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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raghunath Satpathy, Sonali Acharya, Rashmiranjan Behera
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: RNA viruses are complex pathogens in terms of their genetic makeup, mutation frequency, and transmission modes. They contain the RNA helicase enzyme, which plays a crucial role in the viral genome replication process. This work aims to develop and screen a potential molecule that could function as a dengue virus (DENV) RNA helicase inhibitor. METHODS: The present study was performed by taking 26 potential derivatives of gedunin phytochemicals from the PubChem database as ligands...
May 6, 2024: Journal of Vector Borne Diseases
#22
REVIEW
Minghua Li
Bunyaviruses are a large group of important viral pathogens that cause significant diseases in humans and animals worldwide. Bunyaviruses are enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses that infect a wide range of hosts. Upon entry into host cells, the components of viruses are recognized by host innate immune system, leading to the activation of downstream signaling cascades to induce interferons (IFNs) and other proinflammatory cytokines. IFNs bind to their receptors and upregulate the expression of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs)...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ylenia Longo, Sara Moreno Mascaraque, Giuseppe Andreacchio, Julia Werner, Ichiro Katahira, Elena De Marchi, Anna Pegoraro, Robert Jan Lebbink, Karl Köhrer, Patrick Petzsch, Ronny Tao, Francesco Di Virgilio, Elena Adinolfi, Ingo Drexler
INTRODUCTION: Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) is a safe vaccine vector inducing long- lasting and potent immune responses. MVA-mediated CD8+ T cell responses are optimally induced, if both, direct- and cross-presentation of viral or recombinant antigens by dendritic cells are contributing. METHODS: To improve the adaptive immune responses, we investigated the role of the purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2RX7) in MVA-infected feeder cells as a modulator of cross-presentation by non-infected dendritic cells...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
#24
REVIEW
Barry Buckland, Gautam Sanyal, Todd Ranheim, David Pollard, Jim A Searles, Sue Behrens, Stefanie Pluschkell, Jessica Josefsberg, Christopher J Roberts
In the past decade, new approaches to the discovery and development of vaccines have transformed the field. Advances during the COVID-19 pandemic allowed the production of billions of vaccine doses per year using novel platforms such as messenger RNA and viral vectors. Improvements in the analytical toolbox, equipment, and bioprocess technology have made it possible to achieve both unprecedented speed in vaccine development and scale of vaccine manufacturing. Macromolecular structure-function characterization technologies, combined with improved modeling and data analysis, enable quantitative evaluation of vaccine formulations at single-particle resolution and guided design of vaccine drug substances and drug products...
May 6, 2024: Biotechnology and Bioengineering
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marco Brustolin, Koen Bartholomeeusen, Tatiana Rezende, Kevin K Ariën, Ruth Müller
BACKGROUND: Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging alphavirus, primarily transmitted by the mosquito Haemagogus janthinomys in Central and South America. However, recent studies have shown that Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and various Anopheles mosquitoes can also transmit the virus under laboratory conditions. MAYV causes sporadic outbreaks across the South American region, particularly in areas near forests. Recently, cases have been reported in European and North American travelers returning from endemic areas, raising concerns about potential introductions into new regions...
May 4, 2024: Parasites & Vectors
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Harit Kasana, Ajay Kumar Ade, Jaipal Meena, Archana Sayal, Faraz Sheikh, Anupkumar R Anvikar, Harish Chander
AIM: Quality control testing of the vaccine for lot release is of paramount importance in public health. A recent pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus brought together all spheres of vaccine to combat the virus. The scientific advancement in the development of vaccines facilitated the scientists to develop the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in a record time. Thus, these vaccines should be stringently monitored for their safety and efficacy as per the latest WHO and national regulatory guidelines, and quality control evaluation of the product should be done at national control laboratories before releasing the product into the market as it assures the quality and safety of the vaccine...
