keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38295296/assessment-of-the-combined-inputs-of-antimicrobials-from-top-soil-improvers-and-irrigation-waters-on-green-leafy-vegetable-fields
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolina Barola, Gianfranco Brambilla, Roberta Galarini, Simone Moretti, Stefano Morabito
Sustainable food systems involve the recycling of biowaste and water. This study characterizes thirty-one top soil improvers of anthropogenic, animal, and green waste origin, along with eleven irrigation waters from rivers, channels, and civil wastewater treatment plants (cWWTPs) for the presence of antimicrobials. Liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) was employed to identify forty-eight drugs belonging to the classes of sulfonamides (11), tetracyclines (7), fluoroquinolones (10), macrolides (12), amphenicols (3), pleuromutilins (2), diaminopyrimidines (1), rifamycins (1) and licosamides (1)...
January 31, 2024: Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38277887/effect-of-housing-system-on-carcass-composition-meat-quality-digestive-morphometry-and-leg-bone-dimensions-of-ross-308-parent-broilers
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcin Wegner, Dariusz Kokoszyński, Marek Kotowicz, Krzysztof Krajewski
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of 2 Ross 308 parent broiler housing systems (SLS-slat-litter system vs. LS-litter-based system) in terms of carcass composition, meat quality traits (chemical composition, texture, physicochemical properties), as well as biometric traits of the digestive system and leg bones. The weight of the eviscerated carcass and the proportion of carcass components were determined at the end of the reproductive period (60 wk of life) following slaughter. The lengths and diameters of the individual intestinal segments, the weight of selected internal organs, the acidity (pH24 ) and electrical conductivity (EC24 ), as well as the color (L*, a*, b*) of breast and thigh muscles were assessed...
December 16, 2023: Poultry Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38275953/stenm_174-a-novel-podophage-that-infects-a-wide-range-of-stenotrophomonas-spp-and-suggests-a-new-subfamily-in-the-family-autographiviridae
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vera V Morozova, Vyacheslav I Yakubovskij, Ivan K Baykov, Yuliya N Kozlova, Artem Yu Tikunov, Igor V Babkin, Alevtina V Bardasheva, Elena V Zhirakovskaya, Nina V Tikunova
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was discovered as a soil bacterium associated with the rhizosphere. Later, S. maltophilia was found to be a multidrug-resistant hospital-associated pathogen. Lytic bacteriophages are prospective antimicrobials; therefore, there is a need for the isolation and characterization of new Stenotrophomonas phages. The phage StenM_174 was isolated from litter at a poultry farm using a clinical strain of S. maltophilia as the host. StenM_174 reproduced in a wide range of clinical and environmental strains of Stenotrophomonas , mainly S...
December 21, 2023: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38269399/magnesium-activation-affects-the-properties-and-phosphate-sorption-capacity-of-poultry-litter-biochar
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua T Padilla, Donald W Watts, Jeffrey M Novak, Vasile Cerven, James A Ippolito, Ariel A Szogi, Mark G Johnson
Biochars with a high affinity for phosphorus (P) are promising soil amendments for reducing P in agricultural run-off. Poultry litter (PL) is an abundant biochar feedstock. However, PL-derived biochars are typically high in soluble P and therefore require chemical modification to become effective P sorbents. This study investigated the effect of magnesium (Mg) activation on extractable P (EP) and P sorption capacities of PL-derived biochars. Biochar was produced at 500-900 °C from PL activated with 0-1 M Mg...
October 7, 2023: Biochar
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38266435/research-note-welfare-and-stress-responses-of-broiler-chickens-raised-in-conventional-and-animal-welfare-certified-broiler-farms
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Byung-Yeon Kwon, Hyun-Gwan Lee, Yong-Sung Jeon, Ju-Yong Song, Sang-Ho Kim, Dong-Wook Kim, Chan-Ho Kim, Kyung-Woo Lee
The present study was conducted to assess the animal welfare status of broiler chickens raised in conventional and welfare-certified farms. One conventional farm (30,000 birds/house, 1,488 m2 /house, 2 houses) and one animal welfare-certified farm (32,000 birds/house, 1,920 m2 /house, 2 houses) were selected to measure productivity, stress responses, and animal welfare indicators in 3 broiler flocks (2 farms/season, n = 6 flocks/farm type) during summer, autumn, and spring. Upon farm visits, body weight, uniformity, and animal welfare indicators (i...
