keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38126038/a-review-of-recent-treatments-for-adults-living-with-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder
#21
REVIEW
Candice Wakelin, Michele Willemse, Erica Munnik
BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuro-developmental disorder prevalent among children and adults. Adults living with ADHD can experience significant distress affecting their daily functioning on emotional, physical, interpersonal, familial and financial levels. Intervention programmes may be a way to mitigate these challenges. AIM: This review identified good evidence-based intervention studies for adults with ADHD and described the usefulness of these interventions...
2023: South African Journal of Psychiatry: SAJP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38111800/neurotechnological-solutions-for-post-traumatic-stress-disorder-a-perspective-review-and-concept-proposal
#22
REVIEW
Richard Laugharne, Mohsen Farid, Christopher James, Anirban Dutta, Christopher Mould, Noelle Molten, Jonathan Laugharne, Rohit Shankar
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety condition caused by exposure to severe trauma. It is characterised by nightmares, flashbacks, hyper-vigilance and avoidance behaviour. These all lead to impaired functioning reducing quality of life. PTSD affects 2-5% of the population globally. Most sufferers cannot access effective treatment, leading to impaired psychological functioning reducing quality of life. Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) is a non-invasive brain stimulation treatment that has shown significant clinical effectiveness in PTSD...
December 2023: Healthcare Technology Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38103417/non-invasive-brain-stimulation-for-patients-and-healthy-subjects-current-challenges-and-future-perspectives
#23
REVIEW
Francesco Mattioli, Valerio Maglianella, Sara D'Antonio, Emiliano Trimarco, Daniele Caligiore
Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have a rich historical background, yet their utilization has witnessed significant growth only recently. These techniques encompass transcranial electrical stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation, which were initially employed in neuroscience to explore the intricate relationship between the brain and behaviour. However, they are increasingly finding application in research contexts as a means to address various neurological, psychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders...
December 10, 2023: Journal of the Neurological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38097163/behavioural-traits-related-with-resilience-or-vulnerability-to-the-development-of-cocaine-induced-conditioned-place-preference-after-exposure-of-female-mice-to-vicarious-social-defeat
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Ángeles Martínez-Caballero, Claudia Calpe-López, Maria Pilar García-Pardo, Maria Carmen Arenas, Jose Enrique de la Rubia Ortí, Raquel Bayona-Babiloni, Maria Asunción Aguilar
Exposure to stress induced by intermittent repeated social defeat (IRSD) increases vulnerability to the development of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) among male mice; however, some defeated mice are resilient to these effects of stress. In the present study we evaluated the effects of vicarious IRSD (VIRSD) in female mice and explored behavioural traits that are potentially predictive of resilience. C57BL/6 female mice (n = 28) were exposed to VIRSD, which consisted of the animals witnessing a short experience of social defeat by a male mouse on postnatal day (PND) 47, 50, 53 and 56...
December 12, 2023: Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38079480/postoperative-cerebellar-mutism-syndrome-is-an-acquired-autism-like-network-disturbance
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hrishikesh Suresh, Benjamin R Morgan, Karim Mithani, Nebras M Warsi, Han Yan, Jürgen Germann, Alexandre Boutet, Aaron Loh, Flavia Venetucci Gouveia, Julia Young, Jennifer Quon, Felipe Morgado, Jason Lerch, Andres M Lozano, Bassam Al-Fatly, Andrea Kühn, Suzanne Laughlin, Michael C Dewan, Donald Mabbot, Carolina Gorodetsky, Ute Bartels, Annie Huang, Uri Tabori, James T Rutka, James M Drake, Abhaya V Kulkarni, Peter Dirks, Michael D Taylor, Vijay Ramaswamy, George M Ibrahim
BACKGROUND: Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) is a common and debilitating complication of posterior fossa tumour surgery in children. Affected children exhibit communication and social impairments that overlap phenomenologically with subsets of deficits exhibited by children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although both CMS and ASD are thought to involve disrupted cerebro-cerebellar circuitry, they are considered independent conditions due to an incomplete understanding of their shared neural substrates...