May 2, 2024: Journal of Immunological Methods
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren Switala, Lin Di, Huiyun Gao, Courteney Asase, Matthew Klos, Palanivel Rengasamy, Daria Fedyukina, Andrei Maiseyeu
Cardiac muscle targeting is a notoriously difficult task. Although various nanoparticle (NP) and adeno-associated viral (AAV) strategies with heart tissue tropism have been developed, their performance remains suboptimal. Significant off-target accumulation of i.v.-delivered pharmacotherapies has thwarted development of disease-modifying cardiac treatments, such as gene transfer and gene editing, that may address both rare and highly prevalent cardiomyopathies and their complications. Here, we present an intriguing discovery: cargo-less, safe poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) particles that drastically improve heart delivery of AAVs and NPs...
May 3, 2024: Journal of Nanobiotechnology
#28
REVIEW
Yekta Metanat, Patrik Viktor, Ayesha Amajd, Irwanjot Kaur, Ashraf Mohammed Hamed, Noor K Abed Al-Abadi, Nathera Hussin Alwan, M V N L Chaitanya, Natrayan Lakshmaiya, Pallavi Ghildiyal, Othman Mahjoob Khalaf, Carmen Iulia Ciongradi, Ioan Sârbu
Although CAR-T cell therapy has emerged as a game-changer in cancer immunotherapy several bottlenecks limit its widespread use as a front-line therapy. Current protocols for the production of CAR-T cells rely mainly on the use of lentiviral/retroviral vectors. Nevertheless, according to the safety concerns around the use of viral vectors, there are several regulatory hurdles to their clinical use. Large-scale production of viral vectors under "Current Good Manufacturing Practice" (cGMP) involves rigorous quality control assessments and regulatory requirements that impose exorbitant costs on suppliers and as a result, lead to a significant increase in the cost of treatment...
May 1, 2024: Life Sciences
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdullah Al Nahain, Jinlin Li, Naphak Modhiran, Daniel Watterson, Jin-Ping Li, Vera Ignjatovic, Paul Monagle, John Tsanaktsidis, George Vamvounis, Vito Ferro
Mosquito-borne viruses are a major worldwide health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality rates and significant impacts on national healthcare budgets. The development of antiviral drugs for both the treatment and prophylaxis of these diseases is thus of considerable importance. To address the need for therapeutics with antiviral activity, a library of heparan sulfate mimetic polymers was screened against dengue virus (DENV), Yellow fever virus (YFV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and Ross River virus (RRV)...
May 3, 2024: ACS Applied Bio Materials
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hélène Lê, Jules Deforges, Pasquale Cutolo, Anissa Lamarque, Guoqiang Hua, Véronique Lindner, Shreyansh Jain, Jean-Marc Balloul, Nadia Benkirane-Jessel, Eric Quéméneur
Onco-virotherapy is an emergent treatment for cancer based on viral vectors. The therapeutic activity is based on two different mechanisms including tumor-specific oncolysis and immunostimulatory properties. In this study, we evaluated onco-virotherapy in vitro responses on immunocompetent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient-derived tumoroids (PDTs) and healthy organoids. PDTs are accurate tools to predict patient's clinical responses at the in vitro stage. We showed that onco-virotherapy could exert specific antitumoral effects by producing a higher number of viral particles in PDTs than in healthy organoids...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gaidaa Dogheim, Sampath Chinnam, Mohamed T Amralla
Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comprises 75-80% of liver cancer cases. Therapeutic strategies for HCC are available and have been shown to prolong survival but not treat HCC. Gene expression and regulation are responsible for the pathogenesis and progression of HCC. Altering these genetic networks can impact cellular behaviors and in turn cure HCC. Single-stranded and double-stranded non-coding ribonucleic acid known as microRNA and small interfering RNA, respectively have been investigated as possible therapeutic options...
