children hospital

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic have impacts on the prevalence of other pathogens and people's social lifestyle. This study aimed to compare the pathogen, allergen and micronutrient characteristics of pediatric inpatients with pneumonia prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China. METHODS: Patients with pneumonia admitted to the Department of Pediatric Pulmonology of Xinhua Hospital between March-August 2019 and March-August 2020 were recruited...

BACKGROUND: The discontinuation of "Mother-Baby Friendly" accreditation, coupled with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, has contributed to reduced breastfeeding rates observed in parts of South Africa. Consequently, the Child, Youth and School Health cluster of the National Department of Health, with support from the World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund, organised a Mother-Baby Friendly initiative revitalisation workshop. METHODS: Held in Johannesburg, South Africa, on June 29-30, 2022, the workshop brought together local and international breastfeeding promotion experts to engage on issues related to the revitalisation of the Mother-Baby Friendly Initiative...

OBJECTIVES: Continuous curriculum improvements reveal the dedication of policy-makers to raising the quality of education and student learning. This study aims to report the impact of curriculum changes to the three-month pediatric course curriculum at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU) on the satisfaction levels of medical students. METHODS: One hundred eighteen 4th -5th years medical students, who had completed their pediatric clinical rotation in SBMU-affiliated teaching hospitals including Mofid Children Hospital, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, and Imam Hossein Hospital from January to December 2022 were included in this cross-sectional study...

BACKGROUND: Adenovirus (ADV) is a prevalent infective virus in children, accounting for around 5-10% of all cases of acute respiratory illnesses and 4-15% of pneumonia cases in children younger than five years old. Without treatment, severe ADV pneumonia could result in fatality rates of over 50% in cases of emerging strains or disseminated disease. This study aims to uncover the relationship of clinical indicators with primary ADV infection severity, regarding duration of hospitalization and liver injury...

BACKGROUND: Chronic migraine (CM) negatively impacts the quality of life of 2 to 4% of pediatric patients. In adults, CM is frequently linked to medication overuse headache (MOH), but there is a much lower prevalence of MOH in children. A suboptimal response to acute therapies may lead to their reduced use, thus preventing MOH development in children and adolescents. The frequency of patients with CM who do not respond to acute therapies was examined in the present study. We investigated whether the prevalence of MOH was different between responders and non-responders...

OBJECTIVE: To determine (i) the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children presenting to all EDs in a large regional Australian city and (ii) whether age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES) or hospital setting (public vs private) were associated with overweight and obesity. METHODS: This prospective observational study included children aged ≥2 and <18 years who presented to any of three EDs over an 18 month period who had their height and weight measured...

BACKGROUND: Obesity is an important cause for the precocious or early puberty. However, the association between obesity-related loci and the risk of precocious puberty as well as the effect of gene-environment interaction are unclear, especially in the Chinese children population. METHODS: This was a case-control study using baseline data from two cohorts and hospital cases in China. 15 SNPs loci and several environmental factors were included in the analysis of 1201 participants...

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant morbidity and mortality in children aged ≤ 5 years and adults aged ≥ 60 years worldwide. Despite this, RSV-specific therapeutic options are limited. Rilematovir is an investigational, orally administered inhibitor of RSV fusion protein-mediated viral entry. OBJECTIVE: To establish the antiviral activity, clinical outcomes, safety, and tolerability of rilematovir (low or high dose) in children aged ≥ 28 days and ≤ 3 years with RSV disease...

PROBLEM: Self-stigma in parents of children with mental illness is an area easily overlooked by mental health providers. Many studies have shown that self-stigma in parents may result in social interaction avoidance, lower self-esteem, increased psychological pressure, and so on. However, a comprehensive picture of how parents of children with mental illness in China experience self-stigma is lacking. METHODS: Individual semistructured face-to-face interviews were conducted with 20 parents from China during their child's psychiatric hospitalization...

BACKGROUND: Post streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) patients have favorable prognosis, in which most patients showed full recovery in terms of kidney function. However, there is a slight chance ranging from 3 to 6% that PSAGN patients develop chronic kidney diseasewhich may progress into end-stage kidney disease in later life. It is important to identify the factors that can predict the development of chronic glomerulonephritis following PSAGN. Therefore, early intervention can be performed to halt the progression of chronic kidney disease...

