keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499175/flock-members-experience-gas-pressures-higher-than-lone-individuals
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arturo Tozzi
Local interactions between flock members in absence of centralized control generate collective dynamics characterized by coherent large-scale patterns. We investigate whether aggregates of individuals like birds, swarms and fishes behaving in concert with their neighbors may modify the physical properties of the fluid medium in which they are embedded. Using the K-Nearest Neighbours algorithm to simulate collective animal behavior, we showed that the occurrence of collective dynamics can modify the physical parameters of the phase space in which the interacting individuals' trajectories take place...
March 16, 2024: Bio Systems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496594/protein-complex-heterogeneity-and-topology-revealed-by-electron-capture-charge-reduction-and-surface-induced-dissociation
#22
Jared Shaw, Sophie Harvey, Chen Du, Zhixin Xu, Eduardo Olmedillas, Erica Ollmann Saphire, Vicki H Wysocki
Herein, we focus on native mass spectrometry (nMS) combined with a fast, tunable gas-phase charge reduction, electron capture charge reduction (ECCR), and illustrate its utility in the characterization of protein complex topology and glycoprotein heterogeneity. ECCR is illustrated to effectively spread the charge states of tetradecameric GroEL, illustrating Orbitrap m/z measurement out to greater than 100,000 m/z . For both the pentameric C-reactive protein and tetradecameric GroEL, our novel device combining ECCR with surface induced dissociation (SID) lowers the charge states and produces more topologically informative fragmentation...
March 9, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491687/totally-asymmetric-simple-exclusion-process-with-local-resetting-in-a-resource-constrained-environment
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nikhil Bhatia, Arvind Kumar Gupta
Inspired by the process of mRNA translation, in which the stochastic degradation of mRNA-ribosome machinery is modeled by the resetting dynamics, we study an open totally asymmetric simple exclusion process with local resetting at the entry site in a resource-constrained environment. The effect of constrained resources on the stationary properties of the system has been comprehended in the form of the filling factor. The mean-field approximations are utilized to obtain stationary state features, such as density profiles and phase diagrams...
February 2024: Physical Review. E
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491617/chromatin-structure-from-high-resolution-microscopy-scaling-laws-and-microphase-separation
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Loucif Remini, Midas Segers, John Palmeri, Jean-Charles Walter, Andrea Parmeggiani, Enrico Carlon
Recent advances in experimental fluorescence microscopy allow high accuracy determination (resolution of 50 nm) of the three-dimensional physical location of multiple (up to ∼10^{2}) tagged regions of the chromosome. We investigate publicly available microscopy data for two loci of the human Chr21 obtained from multiplexed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methods for different cell lines and treatments. Inspired by polymer physics models, our analysis centers around distance distributions between different tags with the aim being to unravel the chromatin conformational arrangements...
February 2024: Physical Review. E
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491593/phase-chimera-states-on-nonlocal-hyperrings
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Riccardo Muolo, Thierry Njougouo, Lucia Valentina Gambuzza, Timoteo Carletti, Mattia Frasca
Chimera states are dynamical states where regions of synchronous trajectories coexist with incoherent ones. A significant amount of research has been devoted to studying chimera states in systems of identical oscillators, nonlocally coupled through pairwise interactions. Nevertheless, there is increasing evidence, also supported by available data, that complex systems are composed of multiple units experiencing many-body interactions that can be modeled by using higher-order structures beyond the paradigm of classic pairwise networks...
February 2024: Physical Review. E
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491015/dislocation-majorana-bound-states-in-iron-based-superconductors
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lun-Hui Hu, Rui-Xing Zhang
We show that lattice dislocations of topological iron-based superconductors such as FeTe1-x Sex will intrinsically trap non-Abelian Majorana quasiparticles, in the absence of any external magnetic field. Our theory is motivated by the recent experimental observations of normal-state weak topology and surface magnetism that coexist with superconductivity in FeTe1-x Sex , the combination of which naturally achieves an emergent second-order topological superconductivity in a two-dimensional subsystem spanned by screw or edge dislocations...
March 15, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489621/atomistic-origin-of-diverse-charge-density-wave-states-in-csv_-3-sb_-5
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Binhua Zhang, Hengxin Tan, Binghai Yan, Changsong Xu, Hongjun Xiang
Kagome metals AV_{3}Sb_{5} (A=K, Rb, or Cs) exhibit intriguing charge density wave (CDW) instabilities, which interplay with superconductivity and band topology. However, despite firm observations, the atomistic origins of the CDW phases, as well as hidden instabilities, remain elusive. Here, we adopt our newly developed symmetry-adapted cluster expansion method to construct a first-principles-based effective Hamiltonian of CsV_{3}Sb_{5}, which not only reproduces the established inverse star of David (ISD) phase, but also predict a series of D_{3h}-n states under mild tensile strains...
