ActivPAL

INTRODUCTION: An elevated postprandial glucose response is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Existing research suggests large heterogeneity in the postprandial glucose responses to identical meals and food products between individuals, but the effect of other consumed meals during the day and the order of meals during the day on the heterogeneity in postprandial glucose responses still needs to be investigated. In addition, the robustness of the glucose responses to meals or foods is still unknown...

BACKGROUND: Sedentary behavior among breast cancer survivors is associated with increased risk of poor physical function and worse quality of life. While moderate to vigorous physical activity can improve outcomes for cancer survivors, many are unable to engage in that intensity of physical activity. Decreasing sitting time may be a more feasible behavioral target to potentially mitigate the impact of cancer and its treatments. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and preliminary impact of an intervention to reduce sitting time on changes to physical function and quality of life in breast cancer survivors, from baseline to a 3-month follow-up...

INTRODUCTION: Contact centres have higher levels of sedentary behaviour than other office-based workplaces. Stand Up for Health (SUH) is a theory-based intervention developed using the 6SQuID framework to reduce sedentary behaviour in contact centre workers. The aim of this study was to test acceptability and feasibility of implementing SUH in UK contact centres. METHODS: The study was conducted in 2020-2022 (pre COVID and during lockdown) and used a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial design including a process evaluation...

PURPOSE: Determine the level of agreement of three activity monitors compared with the gold standard (video review) on the activity level of patients with stroke. METHODS: A prospective, observational, agreement study was performed on 47 individuals with sub-acute stroke in an inpatient rehabilitation facility. Data was collected during one physical therapy session. Individuals wore three device types; Actigraph (AG), Activpal (AP), and stepwatch activity monitor (SAM)...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of using SUpported Motivational InTerviewing (SUMIT) to increase physical activity in people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial. SETTING: We recruited people who had completed Good Life with osteoArthritis Denmark (GLA:D) from private, public and community settings in Victoria, Australia. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomised participants to receive SUMIT or usual care...

OBJECTIVE: Examine the association of ectopic adipose tissue (AT) with skeletal muscle (SM) mitochondrial bioenergetics in older adults. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from 829 older adults ≥70 years was used. Total abdominal, subcutaneous, and visceral AT; and thigh muscle fat infiltration (MFI) was quantified by MRI. SM mitochondrial energetics were characterized using in vivo 31 P-MRS (ATP max ) and ex vivo high-resolution respirometry (maximal oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS))...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the current literature on wearable technologies in oncology patients for the purpose of prognostication, treatment monitoring, and rehabilitation planning. METHODS: A search was conducted in Medline ALL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Emcare, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science, up until February 2022. Articles were included if they reported on consumer grade and/or non-commercial wearable devices in the setting of either prognostication, treatment monitoring or rehabilitation...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the responsiveness of patient-reported and device-based instruments within four physical activity trials. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of four randomised trials that used both a patient-reported outcome measure (the Incidental and Planned Exercise Questionnaire, IPEQ) and a device-based instrument (ActiGraph or ActivPAL) to measure physical activity. The four trials included were (i) Activity and MObility UsiNg Technology (AMOUNT): digitally-enabled exercises in those undertaking aged care and neurological rehabilitation; (ii) Balance Exercise Strength Training (BEST) at Home: home-based balance and strength exercises in community-dwelling people aged ≥65 years; (iii) Coaching for Healthy AGEing (CHAnGE): physical activity coaching and fall prevention intervention in community-dwelling people aged ≥60 years; and (iv) Fitbit trial: fall prevention and physical activity promotion with health coaching and activity monitor in community-dwelling people aged ≥60 years...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and effects of a simple-to-implement multicomponent intervention to reduce sedentary time of office workers. METHODS: Six groups of eight to ten office workers took part in the two-week Leicht Bewegt intervention. Participants completed questionnaires at baseline (T0, n = 52), after 2 weeks (T1, n = 46), and after 5 weeks (T2, n = 38), including subjective sedentary measures and social-cognitive variables based on the health action process approach (HAPA)...

Acute viral respiratory infections have proven to be a major health threat, even after the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to check whether the presence or absence of an acute respiratory infection such as COVID-19 can influence the physical activity of older hospitalised patients. We cross-sectionally studied patients aged ≥60 years, hospitalized during the pandemic in the non-COVID-19 and COVID-19 ward at the University Hospital, Kraków, Poland. Using activPAL3® technology, we assessed physical activity for 24 h upon admission and discharge...