OBJECTIVES: To validate the efficacy and safety of withholding antimicrobial therapy in a new cohort of children with cancer and febrile neutropenia (FN) having a demonstrated viral respiratory tract infection (RTI). METHODS: Prospective, multicenter, non-inferiority, randomized study, approved by the ethical committee, in children presenting with FN at seven hospitals in Chile, evaluated at admission for diagnosis of bacterial and viral pathogens. Children who were positive for a respiratory virus (RV), negative for a bacterial pathogen and had a favorable evolution after 48-72 hours of antimicrobial therapy were randomized to either maintain or withhold antimicrobial therapy...

BACKGROUND: Information on the causes of deaths from diarrhoea in children younger than 5 years is needed to design improved preventive and therapeutic approaches. We aimed to conduct a systematic analysis of studies to report estimates of the causes of deaths from diarrhoea in children younger than 5 years at global and regional levels during 2000-21. METHODS: For this systematic review and Bayesian multinomial analysis, we included 12 pathogens with the highest attributable incidence in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study...

BACKGROUND: As a rule, newborns do not require special medical care. If unexpected complications occur peripartum or postpartum, support from and transport to specialised neonatal hospitals might be needed. METHODS: In a retrospective study, all transport protocols of a supraregional paediatric‑neonatological maximum care hospital in northwestern Germany from 01.10.2018 through 30.09.2021 were analysed. The particular focus was on transports of newborns (<7 days) and the leading symptoms that led to contact...

BACKGROUND: Vancomycin (VAN) protein binding in plasma is influenced by illness and age; hence, doses titrated according to total concentrations are fraught. In this study, model-estimated free VAN concentrations (EFVC) were compared with assumed free VAN concentrations (AFVC) in neonates, children, and adults in the intensive care unit and those on dialysis. METHODS: Patient cohorts were identified from the hospital database. Demographics, clinical characteristics, total VAN concentrations, and laboratory variables were obtained from electronic health records...

In adults, monocytes and neutrophils play important roles in the hyper-inflammatory responses' characteristic of severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We assessed leukocyte activation in 55 children attending the emergency department for acute fever between March 2020 and September 2021. The following markers were analyzed by flow cytometry: CD169 and HLA-DR on monocytes, CD64 and CD16 on neutrophils, CD38 on lymphocytes TCD8. Fifteen of the children had SARS-CoV-2 infection, 15 had bacterial infections, 15 had inflammatory diseases...

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic bone disease of premature infants is a rare complication characterized by a lower mineral content in bone tissue. OBJECTIVE: To establish the incidence of metabolic bone disease in premature infants and to determine associated risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We conducted a descriptive prospective cohort study for one year in all newborns under 32 gestational weeks, or 1,500 g, at the Hospital Universitario de Santander to determine the incidence of metabolic bone disease...

Paraquat®, or N,N′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride, is a bipyridyl compound used as a non-selective herbicide and desiccant that can cause acute poisoning through all routes of exposure. There is no known antidote, and the available treatments are based on avoiding its absorption and timely removing it, in adults and children. We describe a case series of 14 pediatric patients from the department of Cauca, Colombia, with acute intoxication after oral intake of paraquat. Patients were referred to a medium-high complexity hospital in southwestern Colombia and treated according to an institutional protocol for acute paraquat poisoning...

Introduction. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many countries experienced decreased respiratory virus circulation, followed by an out-of-season outbreak. In a pediatric hospital in Colombia, we observed a surge in severe adenovirus infections, leading to concerns about the impact of eased public health restrictions and immune debt in children under five years old. Objective. To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with severe adenovirus infection in a pediatric hospital in Colombia. Materials and methods...

AIM: This study aims to gauge the level of awareness among parents about the importance, timing, and benefits of early orthodontic assessments for their children. MATERIALS: A questionnaire consisting of 12 questions was created through Google Forms to measure the knowledge about early orthodontic treatment and consultation with the parents of 1821 patients aged 6-11 years admitted to the paediatric service of a training and research hospital and filled out by the parents...

BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is widely used for children treated for refractory respiratory failures or refractory cardiogenic shock. Its duration depends on organ functions recovery. Weaning is decided using macro-circulatory tools, but microcirculation is not well evaluated. Sidestream dark-field video imaging is used to assess the perfusion of the sublingual microvascular vessels. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of microcirculatory indices in ECMO weaning...