December 11, 2023: Neuro-oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38078920/gene-therapy-an-alternative-to-treat-alzheimer-s-disease
#26
REVIEW
Vanshika Doshi, Garima Joshi, Sanjay Sharma, Deepak Choudhary
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neuro-degenerative disease that primarily affects the elderly, is a worldwide phenomenon. Loss of memory, cognitive decline, behavioural changes, and many other signs are used to classify it. Various hypotheses that may contribute to Alzheimer's disease have been found during decades of survey, including tau theory, the amyloid theory, the cholinergic hypothesis, and the oxidative stress hypothesis. According to some theories, the two leading causes of AD are the accumulation of amyloid beta plaque and development of NFTs in the brain...
December 11, 2023: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38058203/transdiagnostic-inflexible-learning-dynamics-explain-deficits-in-depression-and-schizophrenia
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hans Kirschner, Matthew R Nassar, Adrian G Fischer, Thomas Frodl, Gabriela Meyer-Lotz, Sören Froböse, Stephanie Seidenbecher, Tilmann A Klein, Markus Ullsperger
Deficits in reward learning are core symptoms across many mental disorders. Recent work suggests that such learning impairments arise by a diminished ability to use reward history to guide behaviour, but the neuro-computational mechanisms through which these impairments emerge remain unclear. Moreover, limited work has taken a transdiagnostic approach to investigate whether the psychological and neural mechanisms that give rise to learning deficits are shared across forms of psychopathology. To provide insight into this issue, we explored probabilistic reward learning in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (n = 33) or schizophrenia (n = 24) and 33 matched healthy controls by combining computational modelling and single-trial EEG regression...
December 7, 2023: Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38047139/screening-and-routine-diagnosis-of-mental-disorders-among-migrants-in-primary-care-a-cross-sectional-study
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stella Evangelidou, Angeline Cruz, Yolanda Osorio, Ethel Sequeira-Aymar, Alessandra Queiroga Gonçalves, Laura Camps-Vila, Marta M Monclús-González, Alba Cuxart-Graell, Elisa M Revuelta-Muñoz, Núria Busquet-Solé, Susana Sarriegui-Domínguez, Aina Casellas, M Rosa Dalmau Llorca, Carina Aguilar Martín, Ana Requena-Mendez
BACKGROUND: Migrants in host countries are at risk for the development of mental health conditions. The two aims of the study were to describe routine diagnoses of mental disorders among migrant patients at primary healthcare level and the associated risk factors, and to test the utility of an innovative migrant mental health assessment by evaluating whether the health professionals followed the recommendations proposed by the clinical decision support system (CDSS) tool. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in eight primary care centres (PCCs) in four non-randomly selected health regions of Catalonia, Spain from March to December 2018...
2023: Journal of migration and health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38017641/extracellular-vesicles-mediators-of-opioid-use-disorder
#29
REVIEW
Daniel C Morris, Alex Zacharek, Zheng G Zhang, Michael Chopp
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a growing health emergency in the United States leading to an epidemic of overdose deaths. OUD is recognized as an addictive brain disorder resulting in psychological, cognitive and behavioural dysfunction. These observed clinical dysfunctions are a result of cellular changes that occur in the brain. Derangements in inflammation, neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity are observed in the brains of OUD patients. The mechanisms of these derangements are unclear; however, extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane bound particles containing protein, nucleotides and lipids are currently being investigated as agents that invoke these cellular changes...
December 2023: Addiction Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37953241/cardiovascular-events-and-venous-thromboembolism-after-primary-malignant-or-non-malignant-brain-tumour-diagnosis-a-population-matched-cohort-study-in-wales-united-kingdom
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael T C Poon, Paul M Brennan, Kai Jin, Cathie L M Sudlow, Jonine D Figueroa
BACKGROUND: Elevated standardised mortality ratio of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in patients with brain tumours may result from differences in the CVD incidences and cardiovascular risk factors. We compared the risk of CVD among patients with a primary malignant or non-malignant brain tumour to a matched general population cohort, accounting for other co-morbidities. METHODS: Using data from the Secured Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank in Wales (United Kingdom), we identified all adults aged ≥ 18 years in the primary care database with first diagnosis of malignant or non-malignant brain tumour identified in the cancer registry in 2000-2014 and a matched cohort (case-to-control ratio 1:5) by age, sex and primary care provider from the general population without any cancer diagnosis...
