Hepatitis b treatment adherence

BACKGROUND: With approximately one-third of the global population exhibiting serological evidence of exposure, the hepatitis B virus remains a serious public health threat. Elimination of hepatitis B faces enormous challenges, from prevention to diagnosis, treatment, and long-term monitoring. Nurses are pivotal in optimising the hepatitis B care continuum; however, their contributions have been neglected. OBJECTIVE: To identify the role of nurses in the elimination of hepatitis B and to synthesise the effectiveness of interventions with nursing roles in approaching the elimination target...

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection has far-reaching implications for patients' quality of life (QOL), regardless of cirrhosis or complications. However, limited research exists on the psychosocial impact of CHB, particularly in asymptomatic, noncirrhotic patients. Noncirrhotic CHB patients without comorbidities affecting QOL were evaluated in hepatology clinics. Patients underwent a standardized interview and completed the Short Form-12 (SF-12) questionnaire. Multiple social and psychological parameters were compared between patients receiving chronic treatment and untreated controls with HBeAg-negative chronic infections...

BACKGROUND: China is one of the countries that set the goal to eliminate mother-to-child transmission (EMTCT) of syphilis by a target date. Active screening for syphilis among pregnant women, followed by effective treatment of maternal syphilis, is critical for achieving the goal. The China health authority issued national implementation protocols to guide EMTCT practice in health facilities. METHODS: Within a cohort of infants born to mothers infected with syphilis, we obtained the data of regimens used for treatment of maternal syphilis from the National Information System of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV, Syphilis and Hepatitis B, and analysed the physician's treatment behaviour and its associated factors in a public hospital in Suzhou of China...

The increasing use of non-tenofovir containing antiretroviral regimens calls for renewed attention to the prevention and management of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in people with HIV (PWH). We retrospectively assessed adherence to HBV guidelines, including complete HBV screening in PWH. In people with HIV/HBV co-infection, this included HBV therapy, screening for hepatitis delta virus (HDV) and on-therapy virologic response monitoring. HIV/HBV co-infection in PWH was defined as the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at the last measurement before study entry or detectable HBV-DNA for ≥6 months...

In rural Uganda where birth dose vaccination for hepatitis B is not routine, we implemented a pilot program for preventing mother-to-child transmission that effectively identified women with high-risk hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and started antiviral treatment during pregnancy. Further work is required to enhance antiviral adherence through delivery to ensure effective prevention of vertical HBV transmission.

PURPOSE: HBV functional cure is an optimal treatment goal for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) at present and numerous new drugs aiming for HBV functional cure are in development. We carried out an internet-based survey to understand the treatment status, unmet needs, awareness of HBV functional cure and attitude toward related clinical trials among CHB patients in China. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An internet-based anonymous survey was conducted on CHB patients who reside in mainland China...

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Lifelong treatment with nucleotides/nucleoside antiviral agents is effective at suppressing HBV replication, however, adherence to daily therapy can be challenging. This review discusses recent advances in the development of long-acting formulations for HBV treatment and prevention, which could potentially improve adherence. Promising new compounds that target distinct steps of the virus life cycle are summarized...

BACKGROUND: Telementorship has emerged as an innovative strategy to decentralise medical knowledge and increase healthcare capacity across a wide range of disease processes. We report the global experience with telementorship to support healthcare workers delivering hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) care and treatment. METHODS: In early 2020, we conducted a survey of HBV and HCV telementorship programmes, followed by an in-depth interview with programme leads...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Treatment of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV) is monitored using plasma HIV viral load levels and CD4 counts. Patients with either immunological nonresponse (virological suppression achieved) or virological nonresponse (immune reconstitution achieved) are termed as having a discordant response. These patients are at higher risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related infections/diseases/neoplasms, non-AIDS-related illnesses (cardiovascular, neurological, renal, hepatic diseases), and all-cause death...

BACKGROUND: Finite nucleos(t)ide analogue (NUC) therapy has been proposed as an alternative treatment strategy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). AIM: To quantify the incidence of severe hepatitis flares following NUC cessation in everyday clinical practice. METHODS: This population-based cohort study enrolled 10,192 patients (male 71.7%, median age 50.9 years, cirrhosis 10.7%) who had received first-line NUCs for at least 1 year before discontinuing treatment...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Guidelines recommend biannual surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in hepatitis C individuals with cirrhosis if the HCC incidence rate is above 1.5 per 100 person-years (PY). However, the incidence threshold for surveillance in individuals who achieve a virologic cure is unknown. We estimated the HCC incidence rate above which routine HCC surveillance is cost-effective in this growing population of virologically cured hepatitis C individuals with cirrhosis or advanced fibrosis...

