imagenology

To confirm the nature and forensic significance of questioned skeletal material submitted a medico-legal setting is a relatively common procedure, although not without difficulties when the remains are fragmented or burned. Different methodologies have been described for this purpose, many of them invasive, time and money consuming or dependent on the availability of the analytical instrument. We present a case in which skeletal material with unusual conditions of preservation and curious discovery was sent to a medico-legal setting to determine its human/nonhuman origin...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and imagenological characteristics of acute Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP), explore its risk factors, and assess the potential role of multiple bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) and steroid therapy in the treatment of children with acute ELP. METHODS: Between May 2011 and July 2014, 33 pediatric patients with pneumonia caused by aspiration of oil-based substances were admitted to the Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong, China...

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy is one of the most common approaches for cancer treatment. Particularly Doxorubicin has been proven to be effective in the treatment of many soft and solid tumors for locally advanced and metastatic cancer. It is not easy to clinically evaluate the chemotoxic or chemoprotective effect of some drugs, even more when there is a subclinical toxicity. OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of the hepatobiliary, colloid and cardiac scintigraphies, employing99mTcdisida, 99mTc-phytate and 99mTc-sestamibi respectively, in the evaluation of the hepato and cardiotoxicity of two chemotherapeutic treatments assessed in rats...

AIM: To describe our experience concerning the surgical treatment of Strasberg E-4 (Bismuth IV) bile duct injuries. METHODS: In an 18-year period, among 603 patients referred to our hospital for surgical treatment of complex bile duct injuries, 53 presented involvement of the hilar confluence classified as Strasberg E4 injuries. Imagenological studies, mainly magnetic resonance imaging showed a loss of confluence. The files of these patients were analyzed and general data were recorded, including type of operation and postoperative outcome with emphasis on postoperative cholangitis, liver function test and quality of life...

Imagenological diagnosis of subarachnoid neurocysticercosis is usually difficult when classical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences are used. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the advantages of 3D MRI sequences (Fast Imaging Employing Steady-state Acquisition (FIESTA) and Spoiled Gradient Recalled Echo (SPGR)) with respect to classical sequences (Fluid Attenuation Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) and T1) in visualizing Taenia solium cyst in these locations. Forty-seven T. solium cysts located in the basal cisterns of the subarachnoid space were diagnosed in eighteen Mexican patients...

BACKGROUND: Lymphangiomas are benign tumours, considered to be congenital malformations of the lymphatic system that predominately affect children, with only a few cases reported in adults. The most common sites of these lesions are the neck (75%) and axillary region (20%), but rarely found in the spleen. OBJECTIVE: A description is presented of 3 cases of incidentally detected splenic lymphangioma, one in a child and in 2 adults, respectively, as well as a literature review...

We report a case of a middle-age male patient, with newly HIV infection in AIDS stage diagnosis, no comorbitidies, who was hospitalized for subacute malaise, fever, self-limited unproductive cough and no bloody chronic diarrea. The diagnosis of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia was performed by imagenological suspicion and stains of cysts of this pathogen with bronchoalveolar lavage samples. Treatment was initiated with oral cotrimoxazole and starting HAART with good clinical outcome. Concomitantly, an etiologic study was conducted for chronic diarrhea and through histopathological examination of colonic mucosa, numerous extracellular cystic structures Pneumocystis characteristics were observed, performing the diagnosis of extrapulmonary pneumocystosis...

BACKGROUND: Bronchogenic cyst is a rare congenital malformation and commonly located in the mediastinum and lung parenchyma. OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical characteristics of the patients with diagnosis of bronchogenic cysts, their location and the infectious bacteria when the cysts are infected. The cases were collected from 1 January 2005 to 1 January 2013, in a third level hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cases with bronchogenic cysts resected by thoracotomy were confirmed by histological study...

The aim of this article is to report a case of necrotizing sialometaplasia with long-term follow-up. A case of necrotizing sialometaplasia in a 37-year-old man with clinical documentation on the progress during a 2-year follow-up is presented. Data from an extensive review of the literature including clinical, imagenologic, and microscopic features are provided. Information on diagnostic and prognostic factors is offered and comprehensibly discussed. The importance of identification and diagnosis of this entity during the review of the slides from the first biopsy is stressed and the exclusive performance of an incisional biopsy is debated...

The primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is an entity with a very low incidence and prevalence. It is not clear why the inflammatory process of this entity is limited to the cerebral vasculature without systemic manifestations. Its clinical manifestations are very heterogeneous and make clinical diagnosis difficult. In most cases, a brain biopsy is required. Only the clinical suspicion and the ability to recognize the possible clinical and imagenological patterns of presentation make an accurate diagnosis possible...