November 13, 2023: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37951421/teratogenic-and-neuro-behavioural-toxic-effects-of-bisphenol-a-bpa-and-b-bpb-on-xenopus-laevis-development
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
F Metruccio, M Battistoni, F Di Renzo, R Bacchetta, N Santo, E Menegola
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plastic additive with endocrine disruptive activity, classified in 2017 by EU ECHA as substance of very high concern. A correlation between environmental exposure to BPA and congenital defects has been described in humans and in experimental species, including the amphibian Xenopus laevis. Among BPA analogues, bisphenol B (BPB) is used as alternative in different not-EU countries, including US, but seems to share with BPA its endocrine disruptor properties. Aim of the present work is the evaluation of the effects of BPB versus BPA exposure in a X...
November 9, 2023: Reproductive Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37946167/the-bern-birth-cohort-bebico-to-study-the-development-of-the-infant-intestinal-microbiota-in-a-high-resource-setting-in-switzerland-rationale-design-and-methods
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luca Cecchini, Colette Barmaz, Maria José Coloma Cea, Hannah Baeschlin, Julian Etter, Stefanie Netzer, Leonie Bregy, Dmitrij Marchukov, Nerea Fernandez Trigo, Rachel Meier, Jasmin Hirschi, Jacqueline Wyss, Andrina Wick, Joelle Zingg, Sandro Christensen, Anda-Petronela Radan, Annina Etter, Martin Müller, Michael Kaess, Daniel Surbek, Bahtiyar Yilmaz, Andrew J Macpherson, Christiane Sokollik, Benjamin Misselwitz, Stephanie C Ganal-Vonarburg
BACKGROUND: Microbiota composition is fundamental to human health with the intestinal microbiota undergoing critical changes within the first two years of life. The developing intestinal microbiota is shaped by maternal seeding, breast milk and its complex constituents, other nutrients, and the environment. Understanding microbiota-dependent pathologies requires a profound understanding of the early development of the healthy infant microbiota. METHODS: Two hundred and fifty healthy pregnant women (≥20 weeks of gestation) from the greater Bern area will be enrolled at Bern University hospital's maternity department...
November 10, 2023: BMC Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37933104/cobalt-induced-neuro-behavioural-alterations-are-accompanied-by-profound-purkinje-cell-and-gut-associated-responses-in-rats
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akinleye Akinrinde, Kabirat Adigun, Oluwaseun Mustapha
Metal ions including cobalt (Co) ions reportedly exhibit neurotoxic and antimicrobial properties. We hypothesized that oral exposure to Co may have implications for gut-dysbiosis with possible alterations of microbiota-gut-brain signaling in the host. In this preliminary study, we sought to examine whether exposure of male Wistar rats to cobalt chloride (CoCl2) at 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg for two weeks affects select neurobehavioural indices, vagus nerve and brain morphology along with evaluation of associated changes in faecal bacterial flora, faecal fatty acids and the morphology of the intestines...
June 2023: Environmental analysis, health and toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37931773/verbal-memory-impairments-in-mood-disorders-and-psychotic-disorders-a-systematic-review-of-comparative-studies
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bryce J M Bogie, Chelsea Noël, Ahmad Alftieh, Julia MacDonald, Ya Ting Lei, Jamie Mongeon, Claire Mayaud, Patrick Dans, Synthia Guimond
BACKGROUND: Mood and psychotic disorders are both associated with verbal memory impairments. Verbal memory represents an important treatment target for both disorders. However, whether the neurocognitive and neurophysiological profiles of verbal memory impairments differ between specific disorders within these two diagnostic categories and healthy controls remains unclear. The current systematic review synthesized findings from comparative studies which used behavioural and neuroimaging tasks to investigate verbal memory impairments between: (1) mood disorder, psychotic disorder, and healthy control groups; and (2) mood disorder without psychotic features, mood disorder with psychotic features, and healthy control groups...
February 8, 2024: Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37923221/-comparative-evaluation-of-different-chemical-agents-induced-autism-spectrum-disorder-in-experimental-wistar-rats
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amit Raj Sharma, Gitika Batra, Neha Dhir, Ashish Jain, Tanish Modi, Lokesh Saini, Neetika Thakur, Abhishek Mishra, Rahul Solomon Singh, Ashutosh Singh, Rubal Singla, Ajay Prakash, Manoj Goyal, Alka Bhatia, Bikash Medhi, Manish Modi
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with uncertain etiology and pathophysiology. Several studies revealed that the commonly used animal models like Valproic Acid (VPA) and Propionic Acid (PPA) do not precisely represent the disease as the human patient does. The current study was conducted on different chemically (VPA, PPA, Poly I:C, Dioxin (2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)) & Chlorpyrifos (CPF)) induced ASD-like animal models and validated the best suitable experimental animal model, which would closely resemble with clinical features of the ASD...
