trauma esophagus

The prevalence of anterior cervical osteophyte among elderly patients is high due to many causes such as trauma, degenerative changes, and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. Severe dysphagia is one of the main presenting symptoms for anterior cervical osteophytes. We describe a case of a patient with anterior cervical osteophyte with severe dysphagia and quadriparesis. The 83-year-old man presented to the emergency department following the incident of falling on his face. CT and X-ray were done in the emergency department, which showed huge anterior osteophytes at the level of C3-4 compressing the esophagus...

BACKGROUND: An esophageal defect usually resulted from surgical ablation of tumors or corrosive injury. Staged reconstructions are required usually in extensive defects. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to present a rare iatrogenic complication of total esophageal avulsion injury during upper gastrointestinal endoscopic treatment and to perform staged reconstructions to create a neoesophagus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the presented case, staged reconstructions with a tubed deltopectoral flap and a supercharged colon interposition flap were performed to reconstruct the hypopharynx and esophagus...

BACKGROUNDS: Esophageal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (E-GISTs) are extremely rare and surgical resection is the recommended approach. However, surgical resection usually causes severe trauma that may result in significant postoperative morbidity. Endoscopic resection (ER) has developed rapidly in recent years and has been widely used in gastrointestinal lesions. Nevertheless, the feasibility and efficacy of ER in the management of E-GISTs are unknown. METHODS: Retrospective data were collected from January 2011 to December 2020 in a large tertiary center of China...

Invertebrates, including arachnids, are a common taxon in zoological collections. Invertebrate medicine and pathology are emerging subspecialties, but there is limited reference material or published resources describing histologic lesions in arachnids. Histopathology of 26 captive arachnids (20 spiders and 6 scorpions) from institutional collections was reviewed. Most animals were found dead with limited clinical signs. Tissues evaluated included body wall (cuticle and epidermis), skeletal muscle, book lungs, digestive tract (pharynx, esophagus, sucking stomach, midgut tube, midgut diverticula, and stercoral pocket), central and peripheral nervous system, heart, hemolymph vessels and sinuses, Malpighian tubules, coxal glands, and gonads...

Esophageal injuries are typically iatrogenic after endoscopic/surgical procedures, but they are rarely caused by penetrative or blunt trauma. We present a case of patient who suffered multiple stab wounds to the neck and underwent surgical repair for hemorrhagic shock but was ultimately diagnosed and treated successfully via endoscopy for a thoracic esophageal injury. Early detection is imperative and usually diagnosed via contrast studies but less commonly via direct visualization endoscopically. Moreover, endoscopic treatment is also less commonly utilized, even if diagnosed from that modality...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Esophageal rupture and perforation are serious complications of blunt abdominal trauma. Early diagnosis and intervention is key for patient survival. Studies have reported that mortality of patients with esophageal perforation can be as high as 20-40 % (Schweigert et al., 2016; Deng et al., 2021 [1, 2]). We present a patient with suspected esophageal perforation after a blunt trauma identified by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) as the presence of a second gastroesophageal lumen concerning for esophagogastric fistula...

While rare in incidence, penetrating neck injuries are often life-threatening. When a patient's physiological status is appropriate, the first step in treatment should be a detailed preoperative imaging assessment. Formulating a treatment plan that includes computed tomography (CT) imaging and discussing the surgical approach with a multidisciplinary team before operating allows for a successful selective surgical approach. The authors report the case of a Zone II penetrating injury with a right laterocervical entry wound in which an impaled blade with an inferomedial oblique path pierced deeply into the cervical spine...

Penetrating neck trauma poses a significant risk to multiple vital structures, which if not treated immediately may lead to devastating consequences. Our patient presented after sustaining self-inflicted stab wounds to the neck. He was taken to the operating room for a left neck exploration and median sternotomy, revealing a distal tracheal injury. Following repair of the tracheal injury, an intraoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy demonstrated a full-thickness esophageal injury 15 cm proximal to the tracheal injury...

Esophageal stroke, also known as acute esophageal necrosis or Gurvits syndrome, is an entity that has gained more and more recognition in the last two decades. It is also named "black esophagus" because of striking black discoloration of the esophageal mucosa, with an abrupt transition to normal mucosa at the gastroesophageal junction. Its most common clinical presentation is represented by upper gastrointestinal bleeding and esophagogastroduodenoscopy is the main diagnostic tool. Among the etiopathogenetic and multiple predisposing factors described are hypovolemia, shock state, ischemia, congestive heart failure, acute renal failure, infections, trauma, and diabetes mellitus...