OBJECTIVES: We describe the preliminary results of bulevirtide compassionate use in patients with hepatitis B and delta virus (HBV/HDV)-related cirrhosis and clinically significant portal hypertension, including those living with HIV. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational study of consecutive patients. Clinical evaluation, liver function tests, bile acid levels, HDV-RNA, HBV-DNA, hepatitis B surface antigen, and liver and spleen stiffness were assessed at baseline and after treatment months 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, and 12...

To examine the management of bloodborne occupational exposure in a tertiary hospital in China. The prospective study was conducted at Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2016 and December 2019. Data on the blood-borne occupational exposure management was collected. A total of 460 exposures were reported. 40.22% exposures were from hepatitis B virus (HBV)-positive index patients.453 exposures were reported intime, and 371 cases received emergency management. 68/73 received timely prophylaxis...

Goals of the dental management of patients with active hepatitis B is to stabilize the patient until the active liver infection subsides and to defer all dental treatments until recovery. If treatment cannot be deferred during the active stage of the disease, consultation with the patient's physician is necessary to obtain information to avoid excessive bleeding, infection, or adverse drug reactions. Dental treatments of such patients should be carried out in an isolated operation room with adherence to the standard precautions to prevent cross-infection...

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate access to diagnosis, treatment and follow-up in patients with viral hepatitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODOLOGY: Patients who started treatment for hepatitis B and hepatitis C were included in the study and analyzed in two periods: before-pandemic and during-pandemic. Indication for treatment and frequency of laboratory follow-up was obtained from hospital records. A telephone survey was administered to evaluate treatment access and compliance...

BACKGROUND: Advances in treatment have enabled patients with haemophilia A to live longer and therefore may be subjected to comorbidities associated with ageing, in addition to disease-associated morbidities. There have been few reports to date on efficacy and safety of treatment specifically in patients with severe haemophilia A and comorbidities. OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy and safety of damoctocog alfa pegol prophylaxis in patients with severe haemophilia A aged ⩾40 years with comorbidities of interest...

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs for hepatitis B virus (HBV) are critical to reach the World Health Organization's 2030 HBV elimination goals. Despite demonstrated feasibility utilizing HIV infrastructure, HBV PMTCT programs are not implemented in many African settings, including in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). In a previous pilot of HBV PMTCT implementation in DRC's capital, Kinshasa, we observed low TDF metabolite levels at delivery among women with high-risk HBV who were given tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) antiviral therapy...

BACKGROUND: Ketogenic diet-induced weight loss before bariatric surgery (BS) has beneficial effects on the reduction in the liver volume, metabolic profile, and intra- and post-operative complications. However, these beneficial effects can be limited by poor dietary adherence. A potential solution in patients showing a poor adherence in following the prescribed diet could be represented by enteral nutrition strategies. To date, no studies describe the protocol to use for the efficacy and the safety of pre-operative enteral ketogenic nutrition-based dietary protocols in terms of weight reduction, metabolic efficacy, and safety in patients with obesity scheduled for BS...

Background and Objectives : Human immunodeficiency virus infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic are unquestionably the most serious public crisis of our time. Identifying, preventing, and treating HIV-associated comorbidities remains a challenge that must be addressed even in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Materials and Methods : In this study, we aimed to characterize the aspects of newly diagnosed patients with HIV/AIDS, during 2021-2022 in Northeastern Romania. We reviewed the frequency and associated comorbidities of these patients in correspondence with national and global results...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Despite effective direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence is high among people who inject drugs (PWIDs) and non-adherence to therapy remains a major obstacle towards HCV elimination in this subpopulation. To overcome this issue, we have combined ongoing opioid agonist therapy (OAT) with DAAs in a directly-observed therapy (DOT) setting. METHOD: From September 2014 until January 2021 PWIDs at high risk of non-adherence to DAA therapy, who were also on OAT, were included into this microelimination project...