Zein A T Azrak, Maie S Taha, Jayalakshmi Jagal, Amr Elsherbeny, Hulya Bayraktutan, Mohamed H H AbouGhaly, Ahmed H Elshafeey, Khaled Greish, Mohamed Haider
Carvedilol (CV), a β-blocker essential for treating cardiovascular diseases, faces bioavailability challenges due to poor water solubility and first-pass metabolism. This study developed and optimized chitosan (CS)-coated niosomes loaded with CV (CS/CV-NS) for intranasal (IN) delivery, aiming to enhance systemic bioavailability. Utilizing a Quality-by-Design (QbD) approach, the study investigated the effects of formulation variables, such as surfactant type, surfactant-to-cholesterol (CHOL) ratio, and CS concentration, on CS/CV-NS properties...
February 21, 2024: International Journal of Pharmaceutics