January 11, 2024: Poultry Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38249104/hazards-associated-with-the-combined-application-of-fungicides-and-poultry-litter-in-agricultural-areas
#26
REVIEW
Dario Corrêa-Junior, Cláudio Ernesto Taveira Parente, Susana Frases
In recent decades, the poultry farming industry has assumed a pivotal role in meeting the global demand for affordable animal proteins. While poultry farming makes a substantial contribution to food security and nutrition, it also presents environmental and public health challenges. The use of poultry litter as fertilizer for agricultural soils raises concerns about the transfer of pathogens and drug-resistant microorganisms from poultry farms to crop production areas. On the other hand, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), fungicides represent the second most used chemical group in agricultural practices...
January 9, 2024: Journal of Xenobiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38242054/genetic-parameter-estimates-for-the-use-of-an-aviary-with-winter-garden-by-laying-hens
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bayode O Makanjuola, Sabine G Gebhardt-Henrich, Michael J Toscano, Christine F Baes
The behavioral activity of laying hens in an aviary is indicative of their welfare and health. Furthermore, hens' usage of the different locations within an aviary has been shown to influence laying performance and egg quality. For example, hens that spent a longer duration of time in the nest during laying were observed to have lower laying performance. Therefore, understanding genetics of laying hens' usage of the aviary could be important for predicting egg quality, production traits and health and welfare...
December 9, 2023: Poultry Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38221958/effect-of-litter-management-systems-on-incidence-and-severity-of-footpad-dermatitis-among-broilers-at-finisher-stage
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
O M Alabi, S O Olagunju, F A Aderemi, T E Lawal, A O Oguntunji, M O Ayoola, O A Oladejo, B E Adeleye, A A Adewumi, B D Alabi, A Tarta
Pododermatitis, or footpad dermatitis (FPD), is a welfare concern affecting broiler chickens globally. In the humid tropics, where high temperatures and humidity prevail, the impact of pododermatitis on broiler performance characteristics and behavior becomes even more significant hence this investigation. One hundred and eighty male broilers were used for this experiment out of 200 birds initially procured at day old. They were brooded and reared on deep litter and at 21 days of age, they were randomly allotted to the experimental unit...
2024: Translational Animal Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38220073/fate-of-antibiotics-and-hormones-during-hydrothermal-carbonization-of-poultry-litter-degradation-kinetics-and-toxicity-assessment-of-filtrates-and-hydrochars
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Micol Campagnano, Keke Xiao, Yael Gilboa, Uta Cheruty, Eran Friedler
This study investigated degradation kinetics of five selected organic micropollutants (OMPs) present in poultry litter (namely: sulfadiazine, tetracycline, and doxycycline hyclate (antibiotics); estrone and 17-β-estradiol (hormones)) during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) treatment as the temperature stepwise increased to 250 °C. All five pure OMPs were completely degraded before 250 °C was reached during the HTC process. Nevertheless, presence of poultry litter slowed down the degradation of OMPs...
January 12, 2024: Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38193215/a-walk-through-the-broiler-breeder-life-how-do-footpad-dermatitis-and-gait-scores-develop-from-rearing-to-slaughter
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Käthe Elise Kittelsen, Guro Vasdal, Ida Thøfner, Fernanda Tahamtani
The two most common animal-based indicators used to evaluate leg health in broiler chickens are footpad dermatitis (FPD) and gait scoring (GS), but these indicators are less explored in broiler breeders. This study is the first to investigate FPD and GS in broiler breeders during their life span from rearing to end of life. In total, 8 flocks were monitored (4 Ross, 4 Hubbard) at five different time points, in rearing (5 and 15 weeks of age), during the production period (25 and 45 weeks of age) and at the end of the production period (approximately 60 weeks of age)...
January 9, 2024: Avian Pathology: Journal of the W.V.P.A
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38167706/insect-frass-composition-and-potential-use-as-an-organic-fertilizer-in-circular-economies
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Helen C S Amorim, Amanda J Ashworth, Komala Arsi, M Guadalupe Rojas, Juan A Morales-Ramos, Annie Donoghue, Kelsy Robinson
Insect manure or "frass" has emerged as an alternative nutrient source for alleviating the dependence on fossil fuel-based fertilizers, reducing food waste, and promoting food security. Yet, research on insect frass chemical composition is in its infancy. Here, we assessed the chemical properties of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.) frass compared with poultry litter (PL). Insect frass was obtained from the National Biological Control Laboratory (NBCL; IF-L) and an insect-rearing company (IF-C). PL was collected from facilities in Arkansas (PL-AR) and North Carolina (PL-NC)...
