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JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Ej Jones, Ulrich Beuers, Alan Bonder, Marco Carbone, Emma Culver, Jessica Dyson, Robert G Gish, Bettina E Hansen, Gideon Hirschfield, Rebecca Jones, Kris Kowdley, Andreas E Kremer, Keith Lindor, Marlyn Mayo, George Mells, James Neuberger, Martin Prince, Mark Swain, Atsushi Tanaka, Douglas Thorburn, Michael Trauner, Palak Trivedi, Martin Weltman, Andrew Yeoman, Cynthia Levy
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease. The management landscape was transformed 20 years ago with the advent of Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA). Up to 40% of patients do not, however, respond adequately to UDCA and therefore still remain at risk of disease progression to cirrhosis. The introduction of Obeticholic acid (OCA) as second-line therapy for patients failing UDCA has improved outcomes for PBC patients. There remains, however, a need for better treatments for higher risk patients...
March 22, 2024: Hepatology: Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anita Shepherd, Danny Awty-Carroll, Jason Kam, Chris Ashman, Elena Magenau, Enrico Martani, Mislav Kontek, Andrea Ferrarini, Stefano Amaducci, Chris Davey, Vanja Jurišić, Gert-Jan Petrie, Mohamad Al Hassan, Isabelle Lamy, Iris Lewandowski, Emmanuel de Maupeou, Jon McCalmont, Luisa Trindade, Kasper van der Cruijsen, Philip van der Pluijm, Rebecca Rowe, Andrew Lovett, Iain Donnison, Andreas Kiesel, John Clifton-Brown, Astley Hastings
New biomass crop hybrids for bioeconomic expansion require yield projections to determine their potential for strategic land use planning in the face of global challenges. Our biomass growth simulation incorporates radiation interception and conversion efficiency. Models often use leaf area to predict interception which is demanding to determine accurately, so instead we use low-cost rapid light interception measurements using a simple laboratory-made line ceptometer and relate the dynamics of canopy closure to thermal time, and to measurements of biomass...
April 2023: Global Change Biology. Bioenergy
#3
Shunsuke Kimura, Petri Polonen, Lindsey Montefiori, Chun Shik Park, Ilaria Iacobucci, Allen Ej Yeoh, Andishe Attarbaschi, Andrew S Moore, Anthony Brown, Atsushi Manabe, Barbara Buldini, Burgess B Freeman, Chelsey Chen, Cheng Cheng, Chiew Kean Hui, Chi-Kong Li, Ching-Hon Pui, Chunxu Qu, Daisuke Tomizawa, David T Teachey, Elena Varotto, Elisabeth M Paietta, Elizabeth D Arnold, Franco Locatelli, Gabriele Escherich, Hannah Elisa Muhle, Hanne Vibeke Marquart, Hester A de Groot-Kruseman, Jacob M Rowe, Jan Stary, Jan Trka, John Kim Choi, Jules P P Meijerink, Jun J Yang, Junko Takita, Katarzyna Pawinska-Wasikowska, Kathryn G Roberts, Katie Han, Kenneth J Caldwell, Kjeld Schmiegelow, Kristine R Crews, Mariko Eguchi, Martin Schrappe, Martin Zimmerman, Masatoshi Takagi, Mellissa Maybury, Michael Svaton, Michaela Reiterova, Michal Kicinski, Mollie S Prater, Motohiro Kato, Noemi Reyes, Orietta Spinelli, Paul Thomas, Pauline Mazilier, Qingsong Gao, Riccardo Masetti, Rishi S Kotecha, Rob Pieters, Sarah Elitzur, Selina M Luger, Sharnise Mitchell, Shondra M Pruett-Miller, Shuhong Shen, Sima Jeha, Stefan Köhrer, Steven M Kornblau, Szymon Skoczeń, Takako Miyamura, Tiffaney L Vincent, Toshihiko Imamura, Valentino Conter, Yanjing Tang, Yen-Chun Liu, Yunchao Chang, Zhaohui Gu, Zhongshan Cheng, Zhou Yinmei, Hiroto Inaba, Charles G Mullighan
PURPOSE: Gamma delta T-cell receptor-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (γδ T-ALL) is a high-risk but poorly characterized disease. METHODS: We studied clinical features of 200 pediatric γδ T-ALL, and compared the prognosis of 93 cases to 1,067 protocol-matched non-γδ T-ALL. Genomic features were defined by transcriptome and genome sequencing. Experimental modeling was used to examine the mechanistic impacts of genomic alterations...
