keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530712/feasibility-study-for-a-high-frequency-flexible-ultrasonic-cuff-for-high-precision-vagus-nerve-ultrasound-neuromodulation
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cornelis Van Damme, Gandhika K Wardhana, Andrada Iulia Velea, Vasiliki Giagka, Tiago L Costa
In the emerging research field of bioelectronic medicine, it has been indicated that neuromodulation of the Vagus Nerve (VN) has the potential to treat various conditions such as epilepsy, depression, and autoimmune diseases. In order to reduce side effects, as well as to increase the effectiveness of the delivered therapy, sub-fascicle stimulation specificity is required. In the electrical domain, increasing spatial selectivity can only be achieved using invasive and potentially damaging approaches like compressive forces or nerve penetration...
March 26, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530501/3d-ultrasound-based-determination-of-skeletal-muscle-fascicle-orientations
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Annika S Sahrmann, Lukas Vosse, Tobias Siebert, Geoffrey G Handsfield, Oliver Röhrle
Architectural parameters of skeletal muscle such as pennation angle provide valuable information on muscle function, since they can be related to the muscle force generating capacity, fiber packing, and contraction velocity. In this paper, we introduce a 3D ultrasound-based workflow for determining 3D fascicle orientations of skeletal muscles. We used a custom-designed automated motor driven 3D ultrasound scanning system for obtaining 3D ultrasound images. From these, we applied a custom-developed multiscale-vessel enhancement filter-based fascicle detection algorithm and determined muscle volume and pennation angle...
March 26, 2024: Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525823/primary-ntrk-rearranged-spindle-cell-neoplasm-of-the-gastrointestinal-tract-a-clinicopathological-and-molecular-analysis-of-8-cases
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaojiao Gao, Song Xu, Peipei Zhu, I Weng Lao, Lin Yu, Jian Wang
NTRK-rearranged spindle cell neoplasm occurs predominantly in the superficial or deep soft tissues of extremities or trunk. Occurrence in the visceral organs is extremely rare. Herein, we describe 8 cases of NTRK-rearranged spindle cell neoplasm that arose primarily in the gastrointestinal tract. Patients included 5 males and 3 females with age at presentation ranging from 6 to 63 years (median: 29.5 years). Tumors occurred in the colon (n=3), small intestine (n=2), rectum (n=2), and stomach (n=1). Tumor size ranged from 3...
March 25, 2024: American Journal of Surgical Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521679/cortico-cortical-evoked-potentials-of-language-tracts-in-minimally-invasive-glioma-surgery-guided-by-penfield-stimulation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathleen Seidel, Jonathan Wermelinger, Pablo Alvarez-Abut, Vedran Deletis, Andreas Raabe, David Zhang, Philippe Schucht
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the feasibility of recording cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) in patients with low- and high-grade glioma. We compared CCEPs during awake and asleep surgery, as well as those stimulated from the functional Broca area and recorded from the functional Wernicke area (BtW), and vice versa (WtB). We also analyzed CCEP properties according to tumor location, histopathology, and aphasia. METHODS: We included 20 patients who underwent minimally invasive surgery in an asleep-awake-asleep setting...
March 5, 2024: Clinical Neurophysiology: Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516212/a-6-week-randomized-controlled-field-study-effect-of-isokinetic-eccentric-resistance-training-on-strength-flexibility-and-muscle-structure-of-the-shoulder-external-rotators-in-male-junior-handball-players
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastian Vetter, Maren Witt, Pierre Hepp, Axel Schleichardt, Stefan Schleifenbaum, Christian Roth, Timm Denecke, Jeanette Henkelmann, Hans-Peter Köhler
Background: Team handball involves a tremendous amount of shoulder motion with high forces during repeated extended external range of motion. This causes shoulder complaints and overuse injuries. While eccentric training for the lower extremity shows preventive effects by improving strength, range of motion and fascicle length, there is a research gap for the shoulder joint and for advanced tissue characterization using diffusion tensor imaging. Objectives: To investigate the effects of 6-week eccentric isokinetic resistance training on strength, flexibility, and fiber architecture characteristics of the external rotators compared to an active control group in junior male handball players...
