital for addressing the current research gaps in diversity and complexity, particularly when dealing with rare or complex human movements. Our study introduces a groundbreaking approach employing Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), coupled with Support Vector Machine (SVM) and DenseNet, further enhanced by robot-assisted technology to improve the precision and efficiency of data collection...

In sports science, the use of wearable technology has facilitated the development of new approaches for tracking and assessing athletes' performance. This narrative review rigorously explores the evolution and contemporary state of wearable devices specifically engineered for continuously monitoring lactate levels in sweat, an essential biomarker for appraising endurance performance. Lactate threshold tests have traditionally been integral in tailoring training intensity for athletes, but these tests have relied on invasive blood tests that are impractical outside a laboratory setting...

This review systematically compiles sports-related drugs, substances, and methodologies based on the 2023 Prohibited List. Aligned with the list's structure, it covers all proscribed items and details the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of five representatives from each section. Notably, it explores significant metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with these substances. Adverse analytical findings are summarized in tables for clarity, and the prevalence is visually represented through charts...

With recent technological advancements, quantitative analysis has become an increasingly important area within professional sports. However, the manual process of collecting data on relevant match events like passes, goals and tacklings comes with considerable costs and limited consistency across providers, affecting both research and practice. In football, while automatic detection of events from positional data of the players and the ball could alleviate these issues, it is not entirely clear what accuracy current state-of-the-art methods realistically achieve because there is a lack of high-quality validations on realistic and diverse data sets...