Sinus Tarsi Syndrome

BACKGROUND Tarsometatarsal joint (TMJ) arthrodesis is common method used for correcting hallux abductus valgus (HAV). Its popularity has grown due to studies revealing HAV's triplanar deformity with frontal plane rotation. This case report presents a 28-year-old woman with Down syndrome, congenital heart disease, and a history of knee surgery and plantar fasciitis, with severe HAV deformity and flexible valgus flatfoot associated with ligamentous hyperlaxity. CASE REPORT Examination revealed severe foot deformities, and radiographic studies confirmed the condition...

Background and Objectives: Sinus tarsi syndrome (STS) is defined as pain located at the lateral opening of the tarsal sinus. The exact etiology of sinus tarsi syndrome is not completely understood. Some do not believe it to be a true pathology. This review aims to clarify the definition of sinus tarsi syndrome to better understand the underlying pathologies. We further propose an algorithm to evaluate sinus tarsi pain and provide advice for consecutive treatment options. Design : This is a narrative review...

The utilization of subtalar joint arthroscopy in intra-articular calcaneal fractures provides optimal visualization of articular surfaces for a more precise anatomical reduction, thus yielding better surgical outcomes. Current literature shows good functional and radiographic outcomes, fewer wound complications, and low incidence of post-traumatic arthritis with this technique than when utilizing an isolated lateral extensile incision of the calcaneus. As subtalar joint arthroscopy continues to grow in popularity and technological advancement, patients may benefit when surgeons incorporate this tool in conjunction with a minimally invasive technique for treatment of intra-articular calcaneal fractures...

Sprains are the most frequent injuries of the ankle, especially in sports. Up to 85% of cases affect the lateral ligament complex. Multi-ligament injuries with associated lesions of the external complex, deltoid, syndesmosis, and sinus tarsi ligaments are also common. Most ankle sprains respond to conservative treatment. However, up to 20 to 30% of patients can develop chronic ankle pain and instability.New concepts have been recently developed, based on arthroscopic advances, such as microinstability and rotatory ankle instability...

BACKGROUND: Sinus tarsi syndrome is characterized by permanent pain on the anterolateral side of the ankle due to chronic inflammation characterized by fibrotic tissue remnants and synovitis accumulation after repeated traumatic injuries. Few studies have documented the outcome of injection treatments for sinus tarsi syndrome. We sought to determine the effects of corticosteroid and local anesthetic (CLA), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and ozone injections on sinus tarsi syndrome. METHODS: Sixty patients with sinus tarsi syndrome were randomly divided into three treatment groups: CLA, PRP, and ozone injections...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to introduce a novel all-inside arthroscopic anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) repair for chronic ankle instability (CAI) with a knotless suture anchor technique-Hugging Repair, evaluate clinical outcomes, and analyze the associated risk factors. METHODS: A total of 84 patients (42 males and 42 females, mean age: 36.1 ± 11.2 years, range: 19-68 years) who underwent Hugging Repair from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018, were enrolled in this retrospective study...

The sinus tarsi is a funnel-shaped region at the junction of mid-foot and hind-foot which contains fat, vessels, nerves and ligaments. The ligaments help stabilise the subtalar joint and maintain the longitudinal arch of the foot. The nerve endings contain proprioceptive fibres indicating a role for the sinus tarsi in movement of the foot. Sinus tarsi syndrome is a clinical entity characterised by lateral hind-foot pain with worsening on palpation and weight-bearing, and perceived instability. It is associated with both traumatic and non-traumatic causes...

PURPOSE: A novel percutaneous distractor with the advantage of axial and direct distraction was designed for the minimally invasive treatment of calcaneal fractures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical results and complications of a novel distractor combined with sinus tarsi approach (STA) in treatment of the joint depression-type of calcaneal fractures. METHODS: Fifty-four patients with the depression-type of calcaneal fractures (30 Sanders type II, 22 Sanders type III, 2 Sanders type IV) who were subjected to the novel distractor combined with STA were retrospectively assessed...

We aimed to investigate the bone and soft tissue changes accompanying tarsal coalition (TC) and aimed to evaluate their association with the location and type of coalition. Ankle magnetic resonance imagings of 65 patients with TC were included. The relationship between the location and type of coalition and bone marrow edema, subchondral cysts, sinus tarsi syndrome, tarsal tunnel syndrome, posterior impingement syndrome, accessory bone, tibiotalar effusion, talar osteochondritis dissecans, ganglion cysts, and calcaneal spur were evaluated...

