keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336772/role-of-fenofibrate-in-multiple-sclerosis
#21
REVIEW
Ahmad A Abulaban, Hayder M Al-Kuraishy, Ali I Al-Gareeb, Engy Elekhnawy, Asma Alanazi, Athanasios Alexiou, Marios Papadakis, Gaber El-Saber Batiha
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The underlying pathophysiology of MS is the destruction of myelin sheath by immune cells. The formation of myelin plaques, inflammation, and injury of neuronal myelin sheath characterizes its neuropathology. MS plaques are multiple focal regions of demyelination disseminated in the brain's white matter, spinal cords, deep grey matter, and cerebral cortex. Fenofibrate is a peroxisome proliferative activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) that attenuates the inflammatory reactions in MS...
February 9, 2024: European Journal of Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38334133/-in-silico-investigations-and-molecular-insights-for-designing-trna-encoded-peptides-as-potential-therapeutics-for-targeting-over-expressed-receptors-in-breast-cancer
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pallavi M Shanthappa, Nidheesh Melethadathil
tRNA- Encoded Peptides (tREPs) have recently been discovered as new functional peptides and hold promise as therapeutics for anti-parasitic applications. In this study, in silico investigations were conducted to design tRNA-encoded peptides with the potential to target over-expressed receptors in breast cancer cells. tRNA genes were translated into corresponding peptides (tREPs) using computational tools. The tREPs, which were predicted as anticancer peptides, were then screened for various ADMET properties...
February 9, 2024: Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38333013/effects-of-unburned-tobacco-smoke-on-inflammatory-and-oxidative-mediators-in-the-rat-prefrontal-cortex
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fabio Vivarelli, Camilla Morosini, Laura Rullo, Loredana Maria Losapio, Antonio Lacorte, Stefano Sangiorgi, Severino Ghini, Ivan Fagiolino, Paola Franchi, Marco Lucarini, Sanzio Candeletti, Donatella Canistro, Patrizia Romualdi, Moreno Paolini
Although the Food and Drug Administration has authorized the marketing of "heat-not-burn" (HnB) electronic cigarettes as a modified risk tobacco product (MRTP), toxicological effects of HnB smoke exposure on the brain are still unexplored. Here, paramagnetic resonance of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of HnB-exposed rats shows a dramatic increase in reactive radical species (RRS) yield coupled with an inflammatory response mediated by NF-κB-target genes including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and the downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha and gamma expression...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38302816/the-obeticholic-acid-can-positively-regulate-the-cancerous-behavior-of-mcf7-breast-cancer-cell-line
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reza Rahmani, Neda Eivazi, Solaleh Emamgholipour, Mahdi Aminian, Ali Jalilian, Maliheh Paknejad
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis and treatment processes of cancer are among the main challenges of medical science in recent decades. The use of different therapeutic agents is one of the most common methods frequently utilized for cancer treatment. Accumulating evidence points to a potential effect of Obeticholic acid (OCA), a specific ligand for farnesoid X receptor, on the regulation of cancer-associated pathways. In spite of tremendous efforts to introduce OCA into the clinical setting, there is a great deal of uncertainty about its impact on breast cancer treatment...
February 1, 2024: Molecular Biology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38292518/a-reverse-translational-study-of-ppar-%C3%AE-agonist-efficacy-in-human-and-rodent-models-relevant-to-alcohol-use-disorder
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Barbara J Mason, David Estey, Amanda Roberts, Giordano de Guglielmo, Olivier George, John Light, Mike Stoolmiller, Susan Quello, Michael Skinner, Farhad Shadan, Adnan Begovic, Mark C Kyle, R Adron Harris
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder affecting an estimated 283 million individuals worldwide, with substantial health and economic consequences. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), particularly PPAR-α and PPAR-γ, have shown promise in preclinical studies as potential therapeutic targets for AUD. In this human laboratory study, we aimed to translate preclinical findings on the PPAR-α agonist fenofibrate to a human population with current AUD. We hypothesized that, relative to placebo, fenofibrate at the highest FDA-approved dose of 145 mg/d would attenuate responsiveness to in vivo alcohol cues in the lab and reduce drinking under natural conditions...
