stroke on asians

The aim of this study is to define atrial fibrillation (AF) prevalence and incidence rates across minority groups in the United States (US), to aid in diversity enrollment target setting for randomized controlled trials. In AF, US minority groups have lower clinically detected prevalence compared to the non-Hispanic or Latino White (NHW) population. We assess the impact of ascertainment bias on AF prevalence estimates. We analyzed data from adults in Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database from 2017-2020 in a cohort study...

INTRODUCTION: Post stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication of ischemic stroke. PSCI can involve different depending on clinical and stroke related characteristics. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with impairments in specific cognitive domains. METHODS: The Vitamins to Prevent Stroke (VITATOPS) trial is a large, multinational randomised controlled trial. In this substudy, consecutive patients admitted for ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) at a tertiary hospital in Singapore were included...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Acute onset de novo movement disorder is an increasingly recognized, yet undereported complication of diabetes. Hyperglycemia can give rise to a range of different movement disorders, hemichorea-hemiballism being the commonest. This article delves into the current knowledge about this condition, its diverse presentations, ongoing debates regarding its underlying mechanisms, disparities between clinical and radiological findings, and challenges related to its management...

The aggregated risk of recurrent stroke in stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients carrying CYP2C19 LoF alleles who take clopidogrel has not been investigated recently, and the available research is limited. This study aimed to perform an updated meta-analysis to assess the association between CYP2C19 LoF alleles and the risk of recurrent stroke in patients taking clopidogrel. Databases were searched for the literature on eligible studies. The end points were recurrent stroke, composite vascular events, and bleeding events...

BACKGROUND: In traditional Asian medicine, dried rhizomes of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Chuanxiong Rhizoma [CR]) have long been used to treat pain disorders that affect the head and face such as headaches. Furthermore, they have been used primarily for blood circulation improvement or as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicine. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of a methanol extract of CR (CRex) on ischemic stroke in mice caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)...

BACKGROUND: The triglyceride and glucose-waist circumference (TyG-WC) index demonstrated a strong association with insulin resistance, especially in Asian population. However, evidence on the association between TyG-WC index and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is limited. This study aimed to verify association between the TyG-WC index and the occurrence of CVD by considering all-cause mortality as a competing risk. METHODS: The study included 7482 participants divided into four groups based on the TyG-WC index quartiles...

Recent studies reported the long-term cardiovascular risk of preeclampsia. However, only a few studies have investigated the association between preeclampsia and long-term cardiovascular disease in Asian populations, although there could be racial/ethnic differences in the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of preeclampsia on cardiovascular disease in an Asian population. This study included 68,658 parous women in the Health Examinees Study (HEXA) cohort of South Korea and compared the risk of long-term cardiovascular disease, including ischemic heart disease and stroke, according to the history of preeclampsia...

Emperor Wu (, Wudi) of the Xianbei-led Northern Zhou dynasty, named Yuwen Yong (, 543-578 CE), was a highly influential emperor who reformed the system of regional troops, pacified the Turks, and unified the northern part of the country. His genetic profile and physical characteristics, including his appearance and potential diseases, have garnered significant interest from the academic community and the public. In this study, we have successfully generated a 0.343×-coverage genome of Wudi with 1,011,419 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the 1240k panel...

PURPOSE: To compare long-term toxicity incidences, including secondary cancer (SC) with or without total body irradiation (TBI), in Asian patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using a nationwide database. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified 4,554 patients receiving HSCT for leukemic disease from 2009 to 2016 using the healthcare bigdata system of Korea. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for SC, cataracts, hypothyroidism, chronic kidney disease (CKD), myocardial infarction, or strokes were compared, and standardized incidence ratios (SIR) of SC was also estimated...

Hypertension remains the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease worldwide. Over the past 30 years, the prevalence of hypertension has been increasing in East and Southeast Asia to a greater extent as compared with other Western countries. Asians with hypertension have unique characteristics. This can be attributed to increased impact of obesity on Asians with hypertension, excessive salt intake and increased salt sensitivity, loss of diurnal rhythm in blood pressure and primary aldosteronism...