May 2, 2024: Current Drug Delivery
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kenta Nakamura, Timothy D Henry, Jay H Traverse, David A Latter, Nahush A Mokadam, Geoffrey A Answini, Adam R Williams, Benjamin C Sun, Christopher R Burke, Faisal G Bakaeen, Marcelo F DiCarli, Bernard R Chaitman, Mark W Peterson, Dawn G Byrnes, E Magnus Ohman, Carl J Pepine, Ronald G Crystal, Todd K Rosengart, Elaine Kowalewski, Gary G Koch, Howard C Dittrich, Thomas J Povsic
BACKGROUND: XC001 is a novel adenoviral-5 vector designed to express multiple isoforms of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and more safely and potently induce angiogenesis. The EXACT trial (Epicardial Delivery of XC001 Gene Therapy for Refractory Angina Coronary Treatment) assessed the safety and preliminary efficacy of XC001 in patients with no option refractory angina. METHODS: In this single-arm, multicenter, open-label trial, 32 patients with no option refractory angina received a single treatment of XC001 (1×1011 viral particles) via transepicardial delivery...
May 2, 2024: Circulation. Cardiovascular Interventions
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Dou, Shupei Yu, Yuanwei Zhang
In recent years, cationic polymer vectors have been viewed as a promising method for delivering nucleic acids. With the advancement of synthetic polymer chemistry, we can control chemical structures and properties to enhance the efficacy of gene delivery. Herein, a facile, cost-effective, and scalable method was developed to synthesize PEGylated PDMAEMA polymers (PEO-PDMAEMA-PEO), where PEGylation could enable prolonged polyplexes circulation time in the blood stream. Two polymers of different molecular weights were synthesized, and polymer/eGFP polyplexes were prepared and characterized...
May 2, 2024: Biopolymers
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Scoty Hearst, Pedro M Palermo, Douglas M Watts, Kamen Campbell, Ryan Ivey, Caleb Young, William Yarbrough, Edward Facundus, Jack Spears, Stephen Mills, Kaitlin A McNeely, Priya Ray, Grace C Burnett, George T Bates, John T Bates
Background: Early detection and monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infections in animal populations living in close proximity to humans is crucial for preventing reverse zoonosis of new viral strains. Evidence accumulated has revealed widespread SARS-CoV-2 infection among white-tailed deer (WTD), ( Odocoileus virginianus ) populations in the United States except in the southeast region. Therefore, the objective was to conduct surveillance for evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among WTD in Mississippi. Materials and Methods: Blood, kidney tissues, and nasal swab samples were collected in 17 counties from hunter-harvested deer during 2021-2022 and 2022-2023...
May 2, 2024: Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chloé Garambois, Matthieu Boulesteix, Marie Fablet
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile repeated sequences found in all genomes. TEs are controlled by RNA interference pathways in most organisms, and this control involves the piRNA pathway and the siRNA pathway, which is also known to be the first line of antiviral defense in invertebrates. Using Drosophila, we recently showed that viral infections result in the modulation of TE transcript levels through modulation of the small RNA repertoire. The Aedes aegypti mosquito is of particular interest because almost half of its genome is made of TEs, and it is described as a major vector of viruses (such as the dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) arboviruses)...
May 2, 2024: Genome Biology and Evolution
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hirotaka Sakamoto, Ayumu Inutsuka
Recent advances in viral vector technology, specifically using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors, have significantly expanded possibilities in neuronal tracing. We have utilized the Cre/loxP system in combination with AAV techniques in rats to explore the subcellular localization of palmitoylation signal-tagged GFP (palGFP) in oxytocin-producing neurosecretory neurons. A distinctive branching pattern of single axons was observed at the level of the terminals in the posterior pituitary. Despite challenges in detecting palGFP signals by fluorescent microscopy, immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated predominant localization on the plasma membrane, with a minor presence on the neurosecretory vesicle membrane...
