Vascular and Interventional Radiology

PURPOSE: A review of systematic reviews (SRs) and an update of the current meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) compared with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Literature was searched to retrieve SRs comparing DCBs and PTA for AVFs. A narrative review of SRs and pooled analysis were performed. RESULTS: Eleven SRs were included...

PURPOSE: Haemodialysis provides various options for vascular access, including native arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), arteriovenous grafts (AVGs), and central intravenous catheters. However, the use of catheters should be avoided due to their association with greater risks when opposed to AVFs or AVGs. AVFs have garnered strong endorsement as the favoured vascular access choice for extended haemodialysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 200 patients initially diagnosed with AVF/AVG dysfunction were referred to the radiology department across 3 different institutions...

Vascular complications in athletes are common and mimic musculoskeletal injuries such as muscle sprains, fractures, and cartilage abnormalities. They include traumatic vascular injuries and more subtle pathologies like entrapment syndromes, pseudoaneurysms, arterial occlusions, and venous thrombosis. Such vascular complications may be occult on imaging and can be difficult for a musculoskeletal radiologist to diagnose, resulting in a lack of timely diagnosis and potentially limb-threatening consequences. Although the final diagnosis may require multidisciplinary input from orthopaedic, sports and exercise medicine, and vascular and interventional radiology inputs, a musculoskeletal radiologist with prior knowledge of such conditions can be the first to diagnose such conditions aiding the athlete's performance...

PURPOSE: To compare the outcomes of Yttrium-90 transarterial radioembolization (TARE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with and without macrotrabecullar-massive (MTM) subtypes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-one consecutive patients with HCC (90.3% male, mean age 65.3±10.7 years) who underwent Yttrium-90 TARE between September 2014 and January 2022 were grouped as MTM-HCC (n=17, 41.5%) and non-MTM-HCC (n=24, 58.5%) based on their histopathological subtypes...

PURPOSE: The feasibility, safety and clinical outcomes of image-guided thermal ablation in patients with hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a multicenter retrospective investigation of 18 patients (43.9 ± 14.8 years; 6 men) who underwent image-guided thermal ablation for HEHE between January 2013 and February 2023. A total of 31 ablation sessions (24 involving microwave ablation and 7 involving radiofrequency ablation) were evaluated...

PURPOSE: To assess whether transarterial embolization using adjunctive techniques according to angioarchitectural types is effective for treating renal arteriovenous malformations (rAVMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Overall, 18 patients with rAVM (type 1, n=7; type 2, n=2; type 3, n=9; mean age: 53.8) who underwent 25 procedures, in total, between 2011 and 2022 were reviewed. The clinical characteristics, endovascular techniques, AVM occlusion rate, adverse events (including the incidence of renal infarction), and clinical outcomes (including recurrence/aggravation of AVM) and symptoms were analyzed according to the angioarchitectual types...

A 44-year-old otherwise healthy male with a history of trauma and surgical interventions in his right knee presented to the emergency department with repeated hemarthrosis of the right knee. The patient underwent blood tests, X-rays, and magnetic resonance imaging of the knee. A computed tomography angiography revealed blushing of the synovium of the knee. The patient underwent successful embolization of the genicular artery branches. Hemarthrosis did not recur. The use of genicular artery embolization, in our case, not only successfully addressed recurrent hemarthrosis but also underscores its emerging role in comprehensive patient management...

The goal of emergency medical services (EMS) is to provide urgent medical care and stabilization prior to patient transport to a healthcare facility for definitive treatment. The number and variety of interventions performed in the field by EMS providers continues to grow as early management of severe injuries and critical illness in the pre-hospital setting has been shown to improve patient outcomes. The sequela of many field interventions, including those associated with airway management, emergent vascular access, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), patient immobilization, and hemorrhage control may be appreciated on emergency department admission imaging...

We report a case of a life-threatening ruptured renal angiomyolipoma (AML) that did not meet the criteria for prophylactic treatment (tumor >4 cm or intratumoral aneurysm >5 mm) during follow-up. A woman in her 70s was followed up for a 2.5-cm AML with a rich vascular component. An intratumoral aneurysm >5 mm was not identified for 2 years. She complained of a sudden abdominal pain with hypotension, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a retroperitoneal hematoma with contrast media extravasation from an intratumoral aneurysm...

This case report presents the unique clinical presentation of an 18-year-old female patient with an 8-year history of a progressively enlarging pulsatile mass in the left parieto-occipital region of her scalp. Remarkably, there was no history of trauma, headache, or other associated neurological deficits. Advanced imaging techniques, including computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed a vascular lesion consistent with an arteriovenous malformation beneath the scalp. Notably, the arteriovenous malformation's nidus was primarily supplied by branches of bilateral superficial temporal and occipital arteries, with a more pronounced involvement on the left side...

Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS) is a rare neurocutaneous and craniofacial disorder characterized by progressive hemifacial wasting and atrophy that predominantly affects children and young adults, with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 700,000 individuals. Despite its rarity, PRS poses significant challenges for patients, their families, and healthcare providers due to its unpredictable course and potential functional and aesthetic impairments. The main aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of PRS, encompassing its clinical features, pathogenesis, and management techniques...

Lipoma of the corpus callosum, also known as pericallosal lipoma, is a rare congenital brain abnormality associated with corpus callosum dysgenesis or agenesis. Two morphological types are described: tubulonodular and curvilinear, with the latter being mostly asymptomatic. We present the case of a 30-year-old woman with epilepsy, whose magnetic resonance imaging revealed a "caterpillar sign" in the corpus callosum associated with a curvilinear pericallosal lipoma. The "caterpillar sign" in the corpus callosum showed low signal intensity on magnetization prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo, high signal on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and low on susceptibility-weighted imaging, possibly indicating abnormal blood vessels penetrating from the ventricle to the posterior callosal vein...

PURPOSE: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws has been reported to be associated with bisphosphonate and RANKL inhibitor medications. This prospective clinical study aimed to assess the outcomes of pre-operative ozone infiltration therapy in patients with established MRONJ. METHODS: The treatment protocol for ozone applications were designed as 20 applications ozone infiltration therapy followed by surgical interventions of necrotic tissue debridement using piezoelectric surgery instruments...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and long-term clinical outcomes of stent-graft placement to stop hepatic artery bleeding after pancreaticobiliary surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Outcomes were retrospectively evaluated in 61 patients (50 men, 11 women; mean age, 63) who underwent stent-graft placement for delayed arterial bleeding (after 24 hours) after pancreaticobiliary surgery from 2006 to 2023. Bleeding sites included the gastroduodenal artery stump (n=54), the common or proper hepatic artery (n=5), and right hepatic artery (n=2)...

PURPOSE: To explore the significance of socioeconomic factors such as race and ethnicity as predictors of mortality in sub-massive and massive acute pulmonary embolism (PE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hospitalizations aged > 18 years with acute, non-septic PE from 2016 to 2019 were identified in the National Inpatient Sample and divided into IR (CDT and thrombectomy) and non-IR (tPA) treatments. Statistical analyses calculated significant odds ratios via 95% confidence intervals...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the growth and quality of an IR training model designed for resource-constrained settings and implemented in Tanzania, as well as its overall potential to increase access to minimally invasive procedures across the region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IR training in Tanzania began in 10/2018 through monthly deployment of visiting teaching teams for hands-on training combined with in-person and remote lectures. A competency-based two-year Master of Science (MSc) in IR curriculum was inaugurated at the nation's main teaching hospital in 10/2019, graduating its first two classes in 2021 and 2022...