IMPORTANCE: Among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), it remains unclear whether the treatment efficacy of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after a short course of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) depends on the type of P2Y12 inhibitor. OBJECTIVE: To assess the risks and benefits of ticagrelor monotherapy or clopidogrel monotherapy compared with standard DAPT after PCI. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Embase, TCTMD, and the European Society of Cardiology website were searched from inception to September 10, 2023, without language restriction...

INTRODUCTION: The diagnostic workup of stroke doesn't identify an underlying cause in two-fifths of ischemic strokes. Intracranial arteriosclerosis is acknowledged as a cause of stroke in Asian and Black populations, but is underappreciated as such in whites. We explored the burden of Intracranial Artery Calcification (IAC), a marker of intracranial arteriosclerosis, as a potential cause of stroke among white patients with recent ischemic stroke or TIA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between December 2005 and October 2010, 943 patients (mean age 63...

BACKGROUND: While moderate-intensity statin therapy is recommended for primary prevention, statins may not be utilized at a recommended intensity due to dose-dependent adverse events, especially in an Asian population. However, evidence supporting the use of low-intensity statins in primary prevention is limited. OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare clinical outcomes between a low-intensity statin plus ezetimibe and a moderate-intensity statin for primary prevention...

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a leading cause of death in the world, and the burden of stroke is higher in low- and middle-income countries. Understanding the risk factors, complications, and outcomes of stroke are useful for healthcare planning and resource allocation. Little information on stroke is available for many low- and middle-income Asian countries; including Myanmar, which is the focus of this study. METHODS: A review was conducted of medical records for stroke admissions during 2017 in a tertiary hospital in Myanmar...

The cardiovascular (CV) safety of febuxostat compared to allopurinol for the treatment of hyperuricemia among Asian patients is uncertain. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the CV safety profiles of febuxostat with allopurinol in Asian patients with hyperuricemia. A total of 13 studies were included. On the basis of the pooled results of cohort studies, febuxostat users were at a significantly higher risk for acute coronary syndrome (ACS; hazard ratio [HR]: 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1...

BACKGROUND: Time from stroke onset to hospital arrival determines treatment and impacts outcome. Structural, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are associated with health inequity and onset-to-arrival in adult stroke. We aimed to assess the association between health inequity and onset-to-arrival in a pediatric comprehensive stroke center. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted on a consecutive cohort of children (>28 days-18 years) diagnosed with acute arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) between 2004 and 2019...

Red yeast rice (RYR) is known for its lipid-lowering effects in patients with hypercholesterolemia; however, its comparative efficacy with statins and risk reduction remains uncertain. This retrospective study analyzed data from 337,104 patients with hyperlipidemia in the Chang Gung Research Database cohort, spanning from January 2016 to December 2021. Exclusion criteria were applied to ensure data completeness and compliance, including an age limit of [Formula: see text] years, absence of RYR or statin treatment, and a treatment duration of [Formula: see text] days...

BACKGROUND: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare disorder causing ischemic and hemorrhagic juvenile stroke. It is associated with the founder susceptibility variant p.R4810K in the RNF213 gene in East Asia. Our aim was to enhance understanding of MMD in so far poorly characterized Southeast Asians and exploring differences with Caucasian Europeans. METHODS: By retrospective analysis of medical records and systematic database search on PubMed for all published cases, we identified Southeast Asian patients with MMD...

Background: This study reports prescribing patterns and the 1-year effectiveness and safety of edoxaban in an Asian cohort of Edoxaban Treatment in routiNe clinical prActice (ETNA)-Atrial Fibrillation (AF) patients. Methods and Results: The Global ETNA-AF program integrates prospective, observational, noninterventional regional studies, collecting data on characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with AF receiving edoxaban for stroke prevention. Baseline characteristics, medical history, and 1-year clinical event rates were assessed in patients from South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Thailand...

BACKGROUND: Racial and ethnic minority groups are at a higher stroke risk and have poor poststroke outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of race reporting and proportions of race and ethnicity representation in stroke-related clinical trials. METHODS AND RESULTS: This is a descriptive study of stroke-related clinical trials completed between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2020, and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Trials conducted in the United States, related to stroke and enrolling participants ≥18 years, were considered eligible...