keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536917/sensitive-detection-of-multiple-blood-biomarkers-via-immunomagnetic-exosomal-pcr-for-the-diagnosis-of-alzheimer-s-disease
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shun Hu, Liding Zhang, Ying Su, Xiaohan Liang, Jie Yang, Qingming Luo, Haiming Luo
Blood exosomes are emerging as potential biomarkers for diagnosing brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is currently a lack of an ultrasensitive technology for identifying core AD biomarkers in blood exosomes to optimize the utility of biomarkers in clinical practice. Here, an immunomagnetic exosomal polymerase chain reaction (iMEP) platform was developed using DNA-conjugated antibodies for the rapid detection of amyloid-β (Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 ) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau396,404 and p-tau181 ) in clinical blood exosomes...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536916/a-different-interpretation-of-the-diana-fmri-signal
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valerie Doan Phi Van, Sajal Sen, Alan Jasanoff
Direct detection of neural activity by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been a longstanding goal in neuroscience. A recent study argued that it is possible to detect neuroelectrical potentials using a specialized fMRI scanning approach the authors termed "direct imaging of neuronal activity" (DIANA). We implemented DIANA in anesthetized rats and measured responses to somatosensory stimulation, reproducing core findings of the original study. We show, however, that neural activity is neither sufficient nor necessary to produce such results...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536915/multiple-parallel-cell-lineages-in-the-developing-mammalian-cerebral-cortex
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucia Del-Valle-Anton, Salma Amin, Daniela Cimino, Florian Neuhaus, Elena Dvoretskova, Virginia Fernández, Yigit K Babal, Cristina Garcia-Frigola, Anna Prieto-Colomina, Raquel Murcia-Ramón, Yuki Nomura, Adrián Cárdenas, Chao Feng, Juan Antonio Moreno-Bravo, Magdalena Götz, Christian Mayer, Víctor Borrell
Cortical neurogenesis follows a simple lineage: apical radial glia cells (RGCs) generate basal progenitors, and these produce neurons. How this occurs in species with expanded germinal zones and a folded cortex, such as human, remains unclear. We used single-cell RNA sequencing from individual cortical germinal zones in ferret and barcoded lineage tracking to determine the molecular diversity of progenitor cells and their lineages. We identified multiple RGC classes that initiate parallel lineages, converging onto a common class of newborn neuron...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536914/egfr-targeting-phostacs-as-a-dual-inhibitory-approach-reveals-differential-downstream-signaling
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhenyi Hu, Po-Han Chen, Wenxue Li, Mackenzie Krone, Sijin Zheng, Jacques Saarbach, Ines Urquizo Velasco, John Hines, Yansheng Liu, Craig M Crews
We recently developed a heterobifunctional approach [phosphorylation targeting chimeras (PhosTACs)] to achieve the targeted protein dephosphorylation (TPDephos). Here, we envisioned combining the inhibitory effects of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) and the active dephosphorylation by phosphatases to achieve dual inhibition of kinases. We report an example of tyrosine phosphatase-based TPDephos and the effective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine dephosphorylation. We also used phosphoproteomic approaches to study the signaling transductions affected by PhosTAC-related molecules at the proteome-wide level...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536913/cardiac-tissue-model-of-immune-induced-dysfunction-reveals-the-role-of-free-mitochondrial-dna-and-the-therapeutic-effects-of-exosomes
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rick Xing Ze Lu, Naimeh Rafatian, Yimu Zhao, Karl T Wagner, Erika L Beroncal, Bo Li, Carol Lee, Jingan Chen, Eryn Churcher, Daniel Vosoughi, Chuan Liu, Ying Wang, Andrew Baker, Uriel Trahtemberg, Bowen Li, Agostino Pierro, Ana C Andreazza, Claudia C Dos Santos, Milica Radisic
Despite tremendous progress in the development of mature heart-on-a-chip models, human cell-based models of myocardial inflammation are lacking. Here, we bioengineered a vascularized heart-on-a-chip with circulating immune cells to model severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced acute myocarditis. We observed hallmarks of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-induced myocardial inflammation, as the presence of immune cells augmented the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, triggered progressive impairment of contractile function, and altered intracellular calcium transients...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536912/no-replication-of-direct-neuronal-activity-related-diana-fmri-in-anesthetized-mice
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sang-Han Choi, Geun Ho Im, Sangcheon Choi, Xin Yu, Peter A Bandettini, Ravi S Menon, Seong-Gi Kim
Direct imaging of neuronal activity (DIANA) by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) could be a revolutionary approach for advancing systems neuroscience research. To independently replicate this observation, we performed fMRI experiments in anesthetized mice. The blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) response to whisker stimulation was reliably detected in the primary barrel cortex before and after DIANA experiments; however, no DIANA-like fMRI peak was observed in individual animals' data with the 50 to 300 trials...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536911/select-ezh2-inhibitors-enhance-viral-mimicry-effects-of-dnmt-inhibition-through-a-mechanism-involving-nfat-ap-1-signaling
