wet amd

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the retinal morpho-functional characteristics of patients with neovascular wet age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with intravitreal injection (IV) of aflibercept (AFL). METHODS: The study was conducted on 35 patients previously diagnosed with type 1 nAMD who received a fixed-dosing regimen of aflibercept injections over 12 months. The goal was to assess trends in visual abilities over time by measuring visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS), visual evoked potentials (VEPs), and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)...

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration, also known as exudative or wet age-related macular degeneration, is the leading cause of blindness in the developed world. Photobiomodulation has the potential to target the up-stream hypoxic and pro-inflammatory drivers of choroidal neovascularization. This study investigated whether photobiomodulation attenuates characteristic pathological features of choroidal neovascularization in a rodent model. Experimental choroidal neovascularization was induced in Brown Norway rats with laser photocoagulation...

BACKGROUND: To report a case of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) after intravitreal injection of brolucizumab for a treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patient without comorbid cardiovascular disease history. CASE PRESENTATION: A 79-year-old Asian male without a cardiovascular disease history such as diabetes or hypertension underwent three times of monthly consecutive intravitreal brolucizumab injections for treatment of progressed nAMD in his left eye...

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic disease that usually develops in older people. Pathogenetic changes in this disease include anatomical and functional complexes. Harmful factors damage the retina and macula. These changes may lead to partial or total loss of vision. The disease can occur in two clinical forms: dry (the progression is slow and gentle) and exudative (wet-progression is acute and severe), which usually starts in the dry form; however, the coexistence of both forms is possible...

BACKGROUND: Code-free deep learning (CFDL) is a novel tool in artificial intelligence (AI). This study directly compared the discriminative performance of CFDL models designed by ophthalmologists without coding experience against bespoke models designed by AI experts in detecting retinal pathologies from optical coherence tomography (OCT) videos and fovea-centered images. METHODS: Using the same internal dataset of 1,173 OCT macular videos and fovea-centered images, model development was performed simultaneously but independently by an ophthalmology resident (CFDL models) and a postdoctoral researcher with expertise in AI (bespoke models)...

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful technique for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of deep learning models. Contrastive methods are a prominent family of SSL that extract similar representations of two augmented views of an image while pushing away others in the representation space as negatives. However, the state-of-the-art contrastive methods require large batch sizes and augmentations designed for natural images that are impractical for 3D medical images. To address these limitations, we propose a new longitudinal SSL method, 3DTINC, based on non-contrastive learning...

PURPOSE: The present study tested the hypothesis that repeated anti-VEGF injections are associated with reduced retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and minimum rim width (MRW) of the optic nerve head. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-six patients with a history of intravitreal injections due to neovascular age-related macular degeneration were included. RNFL and MRW were measured using optical coherence tomography (Spectralis OCT, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany)...

This study aimed to elucidate 1-year outcomes following switching to the aflibercept (3 mg) therapy for treatment-resistant wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD). In this prospective, open-label, non-controlled clinical trial, 18 patients with wAMD who had multiple recurrences or persistent exudation despite intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents (except aflibercept) received a 3-mg intravitreal aflibercept injection every 4 weeks. Each patient received 3 to 8 injections...

INTRODUCTION: Optimizing treatment protocols for wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) is an ongoing challenge, as it involves a delicate balance between achieving therapeutic efficacy and minimizing invasive procedures' frequency. This study aimed to apply the Lean methodology and evaluate the effectiveness of this new setting on intravitreal therapy for wAMD, employing different anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) drugs (bevacizumab, brolucizumab, aflibercept, ranibizumab), drawing data from the Bari Intravitreal Injections Registry (BIVIR)...

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and lymphangiogenesis biomarkers, namely LYVE-1, Podoplanin, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. This prospective and interventional study includes 30 patients with AMD which may be dry or wet type and 30 controls for whom vitrectomy and phacoemulsification was indicated due to additional pathologies (epiretinal membrane, macular hole, retinal detachment, and cataract). 0.1-0,2 ml of aqueous humor and 0.5-1 ml of vitreous sample was taken during the operations...

Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial ocular pathology that destroys the photoreceptors of the macula. Two forms are distinguished, dry and wet AMD, with different pathophysiological mechanisms. Although treatments were shown to be effective in wet AMD, they remain a heavy burden for patients and caregivers, resulting in a lack of patient compliance. For dry AMD, no real effective treatment is available in Europe. It is, therefore, essential to look for new approaches. Recently, the use of long-chain and very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids was identified as an interesting new therapeutic alternative...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) in tears, blood, and aqueous humor as biomarkers for predicting treatment response in wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients undergoing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy. METHODS: In a single-center prospective cohort study, treatment-naïve wet AMD patients and age-matched controls were enrolled. Clinical data and miRNA levels (miR-199a-3p, miR-365-3p, miR-200b-3p, miR-195-5p, miR-335-5p, and miR-185-5p) in tears, blood, and aqueous humor were collected...

PURPOSE: To report a case of secondary Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome in a patient with preexisting wet age-related macular degeneration. OBSERVATION: A 75-year-old male on treat and extend regimen for wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) presented with a sudden loss of vision and saw central dark shadow in the right eye (RE) for a duration of 1 week. There was no significant history preceding the visual loss. Examination showed a visual acuity (VA) of counting fingers at 1 meter in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye...

BACKGROUND: Frequent anti-vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) injections reduce the risk of rapid and severe vision loss in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD); however, due to undertreatment, many patients lose vision over time. New treatments that provide sustained suppression of VEGF-A are needed. RGX-314 (currently known as ABBV-RGX-314) is an adeno-associated virus serotype 8 vector that expresses an anti-VEGF-A antigen-binding fragment, which provides potential for continuous VEGF-A suppression after a single subretinal injection...

Inflammation plays a key role in the induction of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (iCNV) is a severe but uncommon complication of both infectious and non-infectious uveitides. It is hypothesized that its pathogenesis is similar to that of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and involves hypoxia as well as the release of vascular endothelial growth factor, stromal cell-derived factor 1-alpha, and other mediators. Inflammatory CNV develops when inflammation or infection directly involves the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-Bruch's membrane complex...

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an ocular disease that leads to progressive photoreceptor death and visual impairment. Currently, the most common therapeutic strategy is to deliver anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents into the eyes of patients with wet AMD. However, this treatment method requires repeated injections, which potentially results in surgical complications and unwanted side effects for patients. An effective therapeutic approach for dry AMD also remains elusive. Therefore, there is a surge of enthusiasm for the developing the biodegradable drug delivery systems with sustained release capability and develop a promising therapeutic strategy...

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), characterized by macular retinal degeneration, poses a significant health concern due to the lack of effective treatments for prevalent dry AMD. The progression of AMD is closely linked to reactive oxygen species and Fas signaling, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. In this study, we utilized a NaIO3 -induced retinal degeneration mouse model to assess the efficacy of Fas-blocking peptide (FBP). Intravitreal administration of FBP successfully suppressed Fas-mediated inflammation and apoptosis, effectively arresting AMD progression in mice...

PURPOSE: Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) accounts for the majority of severe vision loss in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Despite therapies that target VEGF, patients are often under-responsive, require frequent eye injections to control disease, and eventually lose some vision despite chronic therapy implicating a multifactorial etiology in treatment response. Genetic studies implicate systemic immunity in AMD and systemic immune cells accumulate within CNV lesions, yet a role for these cells in anti-VEGF response remains undetermined...

Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels, is a fundamental physiological process. In addition, angiogenesis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of several disorders, including cancer and eye disorders such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, identifying the regulators of angiogenesis proved challenging. Numerous factors that stimulated angiogenesis in various bioassays were identified, but their pathophysiological role remained unclear. In 1989, we reported the isolation and cloning of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, VEGF-A) as an endothelial cell-specific mitogen and angiogenic factor...

PURPOSE: Our objective was to compare the serum Adropin levels between patients with wet-type Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and otherwise healthy individuals. METHOD: The study included 45 patients with wet-type AMD and 45 individuals without age-related macular degeneration. Patients with co-morbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, autoimmune diseases, and a previous history of visual impairment; were excluded. FBS, Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), lipid profile, and serum Adropin level were checked...