2024: Frontiers in Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515619/chronic-lateral-ankle-instability-using-anterior-tibiofibular-ligament-distal-fascicle-transfer-augmentation-repair-an-anatomical-biomechanical-and-histological-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruihan Wang, Yingqiu Yang, Guixuan You, Lei Huang, Xin Zhou, Songtao Jiang, Houyin Shi, Guoyou Wang, Lei Zhang
Background: The transfer of the anterior tibiofibular ligament distal fascicle (ATiFL-DF) for the augmentation repair of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) shows potential as a surgical technique. However, evidences on the benefits and disadvantages of this method in relation to ankle joint function are lacking. Purpose: This study aimed to provide comprehensive experimental data to validate the feasibility of ATiFL-DF transfer augmentation repair of the ATFL. Methods: This study included 50 embalmed ankle specimens to measure various morphological features, such as length, width, thickness, and angle, for evaluating similarities between the ATiFL-DF and ATFL...
2024: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513182/determining-changes-in-muscle-size-and-architecture-after-exercise-training-one-site-does-not-fit-all
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
João Pedro Nunes, Anthony J Blazevich, Brad J Schoenfeld, Witalo Kassiano, Bruna D V Costa, Alex S Ribeiro, Masatoshi Nakamura, Kazunori Nosaka, Edilson S Cyrino
Nunes, JP, Blazevich, AJ, Schoenfeld, BJ, Kassiano, W, Costa, BDV, Ribeiro, AS, Nakamura, M, Nosaka, K, and Cyrino, ES. Determining changes in muscle size and architecture after exercise training: One site does not fit all. J Strength Cond Res 38(4): 787-790, 2024-Different methods can be used to assess muscle hypertrophy, but the effects of training on regional changes in muscle size can be detected only using direct muscle measurements such as muscle thickness, cross-sectional area, or volume. Importantly, muscle size increases vary across regions within and between muscles after resistance training programs (i...
April 1, 2024: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500984/efficacy-of-accommodating-variable-resistance-training-on-muscle-architecture-peak-torque-and-functional-performance-in-patients-with-juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ragab K Elnaggar, Alshimaa R Azab, Saud M Alrawaili, Ahmed S Alhowimel, Mazyad A Alotaibi, Mohamed S Abdrabo, Rania R Mohamed, Walaa A Abd El-Nabie
PURPOSE: This study sought to find out if a 6-week accommodating variable-resistance (AcVR) training might enhance muscle architecture, peak torque, and functional performance in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (Juv-IA). METHODS: Fifty-eight patients with polyarticular Juv-IA (aged 12-18 years) were involved in a randomized controlled trial. They were allocated into two groups: the AcVR group ( n  = 29; underwent AcVR training, and the control group ( n  = 29; received the usual exercise regimen)...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493577/mild-untreated-hypercholesterolaemia-affects-mechanical-properties-of-the-achilles-tendon-but-not-gastrocnemius-muscle
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brooke K Coombes, Monica Hanna, Kaelah A Thompson, Michel W Coppieters, Taylor J M Dick, Ricardo J Andrade, Lee Barber
Tendon xanthoma and altered mechanical properties have been demonstrated in people with familial hypercholesterolaemia. However, it is unclear whether mild, untreated hypercholesterolaemia alters musculotendinous mechanical properties and muscle architecture. We conducted a case-control study of adults aged 50 years and over, without lower limb injury or history of statin medication. Based on fasting low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, 6 participants had borderline high LDL (>3.33 mmol/L) and 6 had optimal LDL cholesterol (<2...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Biomechanics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491006/complexes-of-tubulin-oligomers-and-tau-form-a-viscoelastic-intervening-network-cross-bridging-microtubules-into-bundles
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phillip A Kohl, Chaeyeon Song, Bretton J Fletcher, Rebecca L Best, Christine Tchounwou, Ximena Garcia Arceo, Peter J Chung, Herbert P Miller, Leslie Wilson, Myung Chul Choi, Youli Li, Stuart C Feinstein, Cyrus R Safinya
The axon-initial-segment (AIS) of mature neurons contains microtubule (MT) fascicles (linear bundles) implicated as retrograde diffusion barriers in the retention of MT-associated protein (MAP) tau inside axons. Tau dysfunction and leakage outside of the axon is associated with neurodegeneration. We report on the structure of steady-state MT bundles in varying concentrations of Mg2+ or Ca2+ divalent cations in mixtures containing αβ-tubulin, full-length tau, and GTP at 37 °C in a physiological buffer...
