Use the keywords feature with a free QxMD account.
Use Read by QxMD to access full text via your institution or open access sources.
Read also provides personalized recommendations to keep you up to date in your field.
Existing User
Sign InNew to Read
Sign Up#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sze-Nung Leung, Shekhar S Chandra, Karen Lim, Tony Young, Lois Holloway, Jason A Dowling
Cervical cancer is a common cancer in women globally, with treatment usually involving radiation therapy (RT). Accurate segmentation for the tumour site and organ-at-risks (OARs) could assist in the reduction of treatment side effects and improve treatment planning efficiency. Cervical cancer Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) segmentation is challenging due to a limited amount of training data available and large inter- and intra- patient shape variation for OARs. The proposed Masked-Net consists of a masked encoder within the 3D U-Net to account for the large shape variation within the dataset, with additional dilated layers added to improve segmentation performance...
April 24, 2024: Physical and engineering sciences in medicine
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jan W Eriksson, Maria J Pereira, Christakis Kagios, Sofia Kvernby, Elin Lundström, Giovanni Fanni, Martin H Lundqvist, Björn C L Carlsson, Magnus Sundbom, Sambit Tarai, Mark Lubberink, Joel Kullberg, Ulf Risérus, Håkan Ahlström
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Obesity surgery (OS) and diet-induced weight loss rapidly improve insulin resistance. We aim to investigate the impact of either Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG) surgery compared with a diet low in energy (low-calorie diet; LCD) on body composition, glucose control and insulin sensitivity, assessed both at the global and tissue-specific level in individuals with obesity but not diabetes. METHODS: In this parallel group randomised controlled trial, patients on a waiting list for OS were randomised (no blinding, sealed envelopes) to either undergo surgery directly or undergo an LCD before surgery...
April 24, 2024: Diabetologia
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian Schill, Samantha Panich, Mary F Barbe, Maryellen E Gusic, Judith Litvin
First-year medical students are often challenged by the rapid pace and large volume of content that must be learned. Peer teaching has emerged as a supportive educational strategy. However, the most effective strategies for training peer tutors (PTs) for their role are not known. This paper examines the use of an Objective Structured Teaching Exercise (OSTE) to augment PT training sessions. Applying deliberate practice as a conceptual framework, an OSTE was used to provide tutors with an opportunity to practice their skills and receive feedback about their performance when meeting with a student presenting with a challenge...
June 1, 2024: Advances in Physiology Education
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anquan Hu, Heyan Qin, Shina Wu, Xiaolin Zhao, Yumeng Li, Feng Chen, Tao Liu
We aimed to develop a prognostic model for primary pontine hemorrhage (PPH) patients and validate the predictive value of the model for a good prognosis at 90 days. A total of 254 PPH patients were included for screening of the independent predictors of prognosis, and data were analyzed by univariate and multivariable logistic regression tests. The cases were then divided into training cohort (n=219) and validation cohort (n=35) based on the two centers. A nomogram was developed using independent predictors from the training cohort to predict the 90-day good outcome and was validated from the validation cohort...
2024: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leôncio L Soares, Luciano B Leite, Maíra O Freitas, Luiz Otávio G Ervilha, Mayra S Píccolo, Alexandre M O Portes, Filipe R Drummond, Leonardo Mateus T DE Rezende, Mariana M Neves, Emily C C Reis, Miguel A Carneiro-Júnior, Antônio José Natali
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by right ventricular failure and diminished cardiac output, potentially leading to renal and bone impairments. In contrast, resistance exercise training (RT) offers cardiovascular and bone health benefits. This study aimed to assess the impacts of stable PAH induced by monocrotaline (MCT) and RT on renal morphometry, as well as bone morphometry and biomechanical properties in male Wistar rats. Four experimental groups, untrained control (UC, n=7), trained control (TC, n=7), untrained hypertensive (UH, n=7), trained hypertensive (TH, n=7), were defined...
2024: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leeran Talker, Cihan Dogan, Daniel Neville, Rui Hen Lim, Henry Broomfield, Gabriel Lambert, Ahmed Selim, Thomas Brown, Laura Wiffen, Julian Carter, Helen F Ashdown, Gail Hayward, Elango Vijaykumar, Scott T Weiss, Anoop Chauhan, Ameera X Patel
INTRODUCTION: Spirometry is the gold standard for COPD diagnosis and severity determination, but is technique-dependent, nonspecific, and requires administration by a trained healthcare professional. There is a need for a fast, reliable, and precise alternative diagnostic test. This study's aim was to use interpretable machine learning to diagnose COPD and assess severity using 75-second carbon dioxide (CO2 ) breath records captured with TidalSense's N-TidalTM capnometer. METHOD: For COPD diagnosis, machine learning algorithms were trained and evaluated on 294 COPD (including GOLD stages 1-4) and 705 non-COPD participants...