April 25, 2024: Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengmeng Li, Fenglei Chen, Qian Yang, Qinglai Tang, Zian Xiao, Xinying Tong, Ying Zhang, Lanjie Lei, Shisheng Li
CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology is characterized by high specificity and efficiency, and has been applied to the treatment of human diseases, especially tumors involving multiple genetic modifications. However, the clinical application of CRISPR/Cas9 still faces some major challenges, the most urgent of which is the development of optimized delivery vectors. Biomaterials are currently the best choice for use in CRISPR/Cas9 delivery vectors owing to their tunability, biocompatibility, and efficiency. As research on biomaterial vectors continues to progress, hope for the application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for clinical oncology therapy builds...
2024: Biomaterials Research
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laís Picinini Freitas, Dirk Douwes-Schultz, Alexandra M Schmidt, Brayan Ávila Monsalve, Jorge Emilio Salazar Flórez, César García-Balaguera, Berta N Restrepo, Gloria I Jaramillo-Ramirez, Mabel Carabali, Kate Zinszer
Zika, a viral disease transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes, emerged in the Americas in 2015, causing large-scale epidemics. Colombia alone reported over 72,000 Zika cases between 2015 and 2016. Using national surveillance data from 1121 municipalities over 70 weeks, we identified sociodemographic and environmental factors associated with Zika's emergence, re-emergence, persistence, and transmission intensity in Colombia. We fitted a zero-state Markov-switching model under the Bayesian framework, assuming Zika switched between periods of presence and absence according to spatially and temporally varying probabilities of emergence/re-emergence (from absence to presence) and persistence (from presence to presence)...
May 1, 2024: Scientific Reports
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marion Subklewe, Giulia Magno, Christina Gebhardt, Veit Bücklein, Franziska Szelinski, Héctor Julián Rincón Arévalo, Gerulf Hänel, Thomas Dörner, Gerhard Zugmaier, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Alla Skapenko, Hendrik Schulze-Koops
Systemic sclerosis, a severe inflammatory autoimmune disease, shares a common thread with cancer through the underlying mechanism of inflammation. This inflammatory milieu not only drives the immune dysregulation characteristic of autoimmune diseases but also plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cancer. Among the cellular components involved, B cells have emerged as key players in hematologic tumor and autoimmune disease, contributing to immune dysregulation and persistent tissue fibrosis in systemic sclerosis, as well as tumor progression and immune evasion in cancer...
April 22, 2024: European Journal of Cancer
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Cesana, Maria Pia Cicalese, Andrea Calabria, Pietro Merli, Roberta Caruso, Monica Volpin, Laura Rudilosso, Maddalena Migliavacca, Federica Barzaghi, Claudia Fossati, Francesco Gazzo, Simone Pizzi, Andrea Ciolfi, Alessandro Bruselles, Francesca Tucci, Giulio Spinozzi, Giulia Pais, Fabrizio Benedicenti, Matteo Barcella, Ivan Merelli, Pierangela Gallina, Stefania Giannelli, Francesca Dionisio, Serena Scala, Miriam Casiraghi, Luisa Strocchio, Luciana Vinti, Lucia Pacillo, Eleonora Draghi, Marcella Cesana, Sara Riccardo, Chiara Colantuono, Emmanuelle Six, Marina Cavazzana, Filippo Carlucci, Manfred Schmidt, Caterina Cancrini, Fabio Ciceri, Luca Vago, Davide Cacchiarelli, Bernhard Gentner, Luigi Naldini, Marco Tartaglia, Eugenio Montini, Franco Locatelli, Alessandro Aiuti
Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy (GT) using a γ-retroviral vector (γ-RV) is an effective treatment for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency due to Adenosine Deaminase deficiency. Here, we describe a case of GT-related T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) that developed 4.7 years after treatment. The patient underwent chemotherapy and haploidentical transplantation and is currently in remission. Blast cells contain a single vector insertion activating the LIM-only protein 2 (LMO2) proto-oncogene, confirmed by physical interaction, and low Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) activity resulting from methylation of viral promoter...
April 30, 2024: Nature Communications
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