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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jorge Isla, Miguel Jácome-Flores, Juan M Arroyo, Pedro Jordano
Plant-animal mutualisms such as seed dispersal are key interactions for sustaining plant range shifts. It remains elusive whether the organization of interactions with seed dispersers is reconfigured along the expansion landscape template and, if so, whether its effects accelerate or slow colonization. Here we analyse plant-frugivore interactions in a scenario of rapid population expansion of a Mediterranean juniper. We combined network analyses with field surveys, sampling interactions between individual plants and frugivores by DNA-barcoding and phototrapping over two seasons...
May 31, 2023: Proceedings. Biological Sciences
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wesley Dáttilo, Pedro Luna, Rafael Villegas-Patraca
Although biological invasions are a common and intensively studied phenomenon, most studies often ignore the biotic interactions that invasive species play in the environment. Here, we evaluated how and why invasive plant species are interconnected within the overall frugivory network of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, an important global biodiversity hotspot. To do this, we used the recently published Atlantic Frugivory Dataset to build a meta-network (i.e., a general network made of several local networks) that included interactions between 703 native and invasive plant species and 331 frugivore species...
April 29, 2023: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Facundo X Palacio, Mariano Ordano
Urbanization is currently one of the trademarks of the Anthropocene, accelerating evolutionary processes and reshaping ecological interactions over short time scales. Species interactions represent a fundamental pillar of diversity that is being altered globally by anthropogenic change. Urban environments, despite their potential impact, have seldom been studied in relation to how they shape natural selection of phenotypic traits in multispecies interactions. Using a seed-dispersal mutualism as a study system, we estimated the regime and magnitude of phenotypic selection exerted by frugivores on fruit and seed traits across three plant populations with different degrees of urbanization (urban, semiurban, and rural)...
July 27, 2023: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samuel B Case, Corey E Tarwater
Exploitation competition occurs when one group of organisms reduces the availability of a resource for another group of organisms. For instance, plants produce a certain number of fruits for seed dispersal by fruit-eating animals (hereafter frugivores), and fruit consumption by one group of frugivores can reduce the number of fruits available for other frugivores. However, it is uncertain whether exploitation competition is common among frugivores, particularly in novel ecosystems, where food resources are generally thought to be abundant and invasive species are dietary generalists...
March 22, 2023: Ecology
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nina Beeby, Jessica M Rothman, Andrea L Baden
Animals' foraging behavior and dietary choices are, in part, driven by their ultimate function: to meet nutritional demands. However, depending on their degree of dietary specialization and the availability and distribution of food resources in their environment, species may utilize different nutritional strategies. With shifting plant phenology, increasing unpredictability of fruiting, and declining food quality in response to anthropogenic climate change, existing nutritional constraints may become exacerbated...
March 9, 2023: American Journal of Primatology
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Damie Pak, Varun Swamy, Patricia Alvarez-Loayza, Fernando Cornejo-Valverde, Simon A Queenborough, Margaret R Metz, John Terborgh, Renato Valencia, S Joseph Wright, Nancy C Garwood, Jesse R Lasky
Phenology has long been hypothesized as an avenue for niche partitioning or interspecific facilitation, both promoting species coexistence. Tropical plant communities exhibit striking diversity in reproductive phenology, but many are also noted for large synchronous reproductive events. Here we study whether the phenology of seed fall in such communities is non-random, what are the temporal scales of phenological patterns, and ecological factors that drive reproductive phenology. We applied multivariate wavelet analyses to test for phenological synchrony versus compensatory dynamics (i...
March 8, 2023: Ecology
#27
Wei E Gordon, Seungbyn Baek, Hai P Nguyen, Yien-Ming Kuo, Rachael Bradley, Alex Galazyuk, Insuk Lee, Melissa R Ingala, Nancy B Simmons, Tony Schountz, Lisa Noelle Cooper, Ilias Georgakopoulos-Soares, Martin Hemberg, Nadav Ahituv
Frugivory evolved multiple times in mammals, including bats. However, the cellular and molecular components driving it remain largely unknown. Here, we used integrative single-cell sequencing on insectivorous and frugivorous bat kidneys and pancreases and identified key cell population, gene expression and regulatory element differences associated with frugivorous adaptation that also relate to human disease, particularly diabetes. We found an increase in collecting duct cells and differentially active genes and regulatory elements involved in fluid and electrolyte balance in the frugivore kidney...
