keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512130/distinctive-whole-brain-cell-types-predict-tissue-damage-patterns-in-thirteen-neurodegenerative-conditions
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Veronika Pak, Quadri Adewale, Danilo Bzdok, Mahsa Dadar, Yashar Zeighami, Yasser Iturria-Medina
For over a century, brain research narrative has mainly centered on neuron cells. Accordingly, most neurodegenerative studies focus on neuronal dysfunction and their selective vulnerability, while we lack comprehensive analyses of other major cell types' contribution. By unifying spatial gene expression, structural MRI, and cell deconvolution, here we describe how the human brain distribution of canonical cell types extensively predicts tissue damage in 13 neurodegenerative conditions, including early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, mutations in presenilin-1, and 3 clinical variants of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (behavioral variant, semantic and non-fluent primary progressive aphasia) along with associated three-repeat and four-repeat tauopathies and TDP43 proteinopathies types A and C...
March 21, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509687/-sit-down-and-thrash-it-out-opportunities-for-expanding-ethics-consultation-during-conflict-resolution-in-long-term-care
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David N Hoffman, Gianna R Strand
OBJECTIVE: To identify the frequency and nature of care conflict dilemmas that United States long-term care providers encounter, response strategies, and use of ethics resources to assist with dispute resolution. DESIGN: An online cross-sectional survey was distributed to the Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine (AMDA). RESULTS: Two-thirds of participants, primarily medical directors, have rejected surrogate instructions and 71% have managed family conflict...
March 20, 2024: New Bioethics: a Multidisciplinary Journal of Biotechnology and the Body
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509587/ultrasensitive-and-multiple-biomarker-discrimination-for-alzheimer-s-disease-via-plasmonic-microfluidic-sensing-technologies
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lijiao Zu, Xicheng Wang, Peng Liu, Jiwei Xie, Xuejun Zhang, Weiru Liu, Zhencheng Li, Shiqing Zhang, Kaiwei Li, Ambra Giannetti, Wei Bi, Francesco Chiavaioli, Lei Shi, Tuan Guo
As the population ages, the worldwide prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as the most common dementia in the elderly is increasing dramatically. However, a long-term challenge is to achieve rapid and accurate early diagnosis of AD by detecting hallmarks such as amyloid beta (Aβ42 ). Here, a multi-channel microfluidic-based plasmonic fiber-optic biosensing platform is established for simultaneous detection and differentiation of multiple AD biomarkers. The platform is based on a gold-coated, highly-tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) and a custom-developed microfluidics...
March 20, 2024: Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500236/study-protocol-for-the-development-and-validation-of-a-clinical-prediction-tool-to-estimate-the-risk-of-1-year-mortality-among-hospitalized-patients-with-dementia
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Bonares, Stacey Fisher, Kieran Quinn, Kirsten Wentlandt, Peter Tanuseputro
BACKGROUND: Patients with dementia and their caregivers could benefit from advance care planning though may not be having these discussions in a timely manner or at all. A prognostic tool could serve as a prompt to healthcare providers to initiate advance care planning among patients and their caregivers, which could increase the receipt of care that is concordant with their goals. Existing prognostic tools have limitations. We seek to develop and validate a clinical prediction tool to estimate the risk of 1-year mortality among hospitalized patients with dementia...
March 19, 2024: Diagnostic and Prognostic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499658/phagostat-a-scalable-and-interpretable-end-to-end-framework-for-efficient-quantification-of-cell-phagocytosis-in-neurodegenerative-disease-studies
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehdi Ounissi, Morwena Latouche, Daniel Racoceanu
Quantifying the phagocytosis of dynamic, unstained cells is essential for evaluating neurodegenerative diseases. However, measuring rapid cell interactions and distinguishing cells from background make this task very challenging when processing time-lapse phase-contrast video microscopy. In this study, we introduce an end-to-end, scalable, and versatile real-time framework for quantifying and analyzing phagocytic activity. Our proposed pipeline is able to process large data-sets and includes a data quality verification module to counteract potential perturbations such as microscope movements and frame blurring...
March 18, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498721/progress-in-primary-progressive-aphasia-a-review
#26
REVIEW
Andrew Kertesz, Elizabeth Finger, David G Munoz
We present a review of the definition, classification, and epidemiology of primary progressive aphasia (PPA); an update of the taxonomy of the clinical syndrome of PPA; and recent advances in the neuroanatomy, pathology, and genetics of PPA, as well as the search for biomarkers and treatment. PPA studies that have contributed to concepts of language organization and disease propagation in neurodegeneration are also reviewed. In addition, the issues of heterogeneity versus the relationships of the clinical phenotypes and their relationship to biological, pathological, and genetic advances are discussed, as is PPA's relationship to other conditions such as frontotemporal dementia, corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, Pick disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis...