STUDY DESIGN: Clinical case series. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical, radiological, and histological presentation of a series of patients presenting with benign notochordal tumors, and review the existing literature on the topic. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: During the past decade, several authors have reported a spine tumor with benign clinical characteristics and histological resemblance to notochordal tissue. The prognosis and appropriate management remain controversial...

Cystic hydatid disease (CHD) is a worldwide zoonosis caused by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Diagnosis is based on imagenological tools (abdominal ultrasound, chest X-rays, or computed tomography [CT] scan). Serological antibody-detecting assays, using diverse native antigens, have been used as a supportive diagnostic tool, but their sensitivities and specificities differ greatly. The use of synthetic peptides as antigens should provide more reliability and allow better assessment and comparison of test formats and case series...

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic disease with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, characterized by widespread telangiectases that can involve the skin, mucous membranes, lung, brain, gastrointestinal tract and/or liver. It has an estimated prevalence of 1 to 2 cases per 10,000. The prevalence of hepatic involvement in HHT had been estimated in 8% to 31% in retrospective studies but in more recent large prospective series the prevalence is higher, ranging between 41% and 78%. Nevertheless, symptoms occur only in 8% of the patients with HHT and liver involvement...

BACKGROUND: The BISAP score is a simple system, which englobes clinical features (laboratory and imagenology tests) allowing to predict the mortality in acute pancreatitis within the first 24 hours of hospitalization. OBJECTIVE: To determine the validity of the BISAP score in the prediction of prognosis and severity of acute pancreatitis. METHOD: In order to validate the BISAP score, a study was performed in 57 patients with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis at the moment of admission...

OBJECTIVE: To show the close relationship between the anatomic features and the echocardiographic image in the absence of right atrioventricular connection. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Echocardiographic study of a patient with right atrioventricular connection and a corresponding anatomic specimen from the Museum of Embryology of the INC "lgnacio Chávez". RESULTS: A close correlation between an anatomic specimen with absence of right atrioventricular connection and an echocardiographic image of a patient with the same cardiopathy was established...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Large, prominent osteophytes along the anterior aspect of the cervical spine have been reported as a cause of dysphagia. Improvement of swallowing after surgical resection has been reported in a few case reports with short-term follow-up. The current report describes outcomes of a series of five patients with surgical treatment for this rare disorder, with a long-term follow-up. PURPOSE: To study the clinical and radiographic outcomes of a case series of patients surgically treated for dysphagia secondary to cervical diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The right kidney has been less frequently used in live donor nephrectomy, because of the shorter length of the right renal vein (RRV) that is associated with technical difficulties and higher rates of venous thrombosis. In live open donor or deceased donor transplant nephrectomy, an additional cuff of the inferior vena cava is usually removed, but this is a more difficult and risky maneuver in laparoscopic nephrectomy. For this reason, laparoscopic right nephrectomy (LRN) for renal transplantation (RT) is not frequently performed in most medical institutions...

Thyroid dysfunction is more common in women than in men due to the hormone changes which are functional in proper stages such as puberty, pregnancy and menopause. It seems that the interrelationship between the endocrine and immunologic systems may be responsible of the incidence of thyroid dysfunction. The development of precise techniques for the measurement of thyroid hormones as well as the advancement in imagenology studies have contributed to proper diagnosis and therapeutic modalities. Thyroid diseases during pregnancy are now better treated and no harm has been observed in neonates...

Cerebral cavernous malformations are rarely described in children. Giant cavernous malformations are exceptional in this group of patients. The authors reports a case of an eleven months boy, who begins at the sixth month of life with epilepsy. Medical therapy was advised and imagenological studies were carried out. An IRM was performed, and shows a giant cavernous malformation in the right parietal lobe. Surgery was carried out, with complete resection of the lesion. In the postoperative period and at more than a year of follow up, he was free of crisis...

For the physician, it should stand out very clearly that the clinical and rationale analysis of the symptoms observed in every patient suffering from stable chronic ischemic cardiopathy (SCIC) or acute coronary ischemic syndrome (ACIS), are the starting point to apply the available resources in imagenology, in order to apply in an optimized and sequential manner to stratify, without forgetting its inherent limitations, or identify its risk. This approach may be based on the ethics, with special emphasis on the patient economy, which may promote the use of indissoluble medical principles regarding never damaging, but improving, the survival...