CIT

BACKGROUND: Bicarbonate has recently been identified as a crucial factor affecting peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) activity; however, the mechanism underlying its role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unclear. Iguratimod (IGU), a small-molecule disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug, requires further investigation. This study aimed to explore the mechanism by which bicarbonate affects citrullination and inflammation in RA and identify new targets for IGU. METHODS: We enrolled 20 patients with RA in the study...

Monascus is a filamentous fungus that has been used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. When used as an auxiliary fermenting agent in the manufacturing of cheese, Monascus cheese is obtained. Citrinin (CIT) is a well-known hepatorenal toxin produced by Monascus that can harm the kidneys structurally and functionally and is frequently found in foods. However, CIT contamination in Monascus cheese is exacerbated by the metabolic ability of Monascus to product CIT, which is not lost during fermentation, and by the threat of contamination by Penicillium spp...

BACKGROUND: The use of older donors after circulatory death(DCD) for liver transplantation(LT) has increased over the past decade. This study examined whether outcomes of LT using older DCD(≥50 y) have improved with advancements in surgical/perioperative care and normothermic machine perfusion(NMP) technology. METHOD: 7,602 DCD LT cases from the UNOS database(2003-2022) were reviewed. The impact of older DCD donors on graft survival(GS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and hazard ratio(HR) analyses...

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Australia. Immunotherapy has improved outcomes in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pembrolizumab is approved in first-line treatment as single-agent immunotherapy (SAI) or combination chemoimmunotherapy (CIT). In metastatic NSCLC programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) ≥50% either regimen may be used. AIMS: We aim to identify patient and tumour characteristics that influence treatment selection...

Mycotoxins can inflict harmful effects on diverse organs, and mounting evidence indicates their potential involvement in human neurodegenerative diseases. Given the common occurrence of these toxins in food, there is an increasing demand for a comprehensive assessment of their combined toxicity to enhance our understanding of their potential hazards. This research investigates mycotoxin exposure from widely consumed cereal-based products, including enniatin B (ENNB), sterigmatocystin (STG), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), cyclopiazonic acid (CPZ), citrinin (CIT), and ochratoxin A (OTA)...

Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin disorders; it affects up to 85% of adolescents and often persists into adulthood. Topical 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) provides an alternative treatment for acne; however, its efficacy is greatly undermined by the limited skin permeability of ALA. Herein, biocompatible ionic liquids (ILs) based on aliphatic acid/choline were employed to enhance the dermal delivery of ALA, thereby improving the efficacy of PDT. In addition to the one-step delivery of ALA by utilizing ILs as carriers, a two-step strategy of pretreating the skin with blank ILs, followed by the administration of free ALA, was employed to test the IL-facilitated dermal delivery of ALA in vitro ...

BACKGROUND: We defined clinically relevant benchmark values in deceased donor kidney transplantation (KT), to assess the best achievable results in low-risk patient cohorts from experienced centers. METHODS: We identified the "ideal" cases from the United Network for Organ Sharing Standard Transplant Analysis and Research files from centers performing ≥50 KT per year between 2010 and 2018. Cases have been selected based on the kidney donor profile index values (<35%), a cold ischemia time (CIT) ≤18 h, a HLA mismatch ≤4, and excluding blood group (ABO) incompatible, dual and combined transplants...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: David P. Bernstein's model of personal strengths was born out of the interaction of schema theory and positive psychology. According to Bernstein, the strengths of a healthy adult self can be described along four dimensions: self-directedness, self-regulation, connectedness, and transcendence. Previous research has shown that attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults is associated with higher levels of perceived stress, but the role of personal strengths in this context has not yet been investigated...

All forms of life are presumed to synthesize arginine from citrulline via a two-step pathway consisting of argininosuccinate synthetase and argininosuccinate lyase using citrulline, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), and aspartate as substrates. Conversion of arginine to citrulline predominantly proceeds via hydrolysis. Here, from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis , we identified an enzyme which we designate "arginine synthetase". In arginine synthesis, the enzyme converts citrulline, ATP, and free ammonia to arginine, adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), and phosphate...

Biomarker-driven therapeutic clinical trials require implementation of standardized, evidence-based practices for sample collection. In diffuse glioma, phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3)-kinase/AKT/mTOR (PI3/AKT/mTOR) signaling is an attractive therapeutic target for which window of opportunity clinical trials could facilitate identification of promising new agents. Yet, the relevant preanalytic variables and optimal tumor sampling methods necessary to measure pathway activity are unknown. To address this, we used a murine model for IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM) and human tumor tissue, including IDH-wildtype GBM and IDH-mutant diffuse glioma...