February 13, 2023: bioRxiv
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard J Hazell, Katerina Sam, Rachakonda Sreekar, Samson Yama, Wulan Koagouw, Alan J A Stewart, Mika R Peck
Birds constitute one of the most important seed dispersal agents globally, especially in the tropics. The feeding preferences of frugivorous birds are, therefore, potentially of great ecological importance. A number of laboratory-based and observational studies have attempted to ascertain the preferences of certain bird species for certain fruit traits. However, little attention has been paid to community-wide preferences of frugivorous birds and the impact this may have on fruit traits on a broader scale. Here, we used artificial fruits of different colors and sizes to investigate community-wide fruit trait preferences of birds at three sites along an elevational gradient in Papua New Guinea...
February 2023: Ecology and Evolution
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Facundo X Palacio, J Francisco Cataudela, D Montalti, M Ordano
PREMISE: In fleshy-fruited plants, fruit removal is widely used as a proxy for plant reproductive success. Nevertheless, this proxy may not accurately reflect the number of seeds dispersed, an assumed better proxy for total fitness (fruit removal × mean number of seeds dispersed per fruit). METHODS: We examined under what circumstances fruit removal can be reliable as a proxy for total fitness when assessing bird-mediated selection on fruit traits. In three populations of the Blue Passionflower (Passiflora caerulea), we used the number of fruits pecked per plant as a surrogate for fruit removal to estimate phenotypic selection on fruit and seed traits, and simulations of the effect of the fruit-seed number trade-off on the number of fruits removed...
January 27, 2023: American Journal of Botany
#30
REVIEW
Sebastián Cordero, Francisca Gálvez, Francisco E Fontúrbel
Exotic species are one of the main threats to biodiversity, leading to alterations in the structure and functioning of natural ecosystems. However, they can sometimes also provide ecological services, such as seed dispersal. Therefore, we assessed the ecological impacts of exotic species on native dispersal systems and the mechanisms underlying the disruption of mutualistic plant-disperser interactions. Exotic species negatively affect dispersal mutualisms by (i) altering dispersal behavior and visitation rates of native dispersers, (ii) predating native dispersers, (iii) transmitting forest pathogens, and (iv) predating seeds...
January 5, 2023: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Scharnagl, Mark A Genung, Liza M Holeski, Nicholas J Kooyers
Although chemical defenses and herbivore pressure are widely established as key targets and agents of selection, their roles in local adaptation and determining potential evolutionary responses to changing climates are often neglected. Here, we explore fitness differences between 11 rangewide M. guttatus populations in a field common garden experiment and assess the agents and targets of selection driving relative fitness patterns. We use piecewise structural equation models to disentangle associations between chemical defenses, (phenylpropanoid glycosides; PPGs), and life history traits with herbivory and fitness...
December 8, 2022: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ademir Kleber M DE Oliveira, Rosemary Matias, Richard Matheus Fernandes, José Carlos Pina
Endozoochory refers to the ingestion of fruits by animals and their release through faeces as it plays an important role in maintaining ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cumbaru fruit ingestion by tapirs on cumbaru seed germination. In latrines, fruits ingested and excreted by the animals were collected among tapir faeces. The collected material was taken to the laboratory and placed in a germination chamber and greenhouse. Fruit ingestion and its subsequent defection propitiated a higher germination rate and germination vigor compared to non-ingested fruit grown in a germination chamber and greenhouse...
2022: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Therese Lamperty, Berry J Brosi
Many tropical seed-dispersing frugivores are facing extinction, but the consequences of the loss of endangered frugivores for seed dispersal is not well understood. We investigated the role of frugivore endangerment status via robustness-to-coextinction simulations (in this context, more accurately described as robustness-to-partner-loss simulations) using data from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot. By simulating the extinction of endangered frugivores, we found a rapid and disproportionate loss of tree species with dispersal partners in the network, and this surprisingly surpassed any other frugivore extinction scenario, including the loss of the most generalist frugivores first...