November 1, 2023: Behavioural Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37918558/lack-of-interactions-between-prenatal-immune-activation-and-%C3%AE-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-exposure-during-adolescence-in-behaviours-relevant-to-symptom-dimensions-of-schizophrenia-in-rats
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mario Moreno-Fernández, Marcos Ucha, Raquel Reis-de-Paiva, Alberto Marcos, Emilio Ambrosio, Alejandro Higuera-Matas
The causality in the association between cannabis use and the risk of developing schizophrenia has been the subject of intense debate in the last few years. The development of animal models recapitulating several aspects of the disease is crucial for shedding light on this issue. Maternal infections are a known risk for schizophrenia. Here, we used the maternal immune activation (MIA) model combined with THC exposure during adolescence to examine several behaviours in rats (working memory in the Y maze, sociability in the three-chamber test, sucrose preference as a measure, prepulse inhibition and formation of incidental associations) that are similar to the different symptom clusters of the disease...
October 31, 2023: Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37893802/exploring-the-feasibility-of-a-self-managed-lifestyle-intervention-based-on-exercise-and-behaviour-support-as-an-adjunct-therapy-to-compression-a-sub-study-focusing-on-people-with-venous-leg-ulcers-and-early-neuro-degenerative-diseases-fiscu-ndd
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Markos Klonizakis, Anil Gumber, Alexandra Morley, Michelle Horspool, Emma McIntosh, Maria Levesley, Jane McKeown, Pip Logan
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to adapt the "FISCU Home" intervention (a co-produced, self-managed and expert-supported lifestyle intervention comprising exercise and behaviour support aimed at people with Venous Leg Ulcers (VLUs), in a way that is suitable for the needs of people with combined VLUs and early-stage, Neuro-degenerative diseases (NDDs), and to explore its feasibility (e.g., estimate rates of recruitment and completion of sessions, calculate study adherence rates, assess participant satisfaction via participant interviews, and assess ease of data collection) within this clinical sub-group...
October 13, 2023: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37866155/exploring-the-experiences-of-parents-of-autistic-children-when-attending-the-diagnostic-imaging-department-for-an-x-ray-examination
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J M Harvey-Lloyd, A Clements, N Sims, A E Harvey-Lloyd
INTRODUCTION: Autism is a neuro-developmental condition which affects the social-emotional skills, behaviour, language, communication skills and flexibility of thoughts of an individual and their sensory processing. This can result in Autistic service users finding it difficult to navigate current healthcare provision and cope with the unpredictable environment. This paper explores the experiences of parents of Autistic children when attending the diagnostic imaging department for an X-ray examination...
October 20, 2023: Radiography
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37865701/child-educational-progress-in-born-in-bradford-pregnancies-affected-by-gestational-diabetes-and-also-exposed-to-maternal-common-mental-disorders
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claire A Wilson, Gillian Santorelli, Louise M Howard, Khalida Ismail, Rebecca M Reynolds, Emily Simonoff
Gestational diabetes and the maternal mental disorders of anxiety and depression have been implicated in adverse offspring neuro-behavioural outcomes but these exposures have only been studied in isolation. 1051 children whose mothers were diagnosed with gestational diabetes in UK's Born in Bradford cohort had linkage to maternal primary care records, providing diagnostic and treatment codes for depression and anxiety. Education record linkage provided results of the Early Years Foundation Stage Profile from the first year of school, aged five...
October 21, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37865141/nano-polystyrene-induced-changes-in-anxiety-and-learning-behaviour-are-mediated-through-oxidative-stress-and-gene-disturbance-in-mouse-brain-regions
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anju Sharma, Manjyot Kaur, Kirti Sharma, Suresh Kumar Bunkar, Placheril John, Pradeep Bhatnagar
It is widely reported now that nanoplastic particles have potential neurotoxic effects and may disturb central nervous system (CNS) function. However, the mechanism behind these toxic effects still needs to be elucidated. In the current study, we investigated the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on changes in learning, memory, and anxiety-related behavior in mice based on some selected biochemical, molecular, and histopathological changes in three important brain regions (Cortex, Hypothalamus, and Hippocampus)...
December 2023: Neurotoxicology
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