March 15, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487853/multichannel-conduits-with-fascicular-complementation-significance-in-long-segmental-peripheral-nerve-injury
#11
REVIEW
Preethy Amruthavarshini Ramesh, Swaminathan Sethuraman, Anuradha Subramanian
Despite the advances in tissue engineering approaches, reconstruction of long segmental peripheral nerve defects remains unsatisfactory. Although autologous grafts with proper fascicular complementation have shown meaningful functional recovery according to the Medical Research Council Classification (MRCC), the lack of donor nerve for such larger defect sizes (>30 mm) has been a serious clinical issue. Further clinical use of hollow nerve conduits is limited to bridging smaller segmental defects of denuded nerve ends (<30 mm)...
March 15, 2024: ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482578/eccentric-exercise-%C3%A2-eccentric-contraction
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paolo Tecchio, Brent J Raiteri, Daniel Hahn
Whether eccentric exercise involves active fascicle stretch is unclear due to muscle-tendon unit (MTU) series elasticity. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of changing the activation timing and level (i.e., pre-activation) of the contraction on muscle fascicle kinematics and kinetics of the human tibialis anterior during dynamometer-controlled maximal voluntary MTU-stretch-hold contractions. B-mode ultrasound and surface electromyography were employed to assess muscle fascicle kinematics and muscle activity levels, respectively...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Applied Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482557/assessment-and-modelling-of-the-activation-dependent-shift-in-optimal-length-of-the-human-soleus-muscle-in-vivo
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastian Bohm, Arno Schroll, Falk Mersmann, Adamantios Arampatzis
Previous in vitro and in situ studies have reported a shift in optimal muscle fibre length for force generation (L0 ) towards longer length at decreasing activation levels (also referred to as length-dependent activation), yet the relevance for in vivo human muscle contractions with a variable activation pattern remains largely unclear. By a combination of dynamometry, ultrasound and electromyography (EMG), we experimentally obtained muscle force-fascicle length curves of the human soleus at 100%, 60% and 30% EMGmax levels from 15 participants aiming to investigate activation-dependent shifts in L0 in vivo...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473354/the-nf1-immune-microenvironment-dueling-roles-in-neurofibroma-development-and-malignant-transformation
#14
REVIEW
Emily E White, Steven D Rhodes
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder resulting in the development of both benign and malignant tumors of the peripheral nervous system. NF1 is caused by germline pathogenic variants or deletions of the NF1 tumor suppressor gene, which encodes the protein neurofibromin that functions as negative regulator of p21 RAS. Loss of NF1 heterozygosity in Schwann cells (SCs), the cells of origin for these nerve sheath-derived tumors, leads to the formation of plexiform neurofibromas (PNF)-benign yet complex neoplasms involving multiple nerve fascicles and comprised of a myriad of infiltrating stromal and immune cells...
February 29, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38472638/solitary-fibrous-tumor-occurring-in-the-colon-as-submucosal-mesenchymal-lesion-report-of-two-cases-and-review-of-the-literature
#15
REVIEW
Muhammad Akrmah, Elsayed Ibrahim, Laila Omar Mnayer, Saverio Ligato
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm most often arising from the pleura and rarely in extra-pleural locations, including the gastrointestinal tract. We describe two cases of a SFT presenting as submucosal colonic lesion and review the literature on this lesion. One submucosal lesion was localized in the cecum and was 10 mm in size. The second lesion presented as a 17 mm submucosal rectal lesion. Both lesions presented as well-circumscribed submucosal lesions arranged in short fascicles, blending with abundant collagenous stroma...