November 8, 2023: medRxiv
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meredith Heily, Marie Gerdtz, Rebecca J Jarden, Celene Yl Yap, Jai Darvall, Andrew Ej Coventry, Amy Rogers, Julie Vernon, Rinaldo Bellomo
BACKGROUND: Anaesthetic emergence agitation among adult patients being recovered after open cardiac and/or thoracic aorta surgery has not been described. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to characterise emergence agitation in terms of incidence, clinical features, and consequences in a cohort of cardiac surgery patients being recovered in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: A prospective, observational pilot study was implemented...
October 31, 2023: Australian Critical Care: Official Journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses
#5
REVIEW
Nigel Armstrong, Andrew Olaye, Caro Noake, Francis Pang
OBJECTIVE: To understand the benefit-risk profile for historical and current treatments for MLD. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted on the effectiveness, safety, and costs of MLD treatments: allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and atidarsagene autotemcel (arsa-cel) according to best practice. RESULTS: A total of 6940 titles and abstracts were retrieved from the literature searches and 26 from other sources. From these, 35 manuscripts reporting on a total of 12 studies were selected for inclusion in the review...
August 29, 2023: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan D McHenry, Christopher Ej Moultrie, Andrew J Cadamy, Alasdair R Corfield, Daniel F Mackay, Jill P Pell
BACKGROUND: The Emergency Medical Retrieval Service (EMRS) has provided national pre-hospital critical care and aeromedical retrieval in Scotland since 2010. This study investigates trends in the service and patients attended over the last decade; and factors associated with clinical deterioration and pre-hospital death. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of all service taskings over ten years (2011-2020 inclusive). The EMRS electronic database provided data on location, sociodemographic factors, diagnoses, physiological measurements, clinical management, and pre-hospital deaths...
August 22, 2023: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Burke, Steven Flack, Rebecca L Jones, Richard J Aspinall, Michael A Heneghan, Doug Thorburn, David Ej Jones, Conor Braniff, Collette Thain, Andrew Yeoman, Joanna A Leithead, Palak Trivedi, George Mells, Laith Alrubaiy
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2023: Frontline Gastroenterology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Declet-Barreto, Andrew A Rosenberg
Policies to reduce greenhouse gases associated with electricity generation have been a major focus of public policy in the United States, but their implications for achieving environmental justice among historically overburdened communities inappropriately remains a marginal issue. In this study we address research gaps in historical and current ambient air emissions burdens in environmental justice communities from power plants participating in the Regional Greenhouse Gases Initiative (RGGI), the country's first market-based power sector emissions reduction program...
2022: PloS One
#9
COMMENT
Andrew Bryant, Theresa A Lawrie, Edmund J Fordham, Scott Mitchell
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 1, 2022: American Journal of Therapeutics
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keir Ej Philip, Feifei Bu, Michael I Polkey, Jamie Brown, Andrew Steptoe, Nicholas S Hopkinson, Daisy Fancourt
Background: Smoking is often colloquially considered "social". However, the actual relationship of smoking with current and future social isolation and loneliness is unclear. We therefore examined these relationships over a 12-year follow-up. Methods: In this cohort study, we used a nationally representative sample of community dwelling adults aged 50 years and over from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (N=8780) (45% male, mean(SD) age 67(10) years. We examined associations of self-reported smoking status at baseline assessment, with social isolation (low social contact, social disengagement, domestic isolation), and loneliness (3-item UCLA loneliness scale), measured at baseline, and follow-up at 4, 8 and 12 years, using ordinary least squares regression models...