Involvement of esophagus with tuberculous infection is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Secondary esophageal tuberculosis is much more common than primary TB. The most common source of secondary esophageal involvement is tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis. Esophageal tuberculosis mimics carcinoma esophagus. Clinical features are same and it is difficult on imaging studies also to differentiate the two pathologies. Misdiagnosis is common. The disease is medically curable; therefore, it is essential to make all efforts to diagnose the pathology with non-surgical diagnostic modalities in suspected cases so as to save patients from the trauma of major surgical resection...

Acquired Tracheo-esophageal fistula (TEF) is a challenging and complicated condition. The laryngeal protection is lost in acquired TEF cases due to the established connection between the esophagus and the airways leading to aspiration, pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Malignancy contributes to about 80% of acquired TEF. Nonmalignant causes for TEF include prolonged ventilation, trauma (iatrogenic, penetrating, or blunt injury), foreign bodies, corrosive burns, and granulomatous infections...

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BACKGROUND: Diagnosis and management of chronic esophageal disease requires the use of potentially traumatic medical procedures, performed with or without sedation. Medical trauma and post-traumatic stress (PTS) are emerging as important considerations in patients with digestive illness. To date, no study assesses medical PTS from procedures in patients with esophageal disease. METHODS: Adult patients with achalasia, eosinophilic esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, or functional esophageal disease at a university-based gastroenterology clinic completed: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Gastroesophageal Disease Questionnaire, Brief Esophageal Dysphagia Questionnaire, Northwestern Esophageal Quality of Life scale (HRQoL), NIH-PROMIS Depression scale, and a study-specific questionnaire about esophageal procedures (endoscopy with sedation; functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) with sedation; high-resolution manometry (HRM); wireless pH testing; or 24-h pH-impedance testing)...

Intramural esophageal hematoma (IEH) is a rare manifestation of esophageal wall injury with nonspecific symptoms. It may be caused by trauma or occur spontaneously. IEH is often discovered on computed tomography or esophagogastroduodenoscopy and is typically managed conservatively with supportive care to allow healing. It is frequently an isolated finding in the esophagus and seldom involves any other organ. We report a rare case of a patient discovered to have an obstructing IEH with associated hemothorax after an unrelated surgical admission...

Esophageal trauma is rare and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Management can be challenging. Operative intervention involves exposure of the esophageal injury followed by primary two-layer repair with or without a buttressing muscle flap and wide local drainage. Repair can be complicated by post-operative leak and esophagocutaneous fistula. Endoluminal wound VAC therapy in the management of non-traumatic and iatrogenic esophageal perforations has shown efficacy. Presented here is a case series of four patients who sustained penetrating trauma to the esophagus and were managed successfully with endoluminal wound VAC therapy following primary repair...

INTRODUCTION: Penetrating thoracic aortic injuries (PTAI) represent a rare form of thoracic trauma. Unlike blunt thoracic aortic injuries (BTAI), only scarce data, included in small case series, are currently available for PTAI. The purpose of this study was to describe injury patterns, surgical management, and outcomes of patients with PTAI and compare to those with BTAI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 9-y retrospective cohort study (2007-2015) was conducted using the National Trauma Data Bank...

The esophagus is a deeply located organ which traverses the neck, the thorax, and the abdomen and is surrounded at each level by vital organs. Because of its positioning injuries to the esophagus are rare. Their common denominator is the risk of the organ perforation leading to spillage of digestive contents in surrounding spaces, severe sepsis and eventually death. Most frequent esophageal emergencies are related to the ingestion of foreign bodies or caustic agents, to iatrogenic or spontaneous esophageal perforation and external esophageal trauma...

During the past 74 years since its establishment, Israel has evolved into a modernized country with well-established and effective public health care system. Thoracic surgeons in Israel play a central role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with diseases of the chest wall, diaphragm, mediastinum, airways, Lung, and esophagus as well are taking part in designated trauma teams. Between 2,500-3,000 cases are being performed in 16 designated thoracic surgical units and departments across the country annually, the majority of them being performed in a minimally invasive fashion...

Here in we present a 74-year-old case of esophago-pericardial fistula with pericardial effusion and pneumopericardium. Bone-related esophageal trauma was the cause of the esophago-pericardial fistula. The esophago-pericardial fistula was diagnosed with echocardiography, computerized tomography (CT) and endoscopy. Pericardiocentesis was performed for drainage the pericardial effusion. The esophago-pericardial fistula was treated with covered self-expandable esophageal stent.

The standard of care for esophageal malignancies has evolved over the years from open transthoracic esophagectomy to a minimally invasive approach due to the reduction in surgical trauma and significant impact on postoperative outcomes. Minimally invasive approaches include video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. These minimally invasive approaches have an attendant learning curve that early-career surgeons are required to negotiate before achieving proficiency in the procedure...