March 12, 2024: Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467248/amplification-of-mutant-nras-in-melanocytic-tumors-with-features-of-spitz-tumors
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeffrey M Cloutier, Meng Wang, Swapna S Vemula, Sonia Mirza, Jingly Weier, Jamie D Aquino, Timothy H McCalmont, Philip E LeBoit, Boris C Bastian, Iwei Yeh
NRAS activating mutations are prevalent in melanocytic neoplasia, occurring in a subset of common acquired melanocytic nevi and approximately 30% of cutaneous melanomas. In this study, we describe a cohort of seven distinctive melanocytic tumors characterized by activating point mutations in codon 61 of NRAS with amplification of the mutant NRAS allele and shared clinicopathologic features. These tumors occurred predominantly in younger patients, with a median age of 20 years (ranging from 6 to 56). They presented as papules on the helix of the ear (four cases) or extremities (three cases)...
March 9, 2024: Modern Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466412/high-frequency-ultrasound-imaging-findings-in-the-diagnosis-of-segmental-schwannomatosis-of-the-ulnar-nerve-case-report-and-literature-review
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuang Li, Jingwen Han, Xiaoping Zhang, Yunfeng Qi, Jie Du, Lirong Zhao
Schwannomatosis is characterized by the development of multiple schwannomas without evidence of vestibular tumors. Segmental schwannomatosis is defined as being limited to one limb or five or fewer contiguous segments of the spine. We report a case of a 20-year-old male with the painful masses of the left upper extremity with associated numbness and paresthesia in the ulnar nerve distribution. The high-frequency ultrasound showed that the ulnar nerve fascicles were enlarged and expanded with beadlike growth...
March 11, 2024: Skeletal Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464116/a-generative-model-of-the-connectome-with-dynamic-axon-growth
#18
Yuanzhe Liu, Caio Seguin, Richard F Betzel, Danyal Akarca, Maria A Di Biase, Andrew Zalesky
UNLABELLED: Connectome generative models, otherwise known as generative network models, provide insight into the wiring principles underpinning brain network organization. While these models can approximate numerous statistical properties of empirical networks, they typically fail to explicitly characterize an important contributor to brain organization - axonal growth. Emulating the chemoaffinity guided axonal growth, we provide a novel generative model in which axons dynamically steer the direction of propagation based on distance-dependent chemoattractive forces acting on their growth cones...
February 28, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458184/plantar-flexor-muscle-activity-and-fascicle-behavior-in-gastrocnemius-medialis-during-running-in-highly-cushioned-shoes-with-carbon-fiber-plates
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keiichiro Hata, Yuta Hamamura, Hiroaki Noro, Yohei Yamazaki, Shunsuke Nagato, Kazuyuki Kanosue, Toshio Yanagiya
The purposes of this study were to clarify the electromyography (EMG) of plantar flexors and to analyze the fascicle and tendon behaviors of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) during running in the carbon-fiber plate embedded in thicker midsole racing shoes, such as the Nike ZoomX Vaporfly (VF) and traditional racing shoes (TRAD). We compared the fascicle and series elastic element behavior of the GM and EMG of the lower limb muscles during running (14 km/h, 45 s) in athletes wearing VF or TRAD. GM EMGs in the push-off phase were approximately 50% lower in athletes wearing VF than in TRAD...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Applied Biomechanics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456323/ultrahigh-frequency-ultrasound-of-fascicles-in-the-common-fibular-superficial-fibular-and-sural-nerves
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James B Meiling, Nirmal Andrapalliyal, Marisa Barclay McGhee, Vanessa Baute Penry, Michael S Cartwright, Rachana K Gandhi Mehta
INTRODUCTION/AIMS: While ultrasound assessment of cross-sectional area and echogenicity has gained popularity as a biomarker for various neuropathies, there is a scarcity of data regarding fascicle count and density in neuropathies or even healthy controls. The aim of this study was to determine whether fascicles within select lower limb nerves (common fibular, superficial fibular, and sural nerves) can be counted in healthy individuals using ultrahigh-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS). METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers underwent sonographic examination of the common fibular, superficial fibular, and sural nerves on each lower limb using UHFUS with a 48 MHz linear transducer...
March 8, 2024: Muscle & Nerve
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