March 1, 2024: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology: Official Journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498242/community-preferences-for-the-care-of-older-people-at-the-end-of-life-how-important-is-the-disease-context
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patricia Kenny, Deborah J Street, Jane Hall, Meera R Agar, Jane Phillips
BACKGROUND: Population preferences for care at the end of life can inform palliative care policy and direction. Research investigating preferences for care at the end of life has focused predominantly on the context of advanced cancer, with relatively little attention to other life-limiting illnesses that are common causes of death. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate preferences for the care of older people at the end of life in three different disease contexts...
March 18, 2024: Patient
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497896/eeg-rhythmic-and-arrhythmic-spectral-components-and-functional-connectivity-at-resting-state-may-predict-the-development-of-synucleinopathies-in-idiopathic-rem-sleep-behavior-disorder
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Hernandez, J-M Lina, J Dubé, A Lafrenière, J-F Gagnon, J-Y Montplaisir, R B Postuma, J Carrier
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Idiopathic/isolated REM-sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) often precedes the onset of synucleinopathies. Here, we investigated whether baseline resting-state EEG advanced spectral power and functional connectivity differ between iRBD patients who converted towards a synucleinopathy at follow-up and those who did not. METHODS: Eighty-one participants with iRBD (66.89±6.91 years) underwent a baseline resting-state EEG recording, a neuropsychological assessment and a neurological examination...
March 18, 2024: Sleep
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496722/commentary-to-timely-dying-in-dementia-use-patients-judgments-and-broaden-the-concept-of-suffering-timely-dying-suffering-in-dementia-and-a-role-for-family-and-professional-caregivers-in-preventing-it
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jenny T van der Steen, Trijntje M Scheeres-Feitsma, Petruschka Schaafsma
Broadening the concept of suffering in dementia to five types of suffering including suffering of family caregivers as proposed by Terman et al., may help raise awareness on a need to relieve suffering when living with dementia and adopt a holistic approach. However, as objective criteria in advance care plans for severe enough suffering to stop assisted feeding or other life-sustaining treatment in people with advanced dementia, these still need interpretation in the context of, for example, available treatment, and change in coping...
2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496720/can-an-effective-end-of-life-intervention-for-advanced-dementia-be-viewed-as-moral
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stanley A Terman
Many people dread prolonged dying with suffering in the terminal illness, advanced dementia. To successfully facilitate a timely dying, advance directives must be effective and acceptable. This article considers whether authorities, including treating physicians, can accept as moral, the effective intervention that ceases caregivers' assistance with oral feeding and hydrating. The article presents eight criticisms and "alternate views" regarding ceasing assisted feeding/hydrating. It draws on perspectives from clinical medicine, law, ethics, and religion...
2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496719/responses-to-open-peer-commentaries-about-timely-dying-in-dementia-use-patients-judgments-and-broaden-the-concept-of-suffering-and-can-an-effective-end-of-life-intervention-for-advanced-dementia-be-viewed-as-moral
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stanley A Terman, Karl E Steinberg
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496718/fasting-to-stop-suffering-in-advanced-dementia
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Lawrence Allen
Many healthcare providers think withholding food and fluids from advance dementia patients, even if those patients requested that when competent, is immoral. This means such patients suffer unnecessarily long. Patients have the ethical right when capacitated to specify that they want assistance with food and drink stopped when they have advanced dementia. Physicians should implement these patient choices when advance dementia patients can no longer feed themselves. In some states there may be legal barriers to this practice...
2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496717/navigating-late-stage-dementia-a-perspective-from-the-alzheimer-s-association
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristen Clifford, Monica Moreno, Courtney M Kloske
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, a general term for memory loss and decline in other cognitive abilities enough to interfere with daily life. AD accounts for 60% to 80% of dementia cases. The late stage of AD tends to be the shortest stage and, on average, lasts 1 to 2 years. As this stage of the condition progresses, it requires continuous intensive long-term care and around-the-clock intensive care. The Alzheimer's Association stands firm in its commitment to supporting individuals living with AD and other dementia, their care partners, and their health-care providers as they navigate treatment and care decisions across the continuum of the disease...