March 2024: Neurobiology of Stress
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38288873/dietary-supplementation-with-short-and-long-chain-structured-lipids-alleviate-obesity-via-regulating-hepatic-lipid-metabolism-inflammation-and-gut-microbiota-in-high-fat-diet-induced-obese-mice
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chonghui Yue, Yu Tang, Menghan Chang, Yueyue Wang, Huainan Peng, Xin Wang, Ziyu Wang, Xiaodan Zang, Hongyan Ben, Guoping Yu
BACKGROUND: Obesity is closely associated with lipid accumulation, inflammation and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. Short- and long-chain type structured lipids (SLCTs) is a kind of low-calorie structured lipids and demonstrates anti-obesity and hypolipidemia bioactivity. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential effects of dietary supplementation of short- and long-chain type structured lipids (SLCTs) rich in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids on high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity and gut microbiota modulation in C57BL/6J mice...
January 30, 2024: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38276726/mixture-effects-of-per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-on-embryonic-and-larval-sheepshead-minnows-cyprinodon-variegatus
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philip Tanabe, Peter B Key, Katy W Chung, Emily C Pisarski, Jessica L Reiner, Alix E Rodowa, Jason T Magnuson, Marie E DeLorenzo
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous and persistent environmental contaminants originating from many everyday products. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are two PFAS that are commonly found at high concentrations in aquatic environments. Both chemicals have previously been shown to be toxic to fish, as well as having complex and largely uncharacterized mixture effects. However, limited information is available on marine and estuarine species. In this study, embryonic and larval sheepshead minnows ( Cyprinodon variegatus ) were exposed to several PFAS mixtures to assess lethal and sublethal effects...
January 20, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262589/oral-supplementation-of-phosphatidylcholine-attenuates-the-onset-of-a-diet-induced-metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatohepatitis-in-female-c57bl-6j-mice
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Victor Sánchez, Anja Baumann, Annette Brandt, Maximilian F Wodak, Raphaela Staltner, Ina Bergheim
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Changes in phosphatidylcholine levels in liver have been associated with the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Here, the effects of supplementing phosphatidylcholine on the development of early signs of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) were assessed. METHODS: Male and female C57BL/6J mice were fed a liquid control or a fructose-, fat- and/or cholesterol-rich diet (FrFC) for 7 or 8 weeks...
January 21, 2024: Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38254301/co-treatment-of-astragaloside-iv-with-vitamin-d-in-diabetic-peripheral-neuropathic-rats-protective-effects-and-potential-mechanisms
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fengyan Tang, Bo Zhao, Li Zhang, Faisal Raza, Hajra Zafar, Shao Zhong, Lin Li, Wenhua Zhu, Lingna Fang, Bing Lu, Liwen Shen, Ping Guo, Nengxing Yu, Quanmin Li
OBJECTIVE: The potential mechanism underlying the protective effect of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) co-treatment with 1, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D (Vit-D) on neuropathy in diabetic high-fat rats was investigated. METHODS: The rat diabetic hyperlipidemia (DH) model was established via streptozotocin and a high-fat diet (HFD). After co-treatment (of AS-IV and Vit-D at respective doses of 50 mg/kg via oral gavage and 30000 IU/kg via intramuscular injection), blood glucose levels, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as apoptosis and histopathology were evaluated with appropriate techniques...
October 13, 2023: Current Molecular Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38248457/iodine-promotes-glucose-uptake-through-akt-phosphorylation-and-glut-4-in-adipocytes-but-higher-doses-induce-cytotoxic-effects-in-pancreatic-beta-cells
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reséndiz-Jiménez Arely, Arbez-Evangelista Cristian, Arroyo-Xochihua Omar, Palma-Jacinto José Antonio, Santiago-Roque Isela, De León-Ramírez Yeimy Mar, Hernández-Domínguez Xcaret Alexa, Arroyo-Helguera Omar
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological clinical reports have shown an association between iodine excess with diabetes mellitus type 2 and higher blood glucose. However, the relationship between iodine, the pancreas, adipose tissue, and glucose transport is unclear. The goal of this study was to analyze the effect of iodine concentrations (in Lugol solution) on glucose transport, insulin secretion, and its cytotoxic effects in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes and pancreatic beta-TC-6 cells. METHODS: Fibroblast 3T3-L1, mature adipocytes, and pancreatic beta-TC-6 cells were treated with 1 to 1000 µM of Lugol (molecular iodine dissolved in potassium iodide) for 30 min to 24 h for an MTT proliferation assay...