March 2022: The Lancet regional health. Europe
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James G Jeffryes, Claudia Lerma-Ortiz, Filipe Liu, Alexey Golubev, Thomas D Niehaus, Mona Elbadawi-Sidhu, Oliver Fiehn, Andrew D Hanson, Keith Ej Tyo, Christopher S Henry
Spontaneous reactions between metabolites are often neglected in favor of emphasizing enzyme-catalyzed chemistry because spontaneous reaction rates are assumed to be insignificant under physiological conditions. However, synthetic biology and engineering efforts can raise natural metabolites' levels or introduce unnatural ones, so that previously innocuous or nonexistent spontaneous reactions become an issue. Problems arise when spontaneous reaction rates exceed the capacity of a platform organism to dispose of toxic or chemically active reaction products...
December 24, 2021: Metabolic Engineering
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander G S Oldroyd, Andrew B Allard, Jeffrey P Callen, Hector Chinoy, Lorinda Chung, David Fiorentino, Michael D George, Patrick Gordon, Kate Kolstad, Drew J B Kurtzman, Pedro M Machado, Neil J McHugh, Anna Postolova, Albert Selva-O'Callaghan, Jens Schmidt, Sarah Tansley, Ruth Ann Vleugels, Victoria P Werth, Rohit Aggarwal
OBJECTIVES: To identify clinical factors associated with cancer risk in the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) and to systematically review the existing evidence related to cancer screening. METHODS: A systematic literature search was carried out on Medline, Embase and Scopus. Cancer risk within the IIM population (i.e. not compared with the general population) was expressed as risk ratios (RR) for binary variables and weighted mean differences (WMD) for continuous variables...
June 18, 2021: Rheumatology
#13
REVIEW
James M Cleary, Andrew J Aguirre, Geoffrey I Shapiro, Alan D D'Andrea
Anti-cancer drugs targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) exploit genetic or functional defects in this pathway through synthetic lethal mechanisms. For example, defects in homologous recombination (HR) repair arise in cancer cells through inherited or acquired mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, or other genes in the Fanconi anemia/BRCA pathway, and these tumors have been shown to be particularly sensitive to inhibitors of the base excision repair (BER) protein poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Recent work has identified additional genomic and functional assays of DNA repair that provide new predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers for these targeted therapies...
June 18, 2020: Molecular Cell
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily J Walker, Robert J Aughey, Patrick McLaughlin, Andrew J McAinch
Walker, EJ, Aughey, RJ, McLaughlin, P, and McAinch, AJ. Seasonal change in body composition and physique of team sport athletes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-Body composition of team sport athletes was measured at 3 points across the preseason and competitive season. This repeated-measures study was conducted in 46 professional Australian football (AF) (age 23.8 ± 3.8 years), 26 soccer (age 22.7 ± 4.7 years), and 33 rugby union players (age 28.1 ± 4.2 years). A mixed-design analysis of variance was used to determine change across the season, and Pearson's correlation was used to determine the relationship between different measures...
January 16, 2020: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcus Colon, Andrew Hodgson, Eimear Donlon, James E J Murphy
Telomeres act as a mitotic clock and telomere-related senescence has been linked to age-related physiological decline. There is increasing evidence lifestyle factors can influence telomere length (TL). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of competitive triathlon training on TL. Seven competitive male triathletes and seven recreationally active males participated in the study. Relative TL was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Physiological parameters key to athletic performance such as maximal oxygen intake, lactate threshold, and running economy were also measured...