2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496716/timely-dying-in-dementia-use-patients-judgments-and-broaden-the-concept-of-suffering
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stanley A Terman, Karl E Steinberg, Nathaniel Hinerman
Patients living with advanced dementia (PLADs) face several challenges to attain the goal of avoiding prolonged dying with severe suffering. One is how to determine when PLADs' current suffering becomes severe enough to cease all life-sustaining treatments, including withdrawing assistance with oral feeding and hydrating, a controversial order. This article broadens the concept of suffering by including suffering that cannot be observed contemporaneously and the suffering of loved ones. Four paradigm shifts operationalize these concepts...
2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496715/commentary-can-an-effective-end-of-life-intervention-for-advanced-dementia-be-viewed-as-moral
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trijntje M Scheeres-Feitsma, Petruschka Schaafsma, Jenny T van der Steen, Johannes J M van Delden
We comment on Dr. Terman's considerations on the moral justification of ceasing assisted feeding and hydration for people with advanced dementia. The core idea of his paper is that an advance directive can solve future dilemmas regarding assisted feeding. We submit that this static instrument is unfit for the complex and dynamic nature of assessing how to deal with refusals to eat, in particular for people with dementia. It overvalues the past in relation to the present situation and leaves no room for the possibility of changing wishes...
2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496713/broadening-the-concept-of-suffering-is-a-less-than-adequate-strategy-for-respecting-patients-in-advanced-dementia
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul T Menzel
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493589/the-effectiveness-of-continuing-professional-development-for-the-residential-long-term-care-workforce-a-systematic-review
#37
REVIEW
Giuseppe Aleo, Nicola Pagnucci, Niamh Walsh, Roger Watson, Deirdre Lang, Thomas Kearns, Mark White, Catherine Fitzgerald
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effectiveness of continuing professional development in residential long-term care. DESIGN: Systematic review. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health (CINAHL), and Web of Science. REVIEW METHODS: Empirical studies published between 2003 and 2023 describing the effectiveness of continuing professional development in long-term care were selected according to PRISMA guidelines...
March 14, 2024: Nurse Education Today
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489560/association-of-%C3%AE-amyloid-microglial-activation-cortical-thickness-and-metabolism-in-older-adults-without-dementia
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Cai, Dai Shi, Guoyu Lan, Linting Chen, Yanni Jiang, Liemin Zhou, Tengfei Guo
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Plasma β-amyloid42 (Aβ42 )/Aβ40 levels have shown promise in identifying Aβ-PET positive individuals. This study explored the concordance and discordance of plasma Aβ42 /Aβ40 positivity (Plasma±) with CSF Aβ42 /Aβ40 positivity (CSF±) and Aβ-PET positivity (PET±) in older adults without dementia. Associations of Aβ deposition, cortical thickness, glucose metabolism, and microglial activation were also investigated...
April 9, 2024: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489366/brain-hypothyroidism-silences-the-immune-response-of-microglia-in-alzheimer-s-disease-animal-model
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dong Kyu Kim, Hyunjung Choi, Woochan Lee, Hayoung Choi, Seok Beom Hong, June-Hyun Jeong, Jihui Han, Jong Won Han, Hoon Ryu, Jong-Il Kim, Inhee Mook-Jung
Thyroid hormone (TH) imbalance is linked to the pathophysiology of reversible dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is unclear whether tissue hypothyroidism occurs in the AD brain and how it affects on AD pathology. We find that decreased iodothyronine deiodinase 2 is correlated with hippocampal hypothyroidism in early AD model mice before TH alterations in the blood. TH deficiency leads to spontaneous activation of microglia in wild-type mice under nonstimulated conditions, resulting in lowered innate immune responses of microglia in response to inflammatory stimuli or amyloid-β...
March 15, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488173/an-age-friendly-approach-to-primary-care-in-an-academic-health-system
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Wismann, Keith Kleszynski, Dawn Jelinek, Rachel Hand, Brian Lich, Elizabeth Wickersham, Lee A Jennings
BACKGROUND: Age-friendly care, addressing what matters most, medications, mentation, and mobility, is a successful model for improving older adult care. We describe the initial outcomes of age-friendly care implementation in five primary care clinics in an academic health system. METHODS: In partnership with a regional quality improvement (QI) organization, we used practice facilitation to implement age-friendly care from July 2020 to June 2023. Clinic workflows and electronic health record (EHR) templates were modified to capture six QI measures for patients ≥65 years: Documenting what matters most to patients Advance care planning (ACP) Annual cognitive screening Caregiver referral to dementia community resources Fall-risk screening Co-prescription of opioid and sedative-hypnotic drugs Providers were alerted if patients had positive screens and given support tools for clinical decision-making...
March 15, 2024: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
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