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Climate change is rapidly altering weather patterns, resulting in shifts in climatic zones. The survival of trees in specific locations depends on their functional traits. Local populations exhibit trait adaptations that ensure their survival and accomplishment of growth and reproduction processes during the growing season. Studying these traits offers valuable insights into species responses to present and future environmental conditions, aiding the implementation of measures to ensure forest resilience and productivity...

Acinetobacter spp. are one of the main pathogens responsible for healthcare-associated infections and are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality globally, mainly because of their high capacity to present and develop resistance to antimicrobials. To identify species of the Acinetobacter and their resistance profiles from samples collected from hospitalized patients, health professionals and hospital environmental sources in the intensive care units of different public reference hospitals in Porto Velho City, Rondônia, Western Brazilian Amazon...

BACKGROUND: Internationally, Indigenous Peoples experience worse surgical outcomes than non-Indigenous patients, but equity of surgical care is less well studied in Canada. This study compares outcomes after appendectomy in First Nations and non-First Nations patients. METHODS: In this population-based study, we reviewed administrative data of patients who underwent appendectomy between Apr. 1, 2004, and Mar. 31, 2017, in Northern Alberta. Demographic variables and characteristics of surgical care for First Nations and non-First Nations patients were collected...

The transition to parenthood (TTP) is an exciting yet destabilizing time for couples. First-time parents may experience changes in their sexual satisfaction during the TTP, but little is known about the factors associated with these changes. Romantic attachment might help understand why some new parents experience a decrease in sexual satisfaction while others do not. This prospective and dyadic study aimed to examine new parents' sexual satisfaction trajectories through the moderator role of prenatal attachment anxiety and avoidance in these trajectories...

CONTEXT: Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) includes Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's disease (HD), which often run in the same family. AITD etiology is incompletely understood: genetic factors may account for up to 75% of phenotypic variance, whereas epigenetic effects (including DNA methylation (DNAm)) may contribute to the remaining variance (e.g. why some individuals develop GD and others HD). OBJECTIVE: To identify differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) comparing GD to HD...

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Formation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has emerged as a novel paradigm in cell-to-cell communication in health and disease. EVs are notably produced during cell death but it had remained unclear whether different modalities of regulated cell death (RCD) influence the biogenesis and composition of EVs. To this end, we performed a comparative analysis of steady-state (ssEVs) and cell death-associated EVs (cdEVs) following TNF-induced necroptosis (necEVs), anti-Fas-induced apoptosis (apoEVs), and ML162-induced ferroptosis (ferEVs) using the same cell line...

Purpose Patients with recurring kidney stone events can expect significant morbidity and functional impairment. Few studies have evaluated the effect of bilateral kidney stones on disease progression and quality of life. We wanted to determine the association of bilateral stone disease on age of onset, and the impact on number of stone events and individual kidney stone disease specific Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) by analysing the validated and prospectively collected Wisconsin Stone Quality of Life (WISQOL) database...

Heritable non-genetic information can regulate a variety of complex phenotypes. However, what specific non-genetic cues are transmitted from parents to their descendants are poorly understood. Here, we perform metabolic methyl-labeling experiments to track the heritable transmission of methylation from ancestors to their descendants in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). We find heritable methylation in DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids. We find that parental starvation elicits reduced fertility, increased heat stress resistance, and extended longevity in fed, naïve progeny...

A single-institution prospective pilot clinical trial was performed to demonstrate the feasibility of combining [177 Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for the treatment of oligometastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. Methods: Six patients with 9 prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive oligometastases received 2 cycles of [177 Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 RPT followed by SBRT. After the first intravenous infusion of [177 Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 (7.46 ± 0...

The nucleolus is a multiphase biomolecular condensate responsible for the initial steps of ribosome biogenesis. Jaberi-Lashkari et al.1 report that Treacle, a protein associated with a craniofacial distortion disease, played an evolutionary role in the spatial specialization of the nucleolus.