Lateral heel pain can have numerous causes and many of them are intra-articular pathologies of the anterior and posterior subtalar joint. Frequently, there is not a single pathology that account for the lateral heel pain and combination of different pathologies can occur. Symptomatic too-long anterior process of the calcaneus, sinus tarsi syndrome, and subtalar arthrofibrosis can be precipitated by repeated sprain. Cases recalcitrant to conservative treatment are indicated for surgery. The purpose of this Technical Note is to report a 2-portal arthroscopic approach to address these pathologies...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the arthroscopic findings of subtalar joints, including interosseous talocalcaneal ligament (ITCL) tear, in patients with chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) and sinus tarsi pain. METHODS: A total of 118 ankles (109 patients) having CLAI with sinus tarsi pain who had undergone subtalar arthroscopy and lateral ankle ligament surgery were evaluated. The medical records, radiologic images, and the arthroscopic images and videos were reviewed...

BACKGROUND: The sinus tarsi syndrome (STS) is a common foot and ankle disease with controversial pathogenesis and treatment procedures. This long-term study aimed to analyze the effect of a staged surgical strategy for STS. METHODS: Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 273 STS patients [129 men and 144 women; mean age: 36 years (10-60 years)] treated between 2006 and 2016. The 89 patients underwent different surgeries, including sinus tarsal debridement, subtalar joint stabilization, sinus tarsal denervation, tarsal coalition resection, or subtalar arthrodesis...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine multiple return to sport rates, long-term clinical outcomes and safety for subtalar arthroscopy for sinus tarsi syndrome. METHODS: Subtalar arthroscopies performed for sinus tarsi syndrome between 2013 and 2018 were analyzed. Twenty-two patients were assessed (median age: 28 (IQR 20-40), median follow-up 60 months (IQR 42-76). All patients were active in sports prior to the injury. The primary outcome was the return to pre-injury type of sport rate...

Sinus tarsi syndrome is a common cause of hindfoot pain in adults; however, diagnosis on planar bone scintigraphy can be challenging. We present 3 cases of sinus tarsi syndrome, review the spectrum of imaging findings associated with sinus tarsi syndrome, and show the key role that SPECT/CT can play in its diagnosis.

INTRODUCTION: Sinus tarsi syndrome is a relatively unknown condition presenting with pain and a feeling of instability. We aim to summarise evidence on the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of the condition, whilst answering the question of whether the term should be used. METHODS: Scoping review following the methodological frameworks of Arksey and O'Malley, Levac and Peters. The review protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework: (https://osf.io/wj6ct/?view_only=59445d344ec34b6fab640d2fa7a83943)...

Sinus Tarsi Syndrome is a cause of chronic ankle instability and pain. MRI of the ankle has been the modality of choice for diagnosing the condition. However, SPECT-CT offers an alternate modality for diagnosing and evaluation of the condition. We present the case of a footballer who was suffering from chronic right leg pain despite receiving physiotherapy. He was being managed as a case of a chronic ankle sprain. Meanwhile, he was referred to the department as radiology for MRI of the ankle could not be performed as the patient felt claustrophobic...

Sinus tarsi syndrome is the clinical syndrome of lateral heel pain with local tenderness at the sinus tarsi and is frequently associated with a history of inversion sprain to the ankle. The lateral heel pain can be due to the capsule-ligamentous structures lateral to the axis of the anterior and posterior subtalar joints. Anterior and posterior subtalar arthroscopies are needed to detect and treat the disorders of both joints. In this Technical Note, we describe the details of a 2-portal arthroscopic approach to both anterior and posterior subtalar joints...

Three-phase bone scan was performed for evaluation of possible sinus tarsi syndrome in a 52-year-old man with chronic left ankle pain. MRI was initially read as unremarkable, and there was little symptomatic improvement after intra-articular anesthetic injection. The primary finding that appreciated only delayed bone SPECT/CT images was focal increased uptake associated with a well-corticated 8-mm bony fragment adjacent to the left calcaneus, thought to represent an accessory ossicle within the left sinus tarsi...

OBJECTIVE: The accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) is a developmental entity described as a potential cause for rigid, painful flat foot. This study evaluates the possible association between the AALTF and other flat foot etiologies, specifically different types of tarsal coalitions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated patients with tarsal coalition or sinus tarsi syndrome for an AALTF on CT and MRI. Exclusion criteria included acute ankle trauma, recent surgery, motion or metal artifacts...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to report the results of arthroscopic debridement of the subtalar joint in eight patients with Sinus Tarsi Syndrome (STS) refractory to conservative treatment. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of eight patients with STS who underwent subtalar arthroscopy for debridement of the sinus tarsi between January 2015 and January 2017 after six months of conservative treatment. All patients answered an epidemiological questionnaire and underwent functional evaluation with the Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS) and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS) in the preoperative and in the last evaluation (average of 12 months - 6-24 months)...