December 2024: COPD
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohsen Sheykhlouvand, Mohammadali Gharaat
This study examined the uniformity of adaptations in cardiorespiratory fitness and bio-motor abilities by analyzing individual responses to measures representing the mentioned qualities. Twenty-four male well-trained soccer players (Age = 26 ± 4 years; stature = 181 ± 3.8; Weight = 84 ± 6.1) were randomized to two groups performing short sprint interval training [sSIT (3 sets of 10 × 4 s all-out sprints with 20 s of recovery between efforts and 3 min of rest intervals between sets)] or a time-matched small-sided game [SSG (3 sets of 3 v 3 efforts in a 20 × 15 m area with 3 min of relief in-between)]...
2024: Frontiers in Physiology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arumugam Sankar Ganesh, Kumaresan Abathsagayam, Natesh Prabu Ravisankar
Background The volume-oriented incentive spirometer is a specialized device designed to facilitate maximal inspiration, promote deep breathing exercises, and enhance lung function. The use of spirometry is challenging and not proven in patients with tracheostomy. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of volume-oriented incentive spirometry on lung volume and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in patients with tracheostomy. Methodology All adult patients with cuffed tracheostomy tubes with a Medical Research Council (MRC) score of more than 48 were studied...
March 2024: Curēus
#9
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Cheng Shin Tsai, Hsin-Tzu Li, Wan-Li Yang, Yi-Ting Jhan
STUDY DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial with computerised allocation, assessor blinding and intention-to-treat analysis. OBJECTIVE: This study wanted to prove that cervicocranial flexion exercise (CCFE) and superficial neck flexor endurance training combined with common pulmonary rehabilitation is feasible for improving spinal cord injury people's pulmonary function. SETTING: Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare: Department of Physiotherapy, Taiwan...
April 23, 2024: Spinal Cord Series and Cases
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chang Liu, Laura Klein, Yixing Huang, Edith Baader, Michael Lell, Marc Kachelrieß, Andreas Maier
To facilitate a prospective estimation of the effective dose of an CT scan prior to the actual scanning in order to use sophisticated patient risk minimizing methods, a prospective spatial dose estimation and the known anatomical structures are required. To this end, a CT reconstruction method is required to reconstruct CT volumes from as few projections as possible, i.e. by using the topograms, with anatomical structures as correct as possible. In this work, an optimized CT reconstruction model based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) is proposed...
April 23, 2024: Scientific Reports
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yassmine Gueddena, Noura Aboudi, Hsouna Zgolli, Sonia Mabrouk, Désiré Sidibe, Hedi Tabia, Nawres Khlifa
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is widely recognized as the leading modality for assessing ocular retinal diseases, playing a crucial role in diagnosing retinopathy while maintaining a non-invasive modality. The increasing volume of OCT images underscores the growing importance of automating image analysis. Age-related diabetic Macular Degeneration (AMD) and Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) are the most common cause of visual impairment. Early detection and timely intervention for diabetes-related conditions are essential for preventing optical complications and reducing the risk of blindness...
April 23, 2024: International Ophthalmology
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chae Jung Park, Sooyon Kim, Kyunghwa Han, Sung Soo Ahn, Dain Kim, Yae Won Park, Jong Hee Chang, Se Hoon Kim, Seung-Koo Lee
PURPOSE: Lower-grade gliomas of histologic grades 2 and 3 follow heterogenous clinical outcomes, which necessitates risk stratification. This study aimed to evaluate whether diffusion-weighted and perfusion-weighted MRI radiomics allow overall survival (OS) prediction in patients with lower-grade gliomas and investigate its prognostic value. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, radiomic features were extracted from apparent diffusion coefficient, relative cerebral blood volume map, and Ktrans map in patients with pathologically confirmed lower-grade gliomas (January 2012-February 2019)...
May 2024: Yonsei Medical Journal
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenting Ren, Bin Liang, Chao Sun, Runye Wu, Kuo Men, Huan Chen, Xin Feng, Lu Hou, Fei Han, Junlin Yi, Jianrong Dai
PURPOSE: To establish a deep learning-based model to predict radiotherapy-induced temporal lobe injury (TLI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Spatial features of dose distribution within the temporal lobe were extracted using both the three-dimensional convolution (C3D) network and the dosiomics method. The Minimal Redundancy-Maximal-Relevance (mRMR) method was employed to rank the extracted features and select the most relevant ones. Four machine learning (ML) classifiers, including logistic regression (LR), k-nearest neighbors (kNN), support vector machines (SVM) and random forest (RF), were used to establish prediction models...
April 22, 2024: Physica Medica: PM
#14
Paul Alan Swinton, Brad J Schoenfeld, Andrew Murphy
BACKGROUND: Resistance exercise is the most common training modality included within strength and conditioning (S&C) practice. Understanding dose-response relationships between resistance training and a range of outcomes relevant to physical and sporting performance is of primary importance for quality S&C prescription. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this meta-analysis was to use contemporary modelling techniques to investigate resistance-only and resistance-dominant training interventions, and explore relationships between training variables (frequency, volume, intensity), participant characteristics (training status, sex), and improvements across a range of outcome domains including maximum strength, power, vertical jump, change of direction, and sprinting performance...