March 1, 2024: Physical Review Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489461/selecting-mode-by-the-complex-berry-phase-in-non-hermitian-waveguide-lattices
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lingzhi Zheng, Bing Wang, Chengzhi Qin, Lange Zhao, Shuyue Chen, Weiwei Liu, Peixiang Lu
Bloch oscillations (BOs) in a parity-time (PT)-symmetric Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) waveguide array are theoretically investigated. We show that the BOs are amplified or damped even for the systems to exhibit entirely real energy bands. The amplified and damped BOs stem from the complex Berry phase and closely relate to the topological properties of the lattice. For the topological nontrivial lattice, the amplification and attenuation of BOs are much more prominent than the trivial case and the output Bloch mode can be selected...
March 15, 2024: Optics Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489460/all-dielectric-geometric-metasurfaces-for-the-generation-and-manipulation-of-perfect-high-order-poincar%C3%A3-sphere-beams
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kaixiang Cheng, Yan Li, Zhendong Zhang, Yi Liu, Yanhua Han, Xiaosai Wang
A high-order Poincaré sphere (HOPS) can be used to describe high-order modes of waveguides and vector beams, since it generalizes the feature of spin and the orbital angular momentum of light. HOPS beams are such beams with polarization states on the HOPS, which have potential applications in optical manipulation and optical communication. In general, the intensity distribution of this kind of beam changes with the topological charge, which limits their practical applications. Based on the concept of perfect vortex beams (PVBs), perfect HOPS beams have been proposed to solve this problem...
March 15, 2024: Optics Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485978/the-discovery-of-three-dimensional-van-hove-singularity
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenbin Wu, Zeping Shi, Mykhaylo Ozerov, Yuhan Du, Yuxiang Wang, Xiao-Sheng Ni, Xianghao Meng, Xiangyu Jiang, Guangyi Wang, Congming Hao, Xinyi Wang, Pengcheng Zhang, Chunhui Pan, Haifeng Pan, Zhenrong Sun, Run Yang, Yang Xu, Yusheng Hou, Zhongbo Yan, Cheng Zhang, Hai-Zhou Lu, Junhao Chu, Xiang Yuan
Arising from the extreme/saddle point in electronic bands, Van Hove singularity (VHS) manifests divergent density of states (DOS) and induces various new states of matter such as unconventional superconductivity. VHS is believed to exist in one and two dimensions, but rarely found in three dimension (3D). Here, we report the discovery of 3D VHS in a topological magnet EuCd2 As2 by magneto-infrared spectroscopy. External magnetic fields effectively control the exchange interaction in EuCd2 As2 , and shift 3D Weyl bands continuously, leading to the modification of Fermi velocity and energy dispersion...
March 14, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483985/large-nonlinear-optical-magnetoelectric-response-in-a-noncentrosymmetric-magnetic-weyl-semimetal
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kentaro Shoriki, Keigo Moriishi, Yoshihiro Okamura, Kohei Yokoi, Hidetomo Usui, Hiroshi Murakawa, Hideaki Sakai, Noriaki Hanasaki, Yoshinori Tokura, Youtarou Takahashi
Weyl semimetals resulting from either inversion ( P ) or time-reversal ( T ) symmetry breaking have been revealed to show the record-breaking large optical response due to intense Berry curvature of Weyl-node pairs. Different classes of Weyl semimetals with both P and T symmetry breaking potentially exhibit optical magnetoelectric (ME) responses, which are essentially distinct from the previously observed optical responses in conventional Weyl semimetals, leading to the versatile functions such as directional dependence for light propagation and gyrotropic effects...
March 19, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483446/structure-sensitivity-of-metal-catalysts-revealed-by-interpretable-machine-learning-and-first-principles-calculations
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wu Shu, Jiancong Li, Jin-Xun Liu, Chuwei Zhu, Tairan Wang, Li Feng, Runhai Ouyang, Wei-Xue Li
The nature of the active sites and their structure sensitivity are the keys to rational design of efficient catalysts but have been debated for almost one century in heterogeneous catalysis. Though the Brønsted-Evans-Polanyi (BEP) relationship along with linear scaling relation has long been used to study the reactivity, explicit geometry, and composition properties are absent in this relationship, a fact that prevents its exploration in structure sensitivity of supported catalysts. In this work, based on interpretable multitask symbolic regression and a comprehensive first-principles data set, we discovered a structure descriptor, the topological under-coordinated number mediated by number of valence electrons and the lattice constant, to successfully address the structure sensitivity of metal catalysts...
March 14, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483272/strain-induced-topological-phase-transition-in-ferromagnetic-janus-monolayer-mnsbbis-2-te-2
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Romakanta Bhattarai, Peter Minch, Yunfan Liang, Shengbai Zhang, Trevor David Rhone
We investigate a strain-induced topological phase transition in the ferromagnetic Janus monolayer MnSbBiS2 Te2 using first-principles calculations. The electronic, magnetic, and topological properties are studied under biaxial strain within the range of -8 to +8%. The ground state of monolayer MnSbBiS2 Te2 is metallic with an out-of-plane magnetic easy axis. A band gap is opened when a compressive strain between -4% and -7% is applied. We observe a topological phase transition at a biaxial strain of -5%, where the material becomes a Chern insulator exhibiting a quantum anomalous hall (QAH) effect...