August 1, 2019: Journal of Aging and Physical Activity
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hideo Takahashi, Matthew T Allemang, Andrew T Strong, Mena Boules, Zubaidah Nor Hanipah, Alfredo D Guerron, Kevin El-Hayek, John H Rodriguez, Matthew D Kroh
BACKGROUND: With the worldwide epidemic of obesity, an increasing number of bariatric operations and antireflux fundoplications are being performed. Despite low morbidity of the primary foregut surgery, completion gastrectomy may be necessary as a definitive procedure for complications of prior foregut surgery; however, the literature evaluating outcomes after completion gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy (EJ) for benign diseases is limited. We present our experience of completion gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y EJ in the setting of benign disease at a single tertiary center...
August 2018: Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nana Pei, Yingying Mao, Pengfei Wan, Xinglu Chen, Andrew Li, Huiying Chen, Jinlong Li, Renqiang Wan, Yanling Zhang, Hongyan Du, Baihong Chen, Guangyu Jiang, Minghan Xia, Colin Sumners, Guixue Hu, Dongsheng Gu, Hongwei Li
BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BCa) is the ninth most common form of cancer in the world. There is a continuing need not only for improving the accuracy of diagnostic markers but also for the development of new treatment strategies. Recent studies have shown that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which include the angiotensin type 1 (AT1R), type 2(AT2R), and Mas receptors, play an important role in tumorigenesis and may guide us in meeting those needs. RESULTS: In this study, we first observed that AT1R and Mas expression levels were significantly upregulated in BCa specimens while AT2R was significantly downregulated...
June 9, 2017: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research: CR
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iago Pinal-Fernandez, Maria Casal-Dominguez, Julio A Huapaya, Jemima Albayda, Julie J Paik, Cheilonda Johnson, Leann Silhan, Lisa Christopher-Stine, Andrew L Mammen, Sonye K Danoff
Objective: The aim was to study the prevalence, rate of appearance and severity of clinical features in patients with different anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS) autoantibodies. Methods: All Johns Hopkins Myositis Longitudinal Cohort subjects positive for any ASyS autoantibodies were included. Clinical information, including symptoms, signs, strength, creatine kinase concentrations and pulmonary function tests, were prospectively collected. The standardized mortality and cancer rates and the rate of appearance and intensity of the different organ manifestations were assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis and compared between ASyS autoantibodies...
June 1, 2017: Rheumatology
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Matthews, James D Belcher, Kang Lan Tee, Hazel M Girvan, Kirsty J McLean, Stephen E J Rigby, Colin W Levy, David Leys, David A Parker, Richard T Blankley, Andrew W Munro
The Jeotgalicoccus sp. peroxygenase cytochrome P450 OleTJE (CYP152L1) is a hydrogen peroxide-driven oxidase that catalyzes oxidative decarboxylation of fatty acids, producing terminal alkenes with applications as fine chemicals and biofuels. Understanding mechanisms that favor decarboxylation over fatty acid hydroxylation in OleTJE could enable protein engineering to improve catalysis or to introduce decarboxylation activity into P450s with different substrate preferences. In this manuscript, we have focused on OleTJE active site residues Phe79 , His85 , and Arg245 to interrogate their roles in substrate binding and catalytic activity...
March 24, 2017: Journal of Biological Chemistry
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tatiana Kent, Timur D Rusanov, Trung M Hoang, Willem A Velema, Andrew T Krueger, William C Copeland, Eric T Kool, Richard T Pomerantz
DNA polymerase θ (Polθ) is a unique A-family polymerase that is essential for alternative end-joining (alt-EJ) of double-strand breaks (DSBs) and performs translesion synthesis. Because Polθ is highly expressed in cancer cells, confers resistance to ionizing radiation and chemotherapy agents, and promotes the survival of homologous recombination (HR) deficient cells, it represents a promising new cancer drug target. As a result, identifying substrates that are selective for this enzyme is a priority. Here, we demonstrate that Polθ efficiently and selectively incorporates into DNA large benzo-expanded nucleotide analogs (dxAMP, dxGMP, dxTMP, dxAMP) which exhibit canonical base-pairing and enhanced base stacking...
November 2, 2016: Nucleic Acids Research
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