October 12, 2022: Proceedings. Biological Sciences
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark Grabowski, Bjørn T Kopperud, Masahito Tsuboi, Thomas F Hansen
Increased brain size in humans and other primates is hypothesized to confer cognitive benefits but brings costs associated with growing and maintaining energetically expensive neural tissue. Previous studies have argued that changes in either diet or levels of sociality led to shifts in brain size, but results were equivocal. Here we test these hypotheses using phylogenetic comparative methods designed to jointly account for and estimate the effects of adaptation and phylogeny. Using the largest current sample of primate brain and body sizes with observation error, complemented by newly compiled diet and sociality data, we show that both diet and sociality have influenced the evolution of brain size...
December 1, 2022: Systematic Biology
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Omer Nevo, Kim Valenta, Annabella Helman, Jörg U Ganzhorn, Manfred Ayasse
BACKGROUND: Fleshy fruits evolved to be attractive to seed dispersers through various signals such as color and scent. Signals can evolve through different trajectories and have various degrees of reliability. The strongest substrate on which reliable signals can evolve is when there is an inherent link between signal and reward, rendering cheating costly or impossible. It was recently proposed that aliphatic esters in fruit scent may be predictive of sugar content due to their synthesis from products of sugar fermentation...
November 30, 2022: BMC ecology and evolution
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clémentine Durand-Bessart, Norbert Cordeiro, Colin Chapman, Katharine Abernethy, Pierre-Michel Forget, Colin Fontaine, François Bretagnolle
Frugivory in tropical forests is a major ecological process as most tree species rely on frugivores to disperse their seeds. However, the underlying mechanisms driving frugivore-plant networks remain understudied. Here, we evaluate the data available on the Afrotropical frugivory-network to identify structural properties, as well as assess knowledge gaps. We assembled a database of frugivory interactions from the literature with >10,000 links, between 807 tree and 285 frugivore species. We analysed the network structure using a blockmodel that groups species with similar interaction patterns and estimates interaction probabilities among them...
November 14, 2022: New Phytologist
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucas P Martins, Daniel B Stouffer, Pedro G Blendinger, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, Galo Buitrón-Jurado, Marta Correia, José Miguel Costa, D Matthias Dehling, Camila I Donatti, Carine Emer, Mauro Galetti, Ruben Heleno, Pedro Jordano, Ícaro Menezes, José Carlos Morante-Filho, Marcia C Muñoz, Eike Lena Neuschulz, Marco Aurélio Pizo, Marta Quitián, Roman A Ruggera, Francisco Saavedra, Vinicio Santillán, Virginia Sanz D'Angelo, Matthias Schleuning, Luís Pascoal da Silva, Fernanda Ribeiro da Silva, Sérgio Timóteo, Anna Traveset, Maximilian G R Vollstädt, Jason M Tylianakis
Species interactions can propagate disturbances across space via direct and indirect effects, potentially connecting species at a global scale. However, ecological and biogeographic boundaries may mitigate this spread by demarcating the limits of ecological networks. We tested whether large-scale ecological boundaries (ecoregions and biomes) and human disturbance gradients increase dissimilarity among plant-frugivore networks, while accounting for background spatial and elevational gradients and differences in network sampling...
November 14, 2022: Nature Communications
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guillermo C Amico, Agustina di Virgilio, Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann, Marcelo A Aizen
Fruit traits have historically been interpreted as plant adaptations to their seed dispersers. On the other hand, different environmental factors, which vary spatially and temporally, can shape fruit-trait variation. The mistletoe Tristerix corymbosus has a latitudinal distribution along the South American Pacific rim that encompasses two different biomes, the matorral of central Chile and the temperate forest that extends south of the matorral. This mistletoe shows contrasting fruiting phenology (spring vs summer), fruit color (yellow vs green), and seed dispersers (birds vs marsupial) in these two biomes...