Ribosomal RNAs are decorated by numerous post-transcriptional modifications whose exact roles in ribosome biogenesis, function, and human pathophysiology remain largely unknown. Here, we report a targeted direct rRNA sequencing approach involving a substrate selection step and demonstrate its suitability to identify differential modification sites in combination with the JACUSA2 software. We compared JACUSA2 to other tools designed for RNA modification detection and show that JACUSA2 outperforms other software with regard to detection of base modifications such as methylation, acetylation and aminocarboxypropylation...

BACKGROUND: The Immunoscore (IS) is a quantitative digital pathology assay that evaluates the immune response in cancer patients. This study reports on the reproducibility of pathologists' visual assessment of CD3+- and CD8+-stained colon tumors, compared to IS quantification. METHODS: An international group of expert pathologists evaluated 540 images from 270 randomly selected colon cancer (CC) cases. Concordance between pathologists' T-score, corresponding hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) slides, and the digital IS was evaluated for two- and three-category IS...

BACKGROUND: Dynamic hyperpolarized (HP)-13 C MRI has enabled real-time, non-invasive assessment of Warburg-related metabolic dysregulation in glioma using a [1-13 C]pyruvate tracer that undergoes conversion to [1-13 C]lactate and [13 C]bicarbonate. Using a multi-parametric 1 H/HP-13 C imaging approach, we investigated dynamic and steady-state metabolism, together with physiological parameters, in high-grade gliomas to characterize active tumor. METHODS: Multi-parametric 1 H/HP-13 C MRI data were acquired from fifteen patients with progressive/treatment-naïve glioblastoma [prog/TN GBM, IDH-wildtype (n = 11)], progressive astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, grade 4 (G4AIDH+ , n = 2) and GBM manifesting treatment effects (n = 2)...

•This is the first study in Brazil about diets to prepare for colonoscopy. •The normocaloric diet was not inferior to the liquid diet regarding the quality of the colonoscopy preparation. •Both diets were well tolerated, but the normocaloric diet was more accepted than the liquid diet. Background - Several publications have shown greater acceptance of less restrictive diets for colonoscopy preparation, without impairing the quality of the preparation, when compared to the clear liquid diet...

We examined changes in self-reported mental health, physical health, and emotional support among low-income parents with children ages 0-2 years old from pre-pandemic to pandemic periods and compared changes in parental health among parents who did versus did not have access to a clinic-based community health worker intervention supporting parents at early childhood preventive care visits. We utilized longitudinal parent survey data from pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 time periods from both the intervention and control arms of an existing cohort of parents enrolled in a 10-clinic cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT)...

UNLABELLED: Excessive alcohol use is thought to increase the risk of respiratory infections by impairing mucociliary clearance (MCC). In this study, we investigate the hypothesis that alcohol reduces the function of CFTR, the protein that is defective in individuals with cystic fibrosis, thus altering mucus properties to impair MCC and the airway's defense against inhaled pathogens. METHODS: Sprague Dawley rats with wild type CFTR (+/+), matched for age and sex, were administered either a Lieber-DeCarli alcohol diet or a control diet with the same number of calories for eight weeks...

INTRODUCTION: In line with Canadian provincial directives due to the COVID-19 pandemic, certain elective urological surgical cases that are normally performed as inpatient procedures, were performed as same-day discharge procedures to reduce hospitalization and the usage of scarce healthcare resources. Since the pandemic, we began performing laser enucleation of the prostate (LEP), robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) as outpatient surgeries...

INTRODUCTION: There is growing use of online resources in the postgraduate medical education application process to provide applicants program-specific details, thus allowing for informed decision-making. Given the variability and non-standardized electronic training descriptions and objectives, our goal was to assess the availability of program information through program websites for both residency and fellowship urology programs across Canada. METHODS: Using the Canadian Residency Matching Service (CaRMS) and the Canadian Urological Association (CUA) websites, we compiled a list of all Canadian urology residency and fellowship programs...

BACKGROUND: Indigenous Peoples experience health inequities and racism across the continuum of health services. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence and outcomes of critical illness among Indigenous Peoples. METHODS: We searched Ovid MEDLINE/PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (inception to October 2022). Observational studies, case series of > 100 patients, clinical trial arms, and grey literature reports of Indigenous adults were eligible...