January 1, 2024: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38232863/discovery-and-preclinical-evaluation-of-a-novel-inhibitor-of-fabp5-art26-12-effective-in-oxaliplatin-induced-peripheral-neuropathy
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
George Warren, Myles Osborn, Christopher Tsantoulas, Ana David-Pereira, Daniel Cohn, Paul Duffy, Linette Ruston, Clare Johnson, Heather Bradshaw, Martin Kaczocha, Iwao Ojima, Andrew Yates, Saoirse E O'Sullivan
Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is a dose-limiting toxicity characterised by mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, without any licensed medications. ART26.12 is a fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) 5 inhibitor with antinociceptive properties, characterised here for the prevention and treatment of OIPN. ART26.12 binds selectively to FABP5 compared to FABP3, FABP4, and FABP7, with minimal off-target liabilities, high oral bioavailability, and a NOAEL of 1,000 mg/kg/day in rats and dogs...
January 15, 2024: Journal of Pain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38231653/improving-shelf-life-and-content-of-unsaturated-fatty-acids-in-meat-of-lambs-fed-a-diet-supplemented-with-grape-dregs
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yali Yao, Hongbo Wang, Zhenzhen Lu, Fang Nian, Chen Zheng, Fadi Li, Defu Tang
This study was conducted to evaluate the potential effects of dietary grape residue levels on the slaughter indicators, meat quality, meat shelf-life, unsaturated fatty acid content, and expression of fatty acid deposition genes in the muscle of lambs. Sixty 30-month-old male Dorper and Small-Tailed Han F1 hybrid lambs were assigned to a single factor complete randomized trial design and fed with four different diets including 0%, 8%, 16%, and 24% grape dregs, respectively. The findings regarding meat production efficacy in the lambs revealed substantial differences...
November 22, 2023: Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38202597/design-and-synthesis-of-novel-indole-ethylamine-derivatives-as-a-lipid-metabolism-regulator-targeting-ppar%C3%AE-cpt1-in-aml12-cells
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Chen Liu, Gang Wei, Zhi-Qiang Liao, Fang-Xin Wang, Chunxiao Zong, Jiannan Qiu, Yifei Le, Zhi-Ling Yu, Seo Young Yang, Heng-Shan Wang, Xiao-Bing Dou, Cai-Yi Wang
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) are important targets of lipid metabolism regulation for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) therapy. In the present study, a set of novel indole ethylamine derivatives ( 4 , 5 , 8 , 9 ) were designed and synthesized. The target product (compound 9 ) can effectively activate PPARα and CPT1a. Consistently, in vitro assays demonstrated its impact on the lipid accumulation of oleic acid (OA)-induced AML12 cells...
December 19, 2023: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38191667/depletion-of-junb-increases-adipocyte-thermogenic-capacity-and-ameliorates-diet-induced-insulin-resistance
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xing Zhang, Xiaofeng Ding, Chunqing Wang, Que Le, Dandan Wu, Anying Song, Guixiang Huang, Liping Luo, Yan Luo, Xin Yang, Aleyah E Goins, Sharina P Desai, Chengrui Qiu, Floyd D Silva, Lily Elizabeth Feldman, Jianlin Zhou, Michael F Spafford, Nathan H Boyd, Eric R Prossnitz, Xuexian O Yang, Qiong A Wang, Meilian Liu
The coexistence of brown adipocytes with low and high thermogenic activity is a fundamental feature of brown adipose tissue heterogeneity and plasticity. However, the mechanisms that govern thermogenic adipocyte heterogeneity and its significance in obesity and metabolic disease remain poorly understood. Here we show that in male mice, a population of transcription factor jun-B (JunB)-enriched (JunB+ ) adipocytes within the brown adipose tissue exhibits lower thermogenic capacity compared to high-thermogenic adipocytes...
January 8, 2024: Nature metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38189395/-lithocholic-acid-decreases-mrna-stability-of-nuclear-receptor-ppar-%C3%AE-by-upregulating-mir-21-expression-in-hepatoma-hepg2-cells
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Pang, N Huang, X Huang, X Li, W Xiong, B Kong, Y Yao
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory effects of lithocholic acid (LCA) on nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-alpha (PPAR α ) mRNA stability at the post-transcriptional level. METHODS: PPAR α 3'UTR luciferase reporter gene vectors were constructed and transfected into HepG2 cells to observe the changes in cellular luciferase activity in response to LCA treatments. Bioinformatic prediction and miRNA PCR array technique were used to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs induced by LCA and their potential binding sites on the 3'UTR...