January 3, 2024: Journal of Economic Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38161659/data-on-growth-performance-of-marine-chlorella-sp-cultured-in-different-cost-effective-media
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trina Das, Sifatun Nur, Mohammad Ekramul Haque, Mahima Ranjan Acharjee, Subeda Newase, Sadia Afrin, Helena Khatoon
This paper presents the data on growth performance of marine Chlorella sp. cultured in different cost-effective media including cow dung, cow urine, poultry litter, compost, NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), and UTR (Urea, TSP, and red potash). Growth curve of Chlorella sp. was determined at 5 mg of cow dung, poultry litter, compost, NPK, UTR and 5 µL of cow urine per 350 ml sea water (25 ppt) to identify the onset of stationary phase. Further four media among these were selected to continue the experiment at 8 mg and 11 mg of concentration...
February 2024: Data in Brief
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38157790/research-note-comparative-effects-of-liquid-and-dry-applications-of-a-combination-of-lysolecithin-synthetic-emulsifier-and-monoglycerides-on-growth-performance-nutrient-digestibility-and-litter-moisture-in-broilers-fed-diets-of-differing-energy-density
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra L Wealleans, Alexandra Desbruslais, Rita Goncalves, Dawn Scholey, David Gonzalez-Sanchez, Emily Burton, Riet Spaepen, Allison Elliott, Douglas Currie
Supplementation of a combination of lysolecithin, a synthetic emulsifier, and monoglycerides (LEX) in liquid and dry form to broiler diets with different energy levels was investigated to determine their effect on performance, litter quality and subsequent occurrence of footpad lesions. One thousand two hundred and forty-eight-day-old Ross 308 broilers were assigned to 1 of 6 treatments for a 42-day study: a basal diet with a normal energy content (NE); NE + 300 g/t LEX in liquid form (LEL); NE + 500 g/t LEX in dry form (LED); a basal diet with low energy (LE, -90 kcal/kg starter, -100 kcal/kg grower, finisher), LE + 300 g/t LEL and a LE + 500 g/t LED...
December 3, 2023: Poultry Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38154489/cecal-dilatation-in-cattle-ingesting-megathyrsus-maximus-syn-panicum-maximum-cv-momba%C3%A3-a-and-cv-tanz%C3%A3-nia
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandro V Schons, Taciane Leticia de Melo Souza, Jeronimo Vieira Dantas Filho, Elvino Ferreira, Ed Johnny da Rosa Prado, James Pfister, Daniel Cook, Franklin Riet-Correa
Nine outbreaks of cecal dilatation are reported in cattle in rotationally-grazed pastures of Megathyrsus maximus during the rainy season with one day grazing and rest intervals of 23-28 days. Clinical signs, observed 6-24 h after entering the pasture, were inappetence, long periods in sternal recumbency, rough hair coat, arched back, tenesmus with difficult defecation, dry stools, reduced ruminal movements, intestinal tympany with right abdominal distention, and decreased milk production. The animals recovered 8-12 h after their removal from the pastures...
December 26, 2023: Toxicon: Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38136686/assessing-the-effect-of-oxytetracycline-on-the-selection-of-resistant-escherichia-coli-in-treated-and-untreated-broiler-chickens
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ekaterina Pokrant, María Belén Vargas, María José Navarrete, Karina Yévenes, Lina Trincado, Paula Cortés, Aldo Maddaleno, Lisette Lapierre, Javiera Cornejo
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is administered in the poultry industry for the treatment of digestive and respiratory diseases. The use of OTC may contribute to the selection of resistant bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of birds or in the environment. To determine the effect of OTC on the selection of resistant Escherichia coli strains post-treatment, bacteria were isolated from droppings and litter sampled from untreated and treated birds. Bacterial susceptibility to tetracyclines was determined by the Kirby-Bauer test...