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alison A Chomiak, Rochelle L Tiedemann, Yanqing Liu, Xiangqian Kong, Ying Cui, Ashley K Wiseman, Kate E Thurlow, Evan M Cornett, Michael J Topper, Stephen B Baylin, Scott B Rothbart
DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) efficacy in solid tumors is limited. Colon cancer cells exposed to DNMTi accumulate lysine-27 trimethylation on histone H3 (H3K27me3). We propose this Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2)-dependent repressive modification limits DNMTi efficacy. Here, we show that low-dose DNMTi treatment sensitizes colon cancer cells to select EZH2 inhibitors (EZH2is). Integrative epigenomic analysis reveals that DNMTi-induced H3K27me3 accumulates at genomic regions poised with EZH2. Notably, combined EZH2i and DNMTi alters the epigenomic landscape to transcriptionally up-regulate the calcium-induced nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT):activating protein 1 (AP-1) signaling pathway...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536910/changes-in-an-enzyme-ensemble-during-catalysis-observed-by-high-resolution-xfel-crystallography
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nathan Smith, Medhanjali Dasgupta, David C Wych, Cole Dolamore, Raymond G Sierra, Stella Lisova, Darya Marchany-Rivera, Aina E Cohen, Sébastien Boutet, Mark S Hunter, Christopher Kupitz, Frédéric Poitevin, Frank R Moss, David W Mittan-Moreau, Aaron S Brewster, Nicholas K Sauter, Iris D Young, Alexander M Wolff, Virendra K Tiwari, Nivesh Kumar, David B Berkowitz, Ryan G Hadt, Michael C Thompson, Alec H Follmer, Michael E Wall, Mark A Wilson
Enzymes populate ensembles of structures necessary for catalysis that are difficult to experimentally characterize. We use time-resolved mix-and-inject serial crystallography at an x-ray free electron laser to observe catalysis in a designed mutant isocyanide hydratase (ICH) enzyme that enhances sampling of important minor conformations. The active site exists in a mixture of conformations, and formation of the thioimidate intermediate selects for catalytically competent substates. The influence of cysteine ionization on the ICH ensemble is validated by determining structures of the enzyme at multiple pH values...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536909/atom-by-atom-imaging-of-moir%C3%A3-transformations-in-2d-transition-metal-dichalcogenides
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yichao Zhang, Ji-Hwan Baek, Chia-Hao Lee, Yeonjoon Jung, Seong Chul Hong, Gillian Nolan, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Gwan-Hyoung Lee, Pinshane Y Huang
Understanding the atomic-scale mechanisms that govern the structure of interfaces is critical across materials systems but particularly so for two-dimensional (2D) moiré materials. Here, we image, atom-by-atom, the thermally induced structural evolution of twisted bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides using in situ transmission electron microscopy. We observe low-temperature, local conversion of moiré superlattice into nanoscale aligned domains. Unexpectedly, this process occurs by nucleating a new grain within one monolayer, whose crystal orientation is templated by the other...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536908/tisb-protein-is-the-single-molecular-determinant-underlying-multiple-downstream-effects-of-ofloxacin-in-escherichia-coli
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julien Cayron, Thierry Oms, Tatjana Schlechtweg, Safia Zedek, Laurence Van Melderen
Bactericidal antibiotics can cause metabolic perturbations that contribute to antibiotic-induced lethality. The molecular mechanism underlying these downstream effects remains unknown. Here, we show that ofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone that poisons DNA gyrase, induces a cascade of metabolic changes that are dependent on an active SOS response. We identified the SOS-regulated TisB protein as the unique molecular determinant responsible for cytoplasmic condensation, proton motive force dissipation, loss of pH homeostasis, and H2 O2 accumulation in Escherichia coli cells treated with high doses of ofloxacin...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536907/food-matters-dietary-shifts-increase-the-feasibility-of-1-5%C3%A2-c-pathways-in-line-with-the-paris-agreement
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Florian Humpenöder, Alexander Popp, Leon Merfort, Gunnar Luderer, Isabelle Weindl, Benjamin Leon Bodirsky, Miodrag Stevanović, David Klein, Renato Rodrigues, Nico Bauer, Jan Philipp Dietrich, Hermann Lotze-Campen, Johan Rockström
A transition to healthy diets such as the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet could considerably reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the specific contributions of dietary shifts for the feasibility of 1.5°C pathways remain unclear. Here, we use the open-source integrated assessment modeling (IAM) framework REMIND-MAgPIE to compare 1.5°C pathways with and without dietary shifts. We find that a flexitarian diet increases the feasibility of the Paris Agreement climate goals in different ways: The reduction of GHG emissions related to dietary shifts, especially methane from ruminant enteric fermentation, increases the 1...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536904/teaching-robots-the-art-of-human-social-synchrony
#32
REVIEW
Rachael E Jack
Humanoid robots can now learn the art of social synchrony using neural networks.