March 14, 2024: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics: PCCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478617/proximity-effect-of-emergent-field-from-spin-ice-in-an-oxide-heterostructure
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mizuki Ohno, Takahiro C Fujita, Masashi Kawasaki
Geometrical frustration endows magnets with degenerate ground states, resulting in exotic spin structures and quantum phenomena. Such magnets, called quantum magnets, can display non-coplanar spin textures and be a viable platform for the topological Hall effect driven by "emergent field." However, most quantum magnets are insulators, making it challenging to electrically detect associated fluctuations and excitations. Here, we probe magnetic transitions in the spin ice insulator Dy2 Ti2 O7 , a prototypical quantum magnet, as emergent magnetotransport phenomena at the heterointerface with the nonmagnetic metal Bi2 Rh2 O7 ...
March 15, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478446/playing-the-lottery-with-concave-regularizers-for-sparse-trainable-neural-networks
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giulia Fracastoro, Sophie M Fosson, Andrea Migliorati, Giuseppe C Calafiore
The design of sparse neural networks, i.e., of networks with a reduced number of parameters, has been attracting increasing research attention in the last few years. The use of sparse models may significantly reduce the computational and storage footprint in the inference phase. In this context, the lottery ticket hypothesis (LTH) constitutes a breakthrough result, that addresses not only the performance of the inference phase, but also of the training phase. It states that it is possible to extract effective sparse subnetworks, called winning tickets, that can be trained in isolation...
March 13, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475149/exploring-safety-stability-tradeoffs-in-cooperative-cav-platoon-controls-with-bidirectional-impacts
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Wei, Xiaozheng He
Advanced sensing technologies and communication capabilities of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) empower them to capture the dynamics of surrounding vehicles, including speeds and positions of those behind, enabling judicious responsive maneuvers. The acquired dynamics information of vehicles spurred the development of various cooperative platoon controls, particularly designed to enhance platoon stability with reduced spacing for reliable roadway capacity increase. These controls leverage abundant information transmitted through various communication topologies...
March 1, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466943/gradient-transformation-of-the-double-gyroid-to-the-double-diamond-in-soft-matter
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenpeng Shan, Edwin L Thomas
Transitions between gyroid and diamond intercatenated double network phases occur in many types of soft matter, but to date, the structural pathway and the crystallographic relationships remain unclear. Slice and view scanning electron microscopy tomography of a diblock copolymer affords monitoring of the evolving shape of the intermaterial dividing surface, allowing structural characterization of both the majority and minority domains. Two trihedral malleable mesoatoms combine to form a single tetrahedral mesoatom in a volume additive manner while preserving network topology, as the types of loops, the number of mesoatoms in a loop, minority domain strut lengths, and directions that connect a given mesoatom to its neighbors evolve across a 150 nm wide transition zone (TZ)...
March 11, 2024: ACS Nano
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466590/a-novel-dual-phase-based-approach-for-distributed-event-triggered-control-of-multiagent-systems-with-guaranteed-performance
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Libei Sun, Xiucai Huang, Yongduan Song, Marios Polycarpou
This article presents a novel dual-phase based approach for distributed event-triggered control of uncertain Euler-Lagrange (EL) multiagent systems (MASs) with guaranteed performance under a directed topology. First, a fully distributed robust filter is designed to estimate the reference signal for each agent with guaranteed observation performance under continuous state feedback, which transforms the distributed event-triggered control problem into a centralized one for multiple single systems. Second, an event-triggered controller is constructed via intermittent state feedback, making the output of each agent follow the corresponding estimated signal with guaranteed tracking performance...
March 11, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466239/influence-of-electronic-correlation-on-the-valley-and-topological-properties-of-vsigep-4-monolayer
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guangxin Fan, Yanzhao Wu, Junwei Tong, Li Deng, Xiang Yin, Fubo Tian, Xianmin Zhang
Valley is used as a new degree of freedom for information encoding and storage. In this work, the valley and topological properties of the VSiGeP4 monolayer were studied by adjusting the U value based on first-principles calculations. The VSiGeP4 monolayer remains in a ferromagnetic ground state regardless of the change in the U value. The magnetic anisotropy of the VSiGeP4 monolayer is initially in-plane, and then turns out-of-plane with the increase in the U value. Moreover, a topological phase transition is observed in the present VSiGeP4 monolayer with the increase in U value from 0 to 3 eV, i...
March 11, 2024: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics: PCCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457834/chirality-selective-topological-magnon-phase-transition-induced-by-interplay-of-anisotropic-exchange-interactions-in-honeycomb-ferromagnet
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jin-Yu Ni, Xia-Ming Zheng, Peng-Tao Wei, Da-Yong Liu, Liang-Jian Zou
A variety of distinct anisotropic exchange interactions commonly exist in one magnetic material due to complex crystal, magnetic and orbital symmetries. Here we investigate the effects of multiple anisotropic exchange interactions on topological magnon in a honeycomb ferromagnet, and find a chirality-selective topological magnon phase transition induced by a complicated interplay of Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction (DMI) and pseudo-dipolar interaction (PDI), accompanied by the bulk gap close and reopen with chiral inversion...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter: An Institute of Physics Journal
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