J. Dausset

The Journey of kidney transplantation began a century ago with animal experiments and xenotransplants. The initial attempts of human to human kidney transplant were made by Yuri Voronoy, Jean Hamburger and several others between 1930 and 40s, but most of these were unsuccessful. The first successful live related kidney transplant between identical twins was performed at the Brigham Hospital in Boston in December 1953, by Joseph Murray and John P. Merrill, which paved the way for future live transplants. With the gradual improvement in the understanding of immunity and tolerance, the use of immunosuppression was attempted using irradiation and steroids, which gradually evolved over the decades to include azathioprine and cyclosporine...

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It is twenty years and nine workshops on from the first international gathering of tissue typers in Durham, North Carolina. The size and range of the series of meetings centred on this year's workshop show the success achieved by the unique collaboration of workers in the HLA field. The main workshop meeting in Munich, organized by Ekkehard Albert and Wolfgang Mayr, was preceded by the third H-2 and HLA cloning meeting, organized by Jean Dausset in Strasbourg and by a biochemistry workshop in Munich organized by Julia and Walter Bodmer and Michael Crumpton...

BACKGROUND: Recent changes to regulatory guidance in the US and Europe have complicated oversight of secondary research by rendering most uses of de-identified data exempt from human subjects oversight. To identify the implications of such guidelines for harms to participants and communities, this paper explores the secondary uses of one de-identified DNA sample collection with limited oversight: the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP)-Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain, Fondation Jean Dausset (CEPH) Human Genome Diversity Panel...

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The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G non-classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule was originally described in first-trimester trophoblasts at the fetal-maternal interface in 1990. Eight years later, the First International Conference on this molecule was inaugurated by Prof Jean Dausset, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Medicine. The Fifth International Conference on HLA-G, held in Paris on July 2009, began with a tribute to Prof Jean Dausset who left us recently. This conference was co-chaired by Dr Edgardo D...

BACKGROUND: Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65) is a diabetes-associated antigen which is generally considered to be strictly intracellular. In order to better understand autoimmunity, this study demonstrates the appearance of GAD 65 in the peripheral human blood and presents implications for the diagnosis and therapy of some autoimmune diseases. METHODS: The GAD 65 molecules are detected by their interaction with monoclonal antibodies labeled with dyes in an experimental setup with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS)...

After the Second World War, clinical nephrology in Francophone countries had 4 leaders: in Paris, P. Vallery Radot with his assistants P. Milliez and J. Hamburger and their own groups; and also in Paris, M. Dérot with J. J. Bernier and M. Legrain; in Bruxelles, P. Govaerts with P. P. Lambert; and in Genève, R. Mach. To these one must add J. Traeger of Lyon and J. M. Suc of Toulouse who later joined the group. It all started in 1947-1948 around the Societé de Pathologie Rénale. In the current paper, the author describes the main 4 fields of development: water and electrolyte balance, acute anuria and dialysis, renal biopsy and classification of nephritides and finally transplantation under the direction of J...

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We present a mathematically precise formulation of total linkage disequilibrium between multiple loci as the deviation from probabilistic independence and provide explicit formulas for all higher-order terms of linkage disequilibrium, thereby combining J. Dausset et al.'s 1978 definition of linkage disequilibrium with H. Geiringer's 1944 approach. We recursively decompose higher-order linkage disequilibrium terms into lower-order ones. Our greatest simplification comes from defining linkage disequilibrium at a single locus as allele frequency at that locus...

In addition to being involved in nutrient uptake, the epithelial mucosa constitute the first line of defense against microbial pathogens. A direct consequence of this physiological function is a very complex network of immunological interactions that lead to a strong control of the mucosal immune balance. The dysfunction of immunological tolerance is likely to be a cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). HLA-G is a non-classical major histocompatibility complex (HLA) class I molecule, which is highly expressed by human cytotrophoblast cells...

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