November 11, 2022: Oecologia
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Timothy M Eppley, Selwyn Hoeks, Colin A Chapman, Jörg U Ganzhorn, Katie Hall, Megan A Owen, Dara B Adams, Néstor Allgas, Katherine R Amato, McAntonin Andriamahaihavana, John F Aristizabal, Andrea L Baden, Michela Balestri, Adrian A Barnett, Júlio César Bicca-Marques, Mark Bowler, Sarah A Boyle, Meredith Brown, Damien Caillaud, Cláudia Calegaro-Marques, Christina J Campbell, Marco Campera, Fernando A Campos, Tatiane S Cardoso, Xyomara Carretero-Pinzón, Jane Champion, Óscar M Chaves, Chloe Chen-Kraus, Ian C Colquhoun, Brittany Dean, Colin Dubrueil, Kelsey M Ellis, Elizabeth M Erhart, Kayley J E Evans, Linda M Fedigan, Annika M Felton, Renata G Ferreira, Claudia Fichtel, Manuel L Fonseca, Isadora P Fontes, Vanessa B Fortes, Ivanyr Fumian, Dean Gibson, Guilherme B Guzzo, Kayla S Hartwell, Eckhard W Heymann, Renato R Hilário, Sheila M Holmes, Mitchell T Irwin, Steig E Johnson, Peter M Kappeler, Elizabeth A Kelley, Tony King, Christoph Knogge, Flávia Koch, Martin M Kowalewski, Liselot R Lange, M Elise Lauterbur, Edward E Louis, Meredith C Lutz, Jesús Martínez, Amanda D Melin, Fabiano R de Melo, Tsimisento H Mihaminekena, Monica S Mogilewsky, Leandro S Moreira, Letícia A Moura, Carina B Muhle, Mariana B Nagy-Reis, Marilyn A Norconk, Hugh Notman, M Teague O'Mara, Julia Ostner, Erik R Patel, Mary S M Pavelka, Braulio Pinacho-Guendulain, Leila M Porter, Gilberto Pozo-Montuy, Becky E Raboy, Vololonirina Rahalinarivo, Njaratiana A Raharinoro, Zafimahery Rakotomalala, Gabriel Ramos-Fernández, Delaïd C Rasamisoa, Jonah Ratsimbazafy, Maholy Ravaloharimanitra, Josia Razafindramanana, Tojotanjona P Razanaparany, Nicoletta Righini, Nicola M Robson, Jonas da Rosa Gonçalves, Justin Sanamo, Nicole Santacruz, Hiroki Sato, Michelle L Sauther, Clara J Scarry, Juan Carlos Serio-Silva, Sam Shanee, Poliana G A de Souza Lins, Andrew C Smith, Sandra E Smith Aguilar, João Pedro Souza-Alves, Vanessa Katherinne Stavis, Kim J E Steffens, Anita I Stone, Karen B Strier, Scott A Suarez, Maurício Talebi, Stacey R Tecot, M Paula Tujague, Kim Valenta, Sarie Van Belle, Natalie Vasey, Robert B Wallace, Gilroy Welch, Patricia C Wright, Giuseppe Donati, Luca Santini
Among mammals, the order Primates is exceptional in having a high taxonomic richness in which the taxa are arboreal, semiterrestrial, or terrestrial. Although habitual terrestriality is pervasive among the apes and African and Asian monkeys (catarrhines), it is largely absent among monkeys of the Americas (platyrrhines), as well as galagos, lemurs, and lorises (strepsirrhines), which are mostly arboreal. Numerous ecological drivers and species-specific factors are suggested to set the conditions for an evolutionary shift from arboreality to terrestriality, and current environmental conditions may provide analogous scenarios to those transitional periods...
October 18, 2022: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter Jeffrey Williams, Anna K Moeller, Alys Granados, Henry Bernard, Robert C Ong, Jedediah F Brodie
Patterns of co-occurrence among species can help reveal the structure and assembly of ecological communities. However, studies have been limited by measuring co-occurrence in either space or time but not both simultaneously. This is especially problematic in systems such as masting forests where resources are highly variable, meaning that spatial use and co-occurrence patterns can change on fine spatiotemporal scales. We develop an analytical framework for assessing species co-occurrence at fine spatial and temporal scales simultaneously and apply these models to a camera trapping dataset from Borneo...
October 2022: Oecologia
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