December 20, 2023: Nan Fang Yi Ke da Xue Xue Bao, Journal of Southern Medical University
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38171466/ppar%C3%AE-is-one-of-the-key-targets-for-dendrobine-to-improve-hepatic-steatosis-in-nafld
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanzhe Xu, Miao Wang, Yi Luo, Hao Liu, Hua Ling, Yuqi He, Yanliu Lu
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Dendrobium nobile Lindl. (DNL) is a traditional Chinese ethnobotanical herb. Dendrobine (DNE) has been designated as a quality indicator for DNL in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. DNE exhibits various pharmacological activities, including the reduction of blood lipids, regulation of blood sugar levels, as well as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. AIM OF THE STUDY: The objective of this study is to explore the impact of DNE on lipid degeneration in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) liver cells and elucidate its specific mechanism...
January 1, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38171137/effect-of-dietary-glycyrrhiza-polysaccharides-on-growth-performance-hepatic-antioxidant-capacity-and-anti-inflammatory-capacity-of-broiler-chickens
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoyu Ji, Huining Hou, Xueying Wang, Yan Qiu, Yanbo Ma, Shuai Wang, Shuai Guo, Shucheng Huang, Cai Zhang
The primary aim of this study was to investigate the impact of varying levels of dietary Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides (GPS) on the health status of broiler chickens. A total of 288 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to four groups with six replicates, consisting of 12 chickens in each replicate. The control group (CON) was provided with the basal diet, while the experimental groups were administered 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg of GPS in the basal diet for 42 days. The results demonstrated a significant enhancement in average daily gain (ADG) as a result of GPS supplementation (P < 0...
December 22, 2023: Research in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38165856/protocatechuic-acid-alleviates-tmao-aggravated-atherosclerosis-via-mitigating-inflammation-regulating-lipid-metabolism-and-reshaping-gut-microbiota
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huafang Ding, Jianhui Liu, Zixing Chen, Shouhe Huang, Chi Yan, Erika Kwek, Zouyan He, Hanyue Zhu, Zhen-Yu Chen
Trimethylamine- N -oxide (TMAO) is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. As a natural phenolic acid, protocatechuic acid (PCA) is abundant in various plant foods. The present study investigated the effect of PCA on TMAO-aggravated atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. The mice were randomly divided into five groups and fed one of the following five diets for 12 weeks: namely a low-fat diet (LFD), a western diet (WD), a WD + 0.2% TMAO diet (WDT), a WDT + 0.5% PCA diet (WDT + LPCA), and a WDT + 1.0% PCA diet (WDT + HPCA)...
January 2, 2024: Food & Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38145969/induction-of-fatty-acid-oxidation-underlies-dna-damage-induced-cell-death-and-ameliorates-obesity-driven-chemoresistance
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sunsook Hwang, Seungyeon Yang, Kyungsoo Park, Byungjoo Kim, Minjoong Kim, Seungmin Shin, Ahyoung Yoo, Jiyun Ahn, Juneil Jang, Yeong Shin Yim, Rho H Seong, Seung Min Jeong
The DNA damage response is essential for preserving genome integrity and eliminating damaged cells. Although cellular metabolism plays a central role in cell fate decision between proliferation, survival, or death, the metabolic response to DNA damage remains largely obscure. Here, this work shows that DNA damage induces fatty acid oxidation (FAO), which is required for DNA damage-induced cell death. Mechanistically, FAO induction increases cellular acetyl-CoA levels and promotes N-alpha-acetylation of caspase-2, leading to cell death...
December 25, 2023: Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38139853/betanin-from-beetroot-beta-vulgaris-l-regulates-lipid-metabolism-and-promotes-fat-browning-in-3t3-l1-adipocytes
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ho Seon Lee, Seung Min Choi, Sung Ho Lim, Chang-Ik Choi
Fat browning, which converts white adipose tissue to brown, has attracted attention as a promising strategy for the treatment of obesity. Betanin (BT) has been reported to have potential anti-obesity activity. 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated for 7 days during BT treatment. The BT concentration range for the study was determined using an MTT assay, and lipid accumulation was evaluated by Oil-Red-O staining. The expression of protein level was analyzed by Western blot. Immunofluorescence images were performed with confocal microscopy to visually show the amount and location of thermogenesis factor uncoupling protein1 (UCP1) and mitochondria...
December 14, 2023: Pharmaceuticals
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