INTRODUCTION: Individuals with end-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA) walk at a lower intensity (i.e., slower step cadence) contributing to worse physical function. Previous literature reports daily step counts and sedentary time, with little information regarding stepping bouts or cadence. Determining relationships between daily higher stepping cadence duration and clinical outcomes can move the field towards optimal daily stepping prescription. OBJECTIVE: To quantify daily physical activity patterns of individuals with end-stage knee OA and determine the contribution of high stepping cadence to explain functional capacity variability...

BACKGROUND: Office workers spend 70-85% of their time at work sitting. High levels of sitting have been linked to poor physiological and psychological health. Evidence shows the need for fully powered randomised controlled trials, with long-term follow-up, to test the effectiveness of interventions to reduce sitting time. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to test the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the SMART Work & Life intervention, delivered with and without a height-adjustable workstation, compared with usual practice at 12-month follow-up...

AIMS: To describe patient-reported physical activity and step count trajectory and explore perceived barriers and enablers to physical activity amongst people with obesity participating in a chronic care programme whilst awaiting arthroplasty. DESIGN: Convergent parallel mixed-method study. METHOD: A patient cohort derived from a longitudinal sample of adults with end-stage osteoarthritis and obesity from a chronic care programme whilst awaiting primary total knee or hip arthroplasty (n = 97) was studied...

Physical activity is increasingly being captured by accelerometers worn on different body locations. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between physical activity volume (average acceleration), intensity (intensity gradient) and cardiometabolic health when assessed by a thigh-worn and wrist-worn accelerometer. A sample of 659 office workers wore an Axivity AX3 on the non-dominant wrist and an activPAL3 micro on the right thigh concurrently for 24 h a day for 8 days. An average acceleration (proxy for physical activity volume) and intensity gradient (intensity distribution) were calculated from both devices using the open-source raw accelerometer processing software GGIR...

BACKGROUND: The lifestyle-integrated functional exercise (LiFE) program has been shown to increase physical activity. It remains unclear, however, how these changes translate into long vs. short walking episodes. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to investigate changes in short vs. long walking episodes between baseline and 6‑month follow-up and to determine which factors are associated with these changes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a two-arm randomized noninferiority study with 309 older adults (mean age 78...

Body-related shame and guilt are theorized to be time-varying affective determinants of physical activity, yet research has predominantly relied on self-report measures of physical activity and between-person associations. To address these limitations, the present study used ecological momentary assessment to examine within- and between-person associations between body-related shame and guilt, and subsequent time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) measured by continuously worn accelerometers...

PURPOSE: Following curative-intent therapy of lung cancer, many survivors experience dyspnea and physical inactivity. We investigated the feasibility, acceptability, safety, and potential efficacy of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) and walking promotion to disrupt a postulated "dyspnea-inactivity" spiral. METHODS: Between January and December 2022, we recruited lung cancer survivors from Kaiser Permanente Colorado who completed curative-intent therapy within 1-6 months into a phase-IIb, parallel-group, pilot randomized trial (1:1 allocation)...

BACKGROUND: Early mobilisation is strongly recommended following abdominal cancer surgery, but evidence on how to structure early mobilisation to improve outcomes and support patient adherence is lacking. Pedatim® (Phystec) is a novel digital tool designed to support mobilisation in hospital settings using prescribed activities and goals on a tablet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the Pedatim tablet to enhance mobilisation following abdominal cancer surgery...

BACKGROUND: Self-reported data of physical activity are practical and inexpensive ways to collect data, although, subject to significant measurement errors. Most physical activity questionnaires used in the USA have been predominately validated among non-Hispanic White American populations with limited attention paid to the validity of the measures among racial/ethnic minorities. Additionally, there are limited studies that have evaluated factors related to over- and under-reporting errors linked to self-reported physical activity data, particularly among African Americans...

BACKGROUND: The Johns Hopkins Highest Level of Mobility scale is a validated tool for assessing patient mobility in the hospital. It has excellent inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities, but it is unknown how accurately Johns Hopkins Highest Level of Mobility documentation reflects the patients' mobility performance in the immediate postoperative period compared to objective measures such as accelerometers. METHODS: In this single-center observational study, consented adults undergoing open abdominal surgery wore a research-grade accelerometer, activPAL, starting immediately postoperatively until hospital discharge or up to 7 days...