PURPOSE OF THE REPORT: Although early detection of individuals at risk of dementia conversion is important in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), there is still no consensus on neuroimaging biomarkers for predicting future cognitive decline. We aimed to investigate whether cerebral perfusion patterns on early-phase 18F-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β-carboxymethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane (18F-FP-CIT) PET have the potential to serve as a neuroimaging predictor for early dementia conversion in patients with PD...

INTRODUCTION: No previous studies have evaluated the levels of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) remnants or the importance of deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I activity based on the disease activity of otitis media with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (OMAAV). The aim of this study was to explore the formation of NETs in the middle ear of patients with OMAAV during the onset and remission phases of the disease, with a particular focus on the relationships between the quantifiable levels of NET remnants and DNase I activity...

BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence suggests that peripheral inflammation is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We examined peripheral immune profiles and their association with clinical characteristics in patients with DLB and compared these with values in patients with PD. METHODS: We analyzed peripheral blood from 93 participants (drug-naïve DLB, 31; drug-naïve PD, 31; controls, 31). Absolute leukocyte counts, absolute counts of leukocyte subpopulations, and peripheral blood inflammatory indices such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were examined...

BACKGROUND: As a critical early event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis, telomerase activation might be a promising and critical biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, and its function in the genesis and treatment of HCC has gained much attention over the past two decades. AIM: To perform a bibliometric analysis to systematically assess the current state of research on HCC-related telomerase. METHODS: The Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed were systematically searched to retrieve publications pertaining to HCC/telomerase limited to "articles" and "reviews" published in English...

Sedentary behaviours among adults with intellectual disabilities have not been well studied. A sedentary lifestyle puts adults with and without disabilities at high risk of developing health conditions and diseases. Current literature revealed few empirical studies on the benefits of reducing sedentary behaviours with respect to the health of adults with intellectual disabilities. This research explored the factors that helped or hindered sedentary behaviours of adults with intellectual disabilities in the Canadian population...

The columnar polarization direction of ferroelectric columnar liquid crystals can be switched by applying an external electric field, and the polarization direction can be maintained, even after the electric field is removed. If the polarization direction of each column in ferroelectric columnar liquid crystals can be switched and maintained, then ultrahigh-density memory devices can be generated. Recently, we found that the columnar phase of N , N '-bis(3,4,5-tri( S )-citronellyloxyphenyl)urea ( Urea-( S )-cit ) shows ferroelectricity, whereas that of N , N '-bis(3,4,5-tridecyloxyphenyl)urea ( Urea-10 ) does not...

The coprecipitation of iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) in natural environments limits their bioavailability. Plant root-secreted organic acids can dissolve Fe-P precipitates, but the molecular mechanism underlying mobilizing biogenic elements from highly insoluble inorganic minerals remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated vivianite (Fe3 (PO4 )2 ·8H2 O) dissolution by organic acids (oxalic acid (OA), citric acid (CA), and 2'-dehydroxymugineic acid (DMA)) at three different pH values (4.0, 6.0, and 8...

BACKGROUND: Endothelial activation promotes the release of procoagulant extracellular vesicles and inflammatory mediators from specialized storage granules. Endothelial membrane exocytosis is controlled by phosphorylation. We hypothesized that the absence of PTP1B (protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B) in endothelial cells promotes venous thromboinflammation by triggering endothelial membrane fusion and exocytosis. METHODS: Mice with inducible endothelial deletion of PTP1B (End...

BACKGROUND: Arthroplasty registries are rarely used to inform encounters between clinician and patient. This study is part of a larger one which aimed to develop an information tool allowing both to benefit from previous patients' experience after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study focuses on generating the information tool specifically for pain outcomes. METHODS: Data from the Geneva Arthroplasty Registry (GAR) about patients receiving a primary elective THA between 1996 and 2019 was used...

In the domain of medical advancement, nanotechnology plays a pivotal role, especially in the synthesis of biocompatible materials for therapeutic use. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs), known for their magnetic properties and low toxicity, stand at the forefront of this innovation. This study explored the reproductive toxicological effects of Sodium Citrate-functionalized SPIONs (Cit_SPIONs) in adult male mice, an area of research that holds significant potential yet remains largely unknown...