November 23, 2023: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38100940/variation-in-litter-occupancy-and-dust-bathing-patterns-among-layer-strains-following-periods-of-litter-restriction
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tessa C Grebey, Janice C Swanson, Tina M Widowski, Robert J Tempelman, Janice M Siegford
Producers are moving toward cage-free systems to house laying hens. These include aviary styles with multilevel wire enclosures and litter areas on the floor. In aviaries with doors hens can be confined within the tiered enclosure, which can be done to promote oviposition in nests and prevent hens from laying eggs in litter. However, there are multiple genetic strains of laying hen used in the egg industry, and some show different temporal patterns for key behaviors that could affect when they want to be on litter...
November 25, 2023: Poultry Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38094070/influence-of-pine-and-miscanthus-biochar-on-the-water-activity-and-moisture-sorption-isotherms-of-used-broiler-litter
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Emerson Linhoss, Maryam Kate Mohammadi-Aragh, Jeffrey Dwayne Evans
The effect of various inclusion rates of pine biochar (PBC), miscanthus biochar (MCB) and starting moisture contents on the water activity (Aw ) of broiler litter/biochar mixtures was examined. Suitable models for the resulting moisture sorption isotherms were also evaluated. For poultry mixed with PBC and MBC, higher starting moisture contents led to increased Aw . Aw generally increased at high inclusion rates of PBC and MBC, which may be explained by the porous nature and general hydrophobicity of BC. Of the five models examined, the exponential rise to maximum was considered to be the most useful due to its accuracy at moisture contents similar to those commonly found in commercial poultry houses (10-30 % wet basis)...
December 2023: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38086295/effect-of-on-farm-poultry-litter-composting-processes-on-physicochemical-biological-and-toxicological-parameters-and-reduction-of-antibiotics-and-antibiotic-resistant-escherichia-coli
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Okada, Brian Jonathan Young, Débora Jesabel Pérez, María Celeste Pellegrini, Walter Daniel Carciochi, Carla Mariela Lavallén, Alejandra Graciela Ponce, Marcela Cecilia Dopchiz, Keren Hernández Guijarro, María Del Rocío Franco, Ana María Di Martino, Pedro Federico Rizzo
Poultry litter is a valuable source of nutrients for crop production, but its use in agriculture can lead to environmental and public health concerns due to the presence of pollutants, antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). We compared the effect of different on-farm poultry litter composting processes on physicochemical, biological, and toxicological parameters, as well as on the occurrence of antibiotics and resistant Escherichia coli. The composting treatments consisted of passively-aerated piles C:N = 19 (PAC19 ), mechanically-aerated piles C:N = 19 (MAC19 ), and mechanically-aerated piles C:N = 30 (MAC30 )...
December 11, 2023: Waste Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38076110/effects-of-integrated-plant-nutrition-systems-with-fertilizer-deep-placement-on-rice-yields-and-nitrogen-use-efficiency-under-different-irrigation-regimes
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S M Mofijul Islam, Yam Kanta Gaihre, Md Rafiqul Islam, Aminul Islam, Upendra Singh, Bjoern Ole Sander
Improved fertilizer management, with a combination of organic and inorganic inputs, has the potential to enhance rice yield while maintaining soil health. However, studies on the effects of broadcast prilled urea (PU) and urea deep placement (UDP) applied in combination with organic inputs (poultry litter [PL] and vermicompost [VC]), as integrated plant nutrition systems (IPNSs), on rice yields and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation are limited. We conducted field experiments during the dry and wet seasons of 2018, 2019, and 2020 to investigate the effects of fertilizer treatments, including control (no nitrogen), UDP, PU, and IPNSs (PU + VC, PU + PL, and UDP + PL) on rice yield and NUE under two irrigation regimes - AWD and continuous flooding (CF)...
December 2023: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38053490/use-of-wheat-dilution-to-improve-digestive-function-in-broilers-application-in-low-protein-diets
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Naeem, E J Burton, D V Scholey, A Alkhtib, S Broadberry
1. This study evaluated the effect of wheat dilution increasing in particle size in low crude protein diets on growth performance, digestive tract, nitrogen efficiency and litter quality in broiler chickens.2. Ross 308 male broiler chicks ( n  = 336) were allocated to one of four dietary treatments (each with seven pens, 12 chicks per pen); Control (CON; commercial pellet diet with standard crude protein, CP: 22.50%), W578 (CON +20% wheat of geometric mean diameter (GMD) of 578 µm; CP:20...
December 6, 2023: British Poultry Science
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