Junyi Ju, Hui Zhang, Moubin Lin, Zifeng Yan, Liwei An, Zhifa Cao, Dandan Geng, Jingwu Yue, Yang Tang, Luyang Tian, Fan Chen, Yi Han, Wenjia Wang, Shimin Zhao, Jiao Shi, Zhaocai Zhou
Lactylation has been recently identified as a new type of posttranslational modification widely occurring on lysine residues of both histone and non-histone proteins. The acetyl transferase p300 is thought to mediate protein lactylation, yet the cellular concentration of the proposed lactyl-donor, lactyl-coenzyme A is about 1,000 times lower than that of acetyl-CoA, raising the question whether p300 is a genuine lactyl-transferase. Here, we report the Alanyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (AARS1) moonlights as a bona fide lactyl-transferase that directly uses lactate and ATP to catalyze protein lactylation...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Clinical Investigation