March 27, 2024: Science Robotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536903/restoration-of-motor-function-using-magnetoelectric-metamaterials
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amos Matsiko
Implantable magnetic materials can be used for wireless neural stimulation and restoration of motor function.
March 27, 2024: Science Robotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536902/human-robot-facial-coexpression
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuhang Hu, Boyuan Chen, Jiong Lin, Yunzhe Wang, Yingke Wang, Cameron Mehlman, Hod Lipson
Large language models are enabling rapid progress in robotic verbal communication, but nonverbal communication is not keeping pace. Physical humanoid robots struggle to express and communicate using facial movement, relying primarily on voice. The challenge is twofold: First, the actuation of an expressively versatile robotic face is mechanically challenging. A second challenge is knowing what expression to generate so that the robot appears natural, timely, and genuine. Here, we propose that both barriers can be alleviated by training a robot to anticipate future facial expressions and execute them simultaneously with a human...
March 27, 2024: Science Robotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536901/a-fictional-history-of-robotics-features-forgotten-real-world-robots
#35
REVIEW
Robin R Murphy
The science-fiction movie The Creator uses six real-world robots from the 1950s and 1960s to show progress in AI.
March 27, 2024: Science Robotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530880/glucosylceramide-accumulation-in-microglia-triggers-sting-dependent-neuroinflammation-and-neurodegeneration-in-mice
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui Wang, Hongyang Sun, Yifan Cao, Zhixiong Zhang, Yajing Chen, Xiying Wang, Lele Liu, Jin Wu, Hao Xu, Dan Wu, Chenchen Mu, Zongbing Hao, Song Qin, Haigang Ren, Junhai Han, Ming Fang, Guanghui Wang
Mutations in the gene encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) are responsible for Gaucher disease (GD) and are considered the strongest genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). GCase deficiency leads to extensive accumulation of glucosylceramides (GCs) in cells and contributes to the neuropathology of GD, PD, and LBD by triggering chronic neuroinflammation. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which GC accumulation induces neuroinflammation. We found that GC accumulation within microglia induced by pharmacological inhibition of GCase triggered STING-dependent inflammation, which contributed to neuronal loss both in vitro and in vivo...
March 26, 2024: Science Signaling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530879/biasing-microglia-to-help-not-hurt
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leslie K Ferrarelli
Blocking complement signaling biases microglia to destroy amyloid aggregates, not neuronal synapses.
March 26, 2024: Science Signaling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530158/the-palmitoylation-of-gasdermin-d-directs-its-membrane-translocation-and-pore-formation-during-pyroptosis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arumugam Balasubramanian, Alan Y Hsu, Laxman Ghimire, Muhammad Tahir, Pascal Devant, Pietro Fontana, Gang Du, Xing Liu, Dang Fabin, Hiroto Kambara, Xuemei Xie, Fei Liu, Tomoya Hasegawa, Rong Xu, Hongbo Yu, Mei Chen, Steven Kolakowski, Sunia Trauger, Martin Røssel Larsen, Wenyi Wei, Hao Wu, Jonathan C Kagan, Judy Lieberman, Hongbo R Luo
Plasma membrane perforation elicited by caspase cleavage of the gasdermin D (GSDMD) N-terminal domain (GSDMD-NT) triggers pyroptosis. The mechanisms underlying GSDMD membrane translocation and pore formation are not fully understood. Here, using a proteomics approach, we identified fatty acid synthase (FASN) as a GSDMD-binding partner. S-palmitoylation of GSDMD at Cys191/192 (human/mouse), catalyzed by palmitoyl acyltransferases ZDHHC5 and ZDHHC9 and facilitated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), directly mediated membrane translocation of GSDMD-NT but not full-length GSDMD (GSDMD-FL)...
March 26, 2024: Science Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518331/suppression-of-pulsed-dynamic-nuclear-polarization-by-many-body-spin-dynamics
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kento Sasaki, Eisuke Abe
We study a mechanism by which nuclear hyperpolarization due to the polarization transfer from a microwave-pulse-controlled electron spin is suppressed. From analytical and numerical calculations of the unitary dynamics of multiple nuclear spins, we uncover that, combined with the formation of the dark state within a cluster of nuclei, coherent higher-order nuclear spin dynamics impose limits on the efficiency of the polarization transfer even in the absence of mundane depolarization processes such as nuclear spin diffusion and relaxation...
March 8, 2024: Physical Review Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517974/erratum-for-the-research-article-clots-reveal-anomalous-elastic-behavior-of-fiber-networks-by-zakharov-et%C3%A2-al
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 22, 2024: Science Advances
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