April 23, 2024: Sports Medicine
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chunjuan Zhai, Fen Wang, Ruie Xu, Xia Sun, Wenbin Ma, Li Wang
PURPOSE: Umeclidinium plus vilanterol (UMEC/VI) is an inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonist/long-acting beta2-agonist (LAMA/LABA), recently approved as once-daily maintenance therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy and safety of UMEC/VI compared with fluticasone propionate plus salmeterol (FP/SAL). METHODS: A systematic search was conducted by a trained medical research librarian across MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) for randomized controlled trials comparing UMEC/VI with FP/SAL in COPD patients...
April 23, 2024: Postgraduate Medical Journal
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katerina Deike, Andreas Decker, Paul Scheyhing, Julia Harten, Nadine Zimmermann, Daniel Paech, Oliver Peters, Silka D Freiesleben, Luisa-Sophie Schneider, Lukas Preis, Josef Priller, Eike Spruth, Slawek Altenstein, Andrea Lohse, Klaus Fliessbach, Okka Kimmich, Jens Wiltfang, Claudia Bartels, Niels Hansen, Frank Jessen, Ayda Rostamzadeh, Emrah Düzel, Wenzel Glanz, Enise I Incesoy, Michaela Butryn, Katharina Buerger, Daniel Janowitz, Michael Ewers, Robert Perneczky, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Stefan Teipel, Ingo Kilimann, Doreen Goerss, Christoph Laske, Matthias H Munk, Annika Spottke, Nina Roy, Michael Wagner, Sandra Roeske, Michael T Heneka, Frederic Brosseron, Alfredo Ramirez, Laura Dobisch, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Luca Kleineidam, Renat Yakupov, Melina Stark, Matthias C Schmid, Moritz Berger, Stefan Hetzer, Peter Dechent, Klaus Scheffler, Gabor C Petzold, Anja Schneider, Alexander Effland, Alexander Radbruch
OBJECTIVES: Impaired perivascular clearance has been suggested as a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, it remains unresolved when the anatomy of the perivascular space (PVS) is altered during AD progression. Therefore, this study investigates the association between PVS volume and AD progression in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals, both with and without subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and in those clinically diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild AD...
April 23, 2024: Investigative Radiology
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R Valabregue, F Girka, A Pron, F Rousseau, G Auzias
Brain segmentation from neonatal MRI images is a very challenging task due to large changes in the shape of cerebral structures and variations in signal intensities reflecting the gestational process. In this context, there is a clear need for segmentation techniques that are robust to variations in image contrast and to the spatial configuration of anatomical structures. In this work, we evaluate the potential of synthetic learning, a contrast-independent model trained using synthetic images generated from the ground truth labels of very few subjects...
April 15, 2024: Human Brain Mapping
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ashley A Herda, Christopher J Cleary, Dana Young, KathleenMae B Rogers, Santiago E Umana Segura, Christopher Bernard, Lisa M Vopat, Bryan G Vopat
Blood flow restriction (BFR) is a commonly used training modality that has been demonstrated to enhance muscle characteristics such as size and function. The purpose of this study was to determine if a 4-week walking program with or without BFR in healthy, active adults has an effect on body composition, anaerobic, and aerobic running performance. Thirty-three participants, randomized among three groups, completed the walking program, which included five sets of 2 min walking intervals with 1 min rest, with or without BFR, or 10 min walking with BFR...
April 13, 2024: Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marine Kirsch, Damien Vitiello, Lukas-Daniel Trachsel, Maxime Boidin, Julie Lalongé, Martin Juneau, Louis Bherer, Anil Nigam, Mathieu Gayda
BACKGROUND: In patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), individualized exercise training (ET) programs are strongly recommended to optimize peak oxygen uptake ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow><mml:mover><mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:mo>̇</mml:mo></mml:mover> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ \dot{\mathrm{V}} $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> O2peak ) improvement and prognosis...
April 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jan S Jeppesen, Kate A Wickham, Martin Zeuthen, Martin Thomassen, Søren Jessen, Ylva Hellsten, Morten Hostrup, Jens Bangsbo
PURPOSE: We investigated the effects of low and high volume speed endurance training (SET), with a reduced training volume, on sprint ability, short- and long-term exercise capacity, muscle mitochondrial properties, ion transport proteins and maximal enzyme activity in highly trained athletes. METHODS: Highly-trained male cyclists (V̇O2max: 68.3 ± 5.0 mL × min-1 × kg-1, n = 24) completed six weeks of either low (SET-L; 6x30-s intervals, n = 8) or high (SET-H; 12 × 30-s intervals, n = 8) volume SET twice per week with a 30%-reduction in training volume...
April 23, 2024: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
Make the most of Read.
Download the mobile app.
Download the mobile app.
Fetching more papers... 
